렉싱턴 콩코드 전투 (Korean Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "렉싱턴 콩코드 전투" in Korean language version.

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Chidsey, p. 29, estimates the colonial force at 500 by the time the confrontation occurred at the North Bridge. Coburn, pp. 80–81, counts about 300 specifically, plus several uncounted companies. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Chidsey, p. 6. This is the total size of Smith's force. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813.
Coburn, p. 77 and other sources indicate "three companies". Chidsey, p. 28 gives a company size "nominally of 28". Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813.
Chidsey, p. 47, cites all casualty figures except missing-in-action. Coburn, pp. 156–159, cites by town and name the American losses, and by company the British losses, including missing-in-action (from Gage's report). Chidsey, Coburn, and Fischer disagree on some American counts: Chidsey and Fischer count 39 wounded, Coburn says 42. Fischer, pp. 320–321, also records 50 American killed-in-action, in contrast to Chidsey and Coburn's 49. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Beck, pp. 29–32 Beck, Derek W. (2015). 《Igniting the American Revolution: 1773-1775》. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4926-1395-4.
Beck, pp. 44–49 Beck, Derek W. (2015). 《Igniting the American Revolution: 1773-1775》. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4926-1395-4.
Fred Anderson, A People's Army, and John Shy, "A New Look at Colonial Militias", pp. 29–41 Anderson, Fred (1984). 《A People's Army: Massachusetts Soldiers & Society in the Seven Years War》. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-4576-9. Shy, John (1990). 《A People Numerous & Armed》. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-06431-1.
Moore, p. 62. Moore, Frank (1876). 《The Diary of the Revolution: A Centennial Volume》. Hartford, CT: J.B. Burr Publishing.
Ward, p. 40. Ward, Christopher (2011). 《The War of the Revolution》. New York: Skyhorse Publishing. ISBN 978-1-61608-080-8.
Borneman, p. 126. Borneman, Walter R. (2014). 《American Spring: Lexington, Concord, and the Road to Revolution》. New York: Little Brown & Company. ISBN 978-0-316-22102-3.
Benjamin Quarles, p. 10. Quarles, Benjamin (1996). 《The Negro in the American Revolution》. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 0-8078-4603-1.
Both the British and the local militias were armed with smooth-bore muskets that had an effective range of aimed fire of only 80–100 yards (75–90 m), although the musket ball could have serious effect at a greater distance, if it happened by chance to hit a person. There is no record that any soldiers on either side were armed with longer-range, more accurate rifles. Dr. Benjamin Church, a member of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and the Committee of Safety, informed General Gage in March 1775, that the colonial militiamen "from their adroitness in the habitual use of the firelock suppose themselves sure of their mark at a distance of 200 rods". Even if Church meant yards rather than rods (600 feet versus 3300 feet), it is unclear whether he was profoundly ignorant of the capabilities of a musket, was exaggerating in order to mislead Gage (as Church later claimed when accused of being a spy), or was ridiculing the American militiamen. See Philbrick, p. 92, and French, 1925, pp. 57–58. On whether Church was a spy, see French, General Gage's Informers, 1932. Chapter V,, pp. 147–201. Philbrick, Nathaniel (2013). 《Bunker Hill》. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-02544-2. French, Allen (1925). 《The Day of Concord and Lexington》. 보스턴: Little, Brown & Co. ISBN 9780598832825.
French, 1925, pp. 211–213, 216, and Lister, Concord Fight, Being So Much of the Narrative of Ensign Jeremy Lister of the 10th Regiment of Foot. French, Allen (1925). 《The Day of Concord and Lexington》. 보스턴: Little, Brown & Co. ISBN 9780598832825. Lister, Jeremy (1931). 《Concord fight, being so much of the narrative of Ensign Jeremy Lister of the 10th regiment of foot as pertains to his services on the 19th of April, 1775, and to his experiences in Boston during the early months of the siege》. 케임브리지, Massachusetts: 하버드 대학교 출판부.
Beck, p. 201. Beck, Derek W. (2015). 《Igniting the American Revolution: 1773-1775》. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4926-1395-4.
Beck, p. 205. Beck, Derek W. (2015). 《Igniting the American Revolution: 1773-1775》. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4926-1395-4.
Borneman, p. 216. Borneman, Walter R. (2014). 《American Spring: Lexington, Concord, and the Road to Revolution》. New York: Little Brown & Company. ISBN 978-0-316-22102-3.

battlefields.org (Global: 9,632^nd place; Korean: low place)

[1] American Battlefield Trust "Saved Land" webpage. Accessed May 22, 2018.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; Korean: 9^th place)

