독일의 통일 (Korean Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "독일의 통일" in Korean language version.

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85openlibrary.org

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archive.org

Mack Smith, Denis (1994). 《Mazzini》. Yale University Press. 11–12쪽. ISBN 978-0-300-05884-0.

books.google.com

Minahan 2000, 288–289쪽. Minahan, James (2000). 〈Germans〉. 《One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups》. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-30984-1. 2016년 3월 11일에 확인함.
Minahan 2000, 288–289쪽 Minahan, James (2000). 〈Germans〉. 《One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups》. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-30984-1. 2016년 3월 11일에 확인함.
Whaley 2011, 17쪽. Whaley, Joachim (2011년 11월 24일). 《Germany and the Holy Roman Empire: Volume II: The Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich, 1648–1806》 (영어). OUP Oxford. ISBN 978-0-1916-2822-1. 2022년 2월 5일에 확인함.

britannica.com

Heather, Peter. “Germany: Ancient History”. 《Encyclopædia Britannica Online》. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2019년 3월 31일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2020년 11월 21일에 확인함. Within the boundaries of present-day Germany... Germanic peoples such as the eastern Franks, Frisians, Saxons, Thuringians, Alemanni, and Bavarians—all speaking West Germanic dialects—had merged Germanic and borrowed Roman cultural features. It was among these groups that a German language and ethnic identity would gradually develop during the Middle Ages.

dhm.de

Die Reichsgründung 1871 (The Foundation of the Empire, 1871), Lebendiges virtuelles Museum Online, 2008-12-22. 독일어 문구를 번역하면 다음과 같다: "[...] 빌헬름 1세의 바람에 따라, 1701년 1월 18일 브란덴부르크 가문이 왕국 지위로 승격된 지 170주년이 되는 날, 모인 독일 제후들과 고위 군 관리들은 베르사유 궁전 거울의 방에서 빌헬름 1세를 독일 황제로 선포했다."

doi.org

dx.doi.org

See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History틀:Nonspecific, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). 《Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918》. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 10–14쪽. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M. ; Krieger 1957; Grew & Bien 1978, 312–345쪽; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). 《Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe》. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M. ; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). “German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg”. 《Journal of Contemporary History》 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458. ; Berghahn, Volker (1982). 《Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1957). 《The German Idea of Freedom》. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). 《Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.
Kocka, Jürgen (February 2003). “Comparison and Beyond”. 《History and Theory》 42 (1): 39–44. doi:10.1111/1468-2303.00228. ; Kocka, Jürgen (February 1999). “Asymmetrical Historical Comparison: The Case of the German Sonderweg”. 《History and Theory》 38 (1): 40–50. doi:10.1111/0018-2656.751999075. .

fordham.edu

Droysen, Johann Gustav. 《Modern History Sourcebook: Documents of German Unification, 1848–1871》. 2009년 4월 9일에 확인함.

ghi-dc.org

germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org

Sheehan 1989, 460–470쪽; German Historical Institute Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.

historyman.co.uk

Fichte, Johann Gottlieb (1808). “Address to the German Nation”. 《www.historyman.co.uk》. 2009년 6월 6일에 확인함.

jstor.org

See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History틀:Nonspecific, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). 《Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918》. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 10–14쪽. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M. ; Krieger 1957; Grew & Bien 1978, 312–345쪽; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). 《Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe》. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M. ; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). “German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg”. 《Journal of Contemporary History》 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458. ; Berghahn, Volker (1982). 《Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1957). 《The German Idea of Freedom》. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). 《Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.

nytimes.com

timesmachine.nytimes.com

"The Situation of Germany". (PDF) The New York Times, July 1, 1866.

