Mathews, Christopher K. (2000). 《Biochemistry》. Van Holde, K. E. (Kensal Edward), 1928-, Ahern, Kevin G. 3판. San Francisco, Calif.: Benjamin Cummings. 280쪽. ISBN978-0805330663. OCLC42290721.
Collins, G. C. S.; George, W. O. (1971). “Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of glycolaldehyde”. 《Journal of the Chemical Society B: Physical Organic》: 1352. doi:10.1039/j29710001352. ISSN0045-6470.
Varoujan A. Yaylayan, Susan Harty-Majors, Ashraf A. Ismail "Investigation of the mechanism of dissociation of glycolaldehyde dimer (2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-dioxane) by FTIR spectroscopy" Carbohydrate Research 1998, vol. 309, pp. 31–38. doi:10.1016/S0008-6215(98)00129-3
Mathews, Christopher K. (2000). 《Biochemistry》. Van Holde, K. E. (Kensal Edward), 1928-, Ahern, Kevin G. 3판. San Francisco, Calif.: Benjamin Cummings. 280쪽. ISBN978-0805330663. OCLC42290721.
Collins, G. C. S.; George, W. O. (1971). “Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of glycolaldehyde”. 《Journal of the Chemical Society B: Physical Organic》: 1352. doi:10.1039/j29710001352. ISSN0045-6470.