The exact number of militia on the Lexington common when the clash occurred is a matter of debate. Coburn, pp. 165–167, identifies 77 individuals by name who mustered for the encounter, but he also notes that no official roll was ever submitted to the Provincial Congress. Fischer, pp. 183, 400, cites contemporaneous accounts and those of other historians that put the number between 50 and 70 militia, but notes that Sylvanus Wood, in an account taken 50 years later, recalled only counting 38 militia. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Chidsey, p. 29, estimates the colonial force at 500 by the time the confrontation occurred at the North Bridge. Coburn, pp. 80–81, counts about 300 specifically, plus several uncounted companies. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
The peak strength of militias that massed around the British column on April 19 is uncertain. Many of the militiamen who joined the battle at various locations during the day continued to follow the British column all the way to Charlestown, but some also dropped out and returned home. Coburn located muster rolls for 79 militia and minute companies engaged that day, listing 3,960 officers and soldiers in all. But there are no tallies for six of these companies, and some units known to be present during the day (such as the Lincoln militia company) are not included at all. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Coburn, p. 64. This force is six light infantry companies under Pitcairn. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Coburn, p. 77 and other sources indicate "three companies". Chidsey, p. 28 gives a company size "nominally of 28". Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813.
Coburn, p. 114 gives the size of Percy's force at 1,000. This count reflects that estimate plus the departing strength, less casualties. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Chidsey, p. 47, cites all casualty figures except missing-in-action. Coburn, pp. 156–159, cites by town and name the American losses, and by company the British losses, including missing-in-action (from Gage's report). Chidsey, Coburn, and Fischer disagree on some American counts: Chidsey and Fischer count 39 wounded, Coburn says 42. Fischer, pp. 320–321, also records 50 American killed-in-action, in contrast to Chidsey and Coburn's 49. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 26. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 27. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 51 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Journals of the House of Commons, Volume 35, February 6, 1775, p. 99 《Journals of the House of Commons, Volume 35》. 1775.
Fischer, pp. 75–76 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 89. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 85. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 80–85 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, p. 51 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Tourtellot, pp. 71–72 (colonists have intelligence in late March) & p. 87 (Gage receives instructions April 16) Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Tourtellot, p. 70 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, p. 87. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 96 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 138–145 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Frothingham, p. 60 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Frothingham, p. 58 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Tourtellot, pp. 105–107 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, pp. 70, 121 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, pp. 109–115 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, pp. 127–128 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 400 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 153 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 151. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, A pp. 116–126. Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, pp. 43, 75–86. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Coburn, p. 63 Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Isaiah Thomas deposition Massachusetts Provincial Congress (1775). 《A Narrative of the Excursion and Ravages of the King's Troops》. 우스터: Isaiah Thomas.
Tourtellot, p. 123 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, pp. 189–190 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 190–191. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 191–194. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 193 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer discusses the shot on pp. 193–194, with detailed footnotes on the later testimony on pp. 399–403. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 194–195 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 198–200 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, p. 152 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Tourtellot, p. 154 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Frothingham, p. 67 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Fischer, p. 215 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer p. 207 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, pp. 155–158. Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, p. 208 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 209 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 209–212 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 212 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, pp. 165–166 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, p. 214 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 214–215 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 216 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, pp. 166–168 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Muster rolls for the militia and minute companies converging at this point are included in Coburn, pp. 7–35. However, as Coburn notes, these rolls are not a complete tally of the militiamen present, because some muster lists were either not submitted or have not been found in archives. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Both the British and the local militias were armed with smooth-bore muskets that had an effective range of aimed fire of only 80–100 yards (75–90 m), although the musket ball could have serious effect at a greater distance, if it happened by chance to hit a person. There is no record that any soldiers on either side were armed with longer-range, more accurate rifles. Dr. Benjamin Church, a member of the Massachusetts Provincial Congress and the Committee of Safety, informed General Gage in March 1775, that the colonial militiamen "from their adroitness in the habitual use of the firelock suppose themselves sure of their mark at a distance of 200 rods". Even if Church meant yards rather than rods (600 feet versus 3300 feet), it is unclear whether he was profoundly ignorant of the capabilities of a musket, was exaggerating in order to mislead Gage (as Church later claimed when accused of being a spy), or was ridiculing the American militiamen. See Philbrick, p. 92, and French, 1925, pp. 57–58. On whether Church was a spy, see French, General Gage's Informers, 1932. Chapter V,, pp. 147–201. Philbrick, Nathaniel (2013). 《Bunker Hill》. New York: Viking. ISBN 978-0-670-02544-2. French, Allen (1925). 《The Day of Concord and Lexington》. 보스턴: Little, Brown & Co. ISBN 9780598832825.
French, 1925, pp. 211–213, 216, and Lister, Concord Fight, Being So Much of the Narrative of Ensign Jeremy Lister of the 10th Regiment of Foot. French, Allen (1925). 《The Day of Concord and Lexington》. 보스턴: Little, Brown & Co. ISBN 9780598832825. Lister, Jeremy (1931). 《Concord fight, being so much of the narrative of Ensign Jeremy Lister of the 10th regiment of foot as pertains to his services on the 19th of April, 1775, and to his experiences in Boston during the early months of the siege》. 케임브리지, Massachusetts: 하버드 대학교 출판부.
Fischer, pp. 408–409. Fischer notes conflicting accounts of which militia companies and the number of militiamen who were engaged. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 224. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer notes on p. 409, "This is not correctly called the Bloody Angle, an error term introduced after the Civil War that is both inaccurate and anachronistic. It has been used uncritically by many historians of the battle and is perpetuated by the National Park Service." The Interim Report of the Boston National Historic Sites Commission, submitted to Congress in 1958 in support of legislation that established the Minute Man National Historical Park, asserted that: "Fittingly, this curving section of the road was soon to be named 'The Bloody Angle'." (p. 47; emphasis added). However, there is no evidence that the term Bloody Angle was ever used by the battle participants or local residents following April 19, 1775, nor did historians use the term prior to the mid-20th century. See Boston National Historic Sites Commission, The Lexington-Concord Battle Road: Interim Report. June 16, 1958. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 226–227 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 232. According to one British officer, ammunition had been wasted earlier in the day out of "too great eagerness of the soldiers in the first action of a war. Most were young soldiers who had never been in action and had been taught that every thing was to be effected by a quick firing. This ineffectual fire gave the rebels more confidence, as they soon found that notwithstanding there was so much [firing], they suffered but little from it." Lt. Frederick Mackenzie, 23rd Royal Welch Fusiliers, Diary of Frederick Mackenzie, in Allen French, editor, A British Fusilier in Revolutionary Boston, Cambridge, 1926. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 410–411. Fischer notes conflicting accounts about where this ambush—now sometimes referred to as "Parker's Revenge"—took place, whether within Lincoln or Lexington. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Coburn, pp. 106–107 Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Ensign Henry De Berniere, "Report to General Gage on April 19, 1775", quoted in Fischer, pp. 231–232 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 232. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, pp. 184–185 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Tourtellot, p. 185. Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, pp. 241–242. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 243–244 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 245–246 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 250–251 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, p. 197. Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Fischer, p. 258 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 258–260 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 261 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Tourtellot, p. 203 Tourtellot, Arthur B (1959). 《Lexington and Concord》. New York City: 노턴. ISBN 0-393-00194-6.
Frothingham, pp. 100–101 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Fischer, p. 265 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 275–276. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 263 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 279 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, p. 280 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 327–328 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 329 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 331–333 Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Fischer, pp. 336–338. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Concord Centennial Celebration Report Emerson, Ralph Waldo; Curtis, George William (1875). 《Proceedings at the Centennial Celebration of Concord Fight, April 19, 1875》. Town of Concord. ISBN 9781425514518. OCLC 4363293.