openlibrary.org

Gagliardo 1980, 11-12쪽. Gagliardo, John G. (1980). 《Reich and Nation. The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806》. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-2531-6773-6. OCLC 5563434. OL 22078286M.
Vann, James Allen (1975). 《The Swabian Kreis: Institutional Growth in the Holy Roman Empire 1648–1715》. Studies Presented to International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions LII. Bruxelles. OCLC 2276157. OL 4590654M. ; Walker, Mack (1998). 《German Home Towns: Community, State, and General Estate, 1648–1871》. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-8508-4. OL 466977M.
Gagliardo 1980, 278–279쪽. Gagliardo, John G. (1980). 《Reich and Nation. The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806》. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-2531-6773-6. OCLC 5563434. OL 22078286M.
Kann, Robert A. (1974). 《History of the Habsburg Empire: 1526–1918》. Los Angeles: University of California Press. 221쪽. ISBN 978-0-5200-4206-3. OL 7708659M.
Mann 1958, 70쪽. Mann, Golo (1958). 《Deutsche Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts》. S. Fischer. ISBN 3-1034-7901-8. OL 15250052M.
- Sheehan 1989, 434쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Walter, Jakob (1996). Raeff, Marc, 편집. 《The diary of a Napoleonic foot soldier》. Windrush Press. ISBN 0-9000-7537-6. OCLC 59977347. OL 20208714M.
- Sheehan 1989, 384–387쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 323쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 322–323쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Blackbourn & Eley 1984, Part 1; Nipperdey 1996, Chapter 1. Blackbourn, David; Eley, Geoff (1984). 《The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1987-3057-6. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
- Sheehan 1989, 398–410쪽; Scott, Hamish M. (2006). 《The Birth of a Great Power System》. London & New York: Longman. 329–361쪽. ISBN 978-0-5822-1717-1. OCLC 889270087. OL 3311839M. . Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Lee 1980. Lee, Lloyd (1980). 《The Politics of Harmony: Civil Service, Liberalism, and Social Reform in Baden, 1800–1850》. Cranbury, New Jersey: Associated University Presses. ISBN 978-0-8741-3143-7. OL 8381260M.
- Zamoyski 2007, 98–115, 239–40쪽. Zamoyski, Adam (2007). 《Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna》. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-0607-7518-6. OL 7281494M.
- Sheehan 1989, 398–410쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Berenger, Jean (1997). 《A History of the Habsburg Empire 1700–1918》. 번역 Simpson, C.A. New York: Longman. 96–97쪽. ISBN 978-0-5820-9007-1. OCLC 891447020. OL 7879682M. .
- Sheehan 1989, 460–470쪽; German Historical Institute Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Namier, Lewis (1952). 《Avenues of History》. New York: Macmillan. 34쪽. OCLC 422057575. OL 6114891M.
- Nipperdey 1996, 1–3쪽. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
- Sheehan 1989, 407–408, 444쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 442–445쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 610–613쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 610쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 612쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 613쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 610–615쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 465–467쪽; Blackbourn 1998, 106–107쪽 Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 465쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 466쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 467–468쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 502쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 469쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 458쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Sheehan 1989, 466–467쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
- Dominick, Raymond III (1992). 《The Environmental Movement in Germany》. Bloomington: Indiana University. 3–41쪽. ISBN 0-2533-1819-X. OL 1549008M.
- Sperber, Jonathan (2000). 《Revolutionary Europe, 1780–1850》. New York: Longman. ISBN 0-5822-9446-0. OL 6779824M. .
- See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History틀:Nonspecific, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). 《Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918》. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 10–14쪽. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M. ; Krieger 1957; Grew & Bien 1978, 312–345쪽; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). 《Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe》. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M. ; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). “German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg”. 《Journal of Contemporary History》 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458. ; Berghahn, Volker (1982). 《Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1957). 《The German Idea of Freedom》. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). 《Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.
- Taylor, A. J. P. (1954). 《The Struggle for Mastery in Europe 1848–1918》. Oxford: Clarendon. 37쪽. ISBN 978-0-1988-1270-8. OL 7402365M.
- Zamoyski 2007, 100–115쪽. Zamoyski, Adam (2007). 《Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna》. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-0607-7518-6. OL 7281494M.
- Holt & Chilton 1917, 27쪽. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). 《The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War》. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Holt & Chilton 1917, 13–14쪽. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). 《The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War》. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Hollyday, Frederic B. M. (1970). 《Bismarck》. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. 16–18쪽. ISBN 978-0-1307-7362-3. OL 4576160M.
- Mann 1958, 316–395쪽, Chapter 6. Mann, Golo (1958). 《Deutsche Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts》. S. Fischer. ISBN 3-1034-7901-8. OL 15250052M.
  - Hull, Isabel V. (2005). 《Absolute Destruction: Military Culture and the Practices of War in Imperial Germany》 New판. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. 90–108, 324–333쪽. ISBN 978-0-8014-7293-0. OL 7848816M.
  - Howard 1961, 40쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
  - Mann 1958, 390–395쪽. Mann, Golo (1958). 《Deutsche Geschichte des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts》. S. Fischer. ISBN 3-1034-7901-8. OL 15250052M.
    - Taylor 1988, Chapter 1 and Conclusion. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). 《Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman》. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
    - Howard 1961, 40–57쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
    - Sheehan 1989, 900–904쪽; Wawro 1996, 4–32쪽; Holt & Chilton 1917, 75쪽 Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
      - Holt & Chilton 1917, 75쪽. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). 《The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War》. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
      - Sheehan 1989, 96쪽; Wawro 1996, 82–84쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M. )
        Sheehan 1989, 905–906쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
        Sheehan 1989, 909쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
        Wawro 1996, 50–60, 75–79쪽. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M. )
        Wawro 1996, 57–75쪽. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M. )
        Taylor 1988, 87–88쪽. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). 《Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman》. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
        Sheehan 1989, 908–909쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
        Sheehan 1989, 910쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
        Schjerve, Rosita Rindler (2003). 《Diglossia and Power: Language Policies and Practice in the Nineteenth Century Habsburg Empire》. Berlin: De Gruyter. 199–200쪽. ISBN 978-3-1101-7654-4. OL 9017475M.
        Sheehan 1989, 909–910쪽; Wawro 1996, Chapter 11. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M. )
        Sheehan 1989, 905–910쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
        Bridge, Roy; Bullen, Roger (2004). 《The Great Powers and the European States System 1814–1914》 2판. Longman. ISBN 978-0-5827-8458-1. OL 7882098M.
        Howard 1961, 4–60쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 50–57쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 55–56쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 56–57쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 55–59쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 64–68쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 218–222쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Howard 1961, 222–230쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Taylor 1988, 126쪽. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). 《Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman》. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
        Howard 1961, 357–370쪽. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Taylor 1988, 133쪽. Taylor, A. J. P. (1988). 《Bismarck: The Man and the Statesman》. Oxford: Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-3947-0387-9. OL 7461954M.
        Crankshaw, Edward (1981). 《Bismarck》. New York: The Viking Press. 299쪽. ISBN 0-3333-4038-8. OL 28022489M.
        Howard 1961, 432–456쪽, Chapter XI: the Peace. Howard, Michael Eliot (1961). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German invasion of France, 1870–1871》. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4150-2787-8. OL 7481175M.
        Confino 1997. Confino, Alon (1997). 《The Nation as a Local Metaphor: Württemberg, Imperial Germany, and National Memory, 1871–1918》. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4665-0. OL 1011446M.
        Blackbourn & Eley 1984; Blickle 2004; Scribner & Ogilvie 1996. Blackbourn, David; Eley, Geoff (1984). 《The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1987-3057-6. Blickle, Peter (2004). 《Heimat: A Critical Theory of the German Idea of Homeland》. 《Studies in German literature, linguistics and culture》 New판 (Columbia, South Carolina: Camden House Press). ISBN 978-1-5711-3303-8. OL 8730421M. Scribner, Robert W.; Ogilvie, Sheilagh C., 편집. (1996). 《Germany: A New Social and Economic History》. London: Arnold Publication. ISBN 978-0-3405-1332-3.
        예시: Eley, Geoff (1980). 《Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change After Bismarck》. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-3000-2386-3. OCLC 5353122. OL 4416729M. ; Evans 2005; Evans, Richard J. (1978). 《Society and politics in Wilhelmine Germany》. London and New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-06-492036-4. OCLC 3934998. OL 21299242M. ; Nipperdey 1996; Sperber 1984. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). 《Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). 《Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        예시: Llobera & Goldsmiths' College 1996; (독일어) Alexandre Escudier, Brigitte Sauzay, and Rudolf von Thadden. Gedenken im Zwiespalt: Konfliktlinien europäischen Erinnerns, Genshagener Gespräche; vol. 4. Göttingen: 2001 Llobera, Josep R.; Goldsmiths' College (1996). 《The role of historical memory in (ethno)nation-building》. 《Goldsmiths Sociology Papers》 (London: Goldsmiths College). ISBN 978-0-9029-8606-0. OL 17517779M.
        Sperber 1984. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). 《Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). 《Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        Kaplan 1991. Kaplan, Marion (1991). 《The Making of the Jewish Middle Class: Women, Family, and Identity in Imperial Germany》. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1950-9396-4. OL 7387583M.
        Kaplan 1991, in particular, pp. 4–7 and Conclusion. Kaplan, Marion (1991). 《The Making of the Jewish Middle Class: Women, Family, and Identity in Imperial Germany》. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1950-9396-4. OL 7387583M.
        Friedrich, Karin (2000). 《The Other Prussia: Royal Prussia, Poland and Liberty, 1569–1772》. New York: Cambridge University Press. 5쪽. ISBN 978-0-5210-2775-5. OL 7714437M.
        예시: Koshar, Rudy (1998). 《Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and the National Memory in the Twentieth Century》. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4701-5. OCLC 45729918. OL 689805M. ; Kohn, Hans (1954). 《German History; Some New German Views》. Boston: Beacon. OCLC 987529. OL 24208090M. ; Nipperdey 1996. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
        Llobera & Goldsmiths' College 1996. Llobera, Josep R.; Goldsmiths' College (1996). 《The role of historical memory in (ethno)nation-building》. 《Goldsmiths Sociology Papers》 (London: Goldsmiths College). ISBN 978-0-9029-8606-0. OL 17517779M.

ox.ac.uk

nuff.ox.ac.uk

Ploeckl, Florian (August 2010). “The Zollverein and the Formation of a Customs Union” (PDF). 《Economic and Social History Series, Nuffield College, Oxford, Nuffield College》 (Discussion Paper 84): 23.

pitt.edu

“The Brothers Grimm online”. 《Grimm Brothers' Home Page》. 2023년 4월 27일에 확인함.

princeton.edu

press.princeton.edu

Blackbourn & Eley 1984, Part 1; Nipperdey 1996, Chapter 1. Blackbourn, David; Eley, Geoff (1984). 《The Peculiarities of German History: Bourgeois Society and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1987-3057-6. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
Nipperdey 1996, 1–3쪽. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.
예시: Eley, Geoff (1980). 《Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change After Bismarck》. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-3000-2386-3. OCLC 5353122. OL 4416729M. ; Evans 2005; Evans, Richard J. (1978). 《Society and politics in Wilhelmine Germany》. London and New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-06-492036-4. OCLC 3934998. OL 21299242M. ; Nipperdey 1996; Sperber 1984. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). 《Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
- 예시: Koshar, Rudy (1998). 《Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and the National Memory in the Twentieth Century》. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4701-5. OCLC 45729918. OL 689805M. ; Kohn, Hans (1954). 《German History; Some New German Views》. Boston: Beacon. OCLC 987529. OL 24208090M. ; Nipperdey 1996. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History틀:Nonspecific, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). 《Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918》. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 10–14쪽. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M. ; Krieger 1957; Grew & Bien 1978, 312–345쪽; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). 《Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe》. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M. ; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). “German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg”. 《Journal of Contemporary History》 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458. ; Berghahn, Volker (1982). 《Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1957). 《The German Idea of Freedom》. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). 《Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.

web.archive.org

Heather, Peter. “Germany: Ancient History”. 《Encyclopædia Britannica Online》. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. 2019년 3월 31일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2020년 11월 21일에 확인함. Within the boundaries of present-day Germany... Germanic peoples such as the eastern Franks, Frisians, Saxons, Thuringians, Alemanni, and Bavarians—all speaking West Germanic dialects—had merged Germanic and borrowed Roman cultural features. It was among these groups that a German language and ethnic identity would gradually develop during the Middle Ages.

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

Winkler 2002, 122쪽.

worldcat.org

Gagliardo 1980, 11-12쪽. Gagliardo, John G. (1980). 《Reich and Nation. The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806》. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-2531-6773-6. OCLC 5563434. OL 22078286M.
Vann, James Allen (1975). 《The Swabian Kreis: Institutional Growth in the Holy Roman Empire 1648–1715》. Studies Presented to International Commission for the History of Representative and Parliamentary Institutions LII. Bruxelles. OCLC 2276157. OL 4590654M. ; Walker, Mack (1998). 《German Home Towns: Community, State, and General Estate, 1648–1871》. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-8508-4. OL 466977M.
Gagliardo 1980, 278–279쪽. Gagliardo, John G. (1980). 《Reich and Nation. The Holy Roman Empire as Idea and Reality, 1763–1806》. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-2531-6773-6. OCLC 5563434. OL 22078286M.
Walter, Jakob (1996). Raeff, Marc, 편집. 《The diary of a Napoleonic foot soldier》. Windrush Press. ISBN 0-9000-7537-6. OCLC 59977347. OL 20208714M.
Sheehan 1989, 398–410쪽; Scott, Hamish M. (2006). 《The Birth of a Great Power System》. London & New York: Longman. 329–361쪽. ISBN 978-0-5822-1717-1. OCLC 889270087. OL 3311839M. . Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M.
Berenger, Jean (1997). 《A History of the Habsburg Empire 1700–1918》. 번역 Simpson, C.A. New York: Longman. 96–97쪽. ISBN 978-0-5820-9007-1. OCLC 891447020. OL 7879682M. .
Namier, Lewis (1952). 《Avenues of History》. New York: Macmillan. 34쪽. OCLC 422057575. OL 6114891M.
See, e.g.: Ralf Dahrendorf, German History틀:Nonspecific, (1968), pp. 25–32; Wehler, Hans-Ulrich (1973). 《Das Deutsche Kaiserreich, 1871–1918》. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 10–14쪽. ISBN 3-5253-3340-4. OCLC 873428. OL 23130743M. ; Krieger 1957; Grew & Bien 1978, 312–345쪽; Kocka, Jürgen; Mitchell, Allan (1993). 《Bourgeois Society in Nineteenth Century Europe》. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8549-6414-7. OL 8300088M. ; Kocka, Jürgen (January 1988). “German History before Hitler: The Debate about the German Sonderweg”. 《Journal of Contemporary History》 23 (1): 3–16. doi:10.1177/002200948802300101. JSTOR 260865. S2CID 159651458. ; Berghahn, Volker (1982). 《Modern Germany: Society, Economy and Politics in the Twentieth Century》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-5213-4748-8. OL 2382839M. Krieger, Leonard (1957). 《The German Idea of Freedom》. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-2264-5347-7. OL 4125447W. Grew, Raymond; Bien, David D. (1978). 《Crises of Political Development in Europe and the United States》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-6910-7598-0. OL 4740623M.
Holt & Chilton 1917, 27쪽. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). 《The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War》. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
Holt & Chilton 1917, 13–14쪽. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). 《The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War》. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
Sheehan 1989, 900–904쪽; Wawro 1996, 4–32쪽; Holt & Chilton 1917, 75쪽 Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
- Holt & Chilton 1917, 75쪽. Holt, Lucious Hudson; Chilton, Alexander Wheeler (1917). 《The History of Europe from 1862–1914: From the Accession of Bismarck to the Outbreak of the Great War》. New York: MacMillan. OCLC 1115959. OL 6604098M.
- Sheehan 1989, 96쪽; Wawro 1996, 82–84쪽. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
  - Wawro 1996, 50–60, 75–79쪽. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
    - Wawro 1996, 57–75쪽. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
      - Sheehan 1989, 909–910쪽; Wawro 1996, Chapter 11. Sheehan, James J. (1989). 《German History 1770–1866》. Oxford History of Modern Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1982-0432-9. OL 7397485M. Wawro, Geoffrey (1996). 《The Austro-Prussian War》. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-6059-4. OL 813265M.
        — (2003). 《The Franco-Prussian War: The German Conquest of France》. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-5215-8436-1. OCLC 51305920. OL 3566186M. )
        예시: Eley, Geoff (1980). 《Reshaping the German Right: Radical Nationalism and Political Change After Bismarck》. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-3000-2386-3. OCLC 5353122. OL 4416729M. ; Evans 2005; Evans, Richard J. (1978). 《Society and politics in Wilhelmine Germany》. London and New York: Barnes & Noble. ISBN 0-06-492036-4. OCLC 3934998. OL 21299242M. ; Nipperdey 1996; Sperber 1984. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). 《Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). 《Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        Sperber 1984. Sperber, Jonathan (1984). 《Popular Catholicism in Nineteenth-Century Germany》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-5432-2. OCLC 10559169. OL 2867289M.
        — (1993). 《Rhineland Radicals: The Democratic Movement and the Revolution of 1848–1849》. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6910-0866-0.
        예시: Koshar, Rudy (1998). 《Germany's Transient Pasts: Preservation and the National Memory in the Twentieth Century》. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4701-5. OCLC 45729918. OL 689805M. ; Kohn, Hans (1954). 《German History; Some New German Views》. Boston: Beacon. OCLC 987529. OL 24208090M. ; Nipperdey 1996. Nipperdey, Thomas (1996). 《Germany from Napoleon to Bismarck, 1800–1866》. 번역 Nolan, Daniel. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-6916-3611-5. OL 1273142M.

zum.de

(독일어) Badische Heimat/Landeskunde online 2006 Veit's Pauls Church Germania. Retrieved 5 June 2009.