concordma.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Ryan, D. Michael (May 1999), “The Concord Fight and a Fearless Isaac Davis”, 《Concord Magazine》, OCLC 40411333, 2006년 8월 22일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서

fold3.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Journals of the Continental Congress, pp. 26–44. Images of the original depositions can be found at http://www.fold3.com/image/474129/ 《Journals of the Continental Congress, Vol. II, May 10–September 20, 1775》. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. 1905.

lexingtonminutemen.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

“Captain Parker's Company of Militia”. 《The Lexington Minute Men》. 2019년 8월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2018년 4월 12일에 확인함.

loc.gov (Global: 70^th place; Korean: 157^th place)

memory.loc.gov

Deposition of Elijah Sanderson, April 25, 1775; Deposition of Thomas Price Willard, April 23, 1775; Journals of the Continental Congress, May 11, 1775. 《Journals of the Continental Congress, Vol. II, May 10–September 20, 1775》. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. 1905.
Journals of the Continental Congress, pp. 26–44. Images of the original depositions can be found at http://www.fold3.com/image/474129/ 《Journals of the Continental Congress, Vol. II, May 10–September 20, 1775》. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. 1905.

maine.gov (Global: 7,244^th place; Korean: low place)

Maine Legal Holidays “Maine Legal Holidays”. 《Human Resources Policy and Practices Manual》. Maine Bureau of Human Resources. 2009년 2월 21일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 2월 25일에 확인함.

masshist.org (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Paul Revere, Letter to Jeremy Belknap, January 1798, and Paul Revere, Deposition, April 1775. Revere, Paul (1798). 《Letter to Jeremy Belknap of January, 1798》. Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society. Revere, Paul (1775). 《Deposition of April 1775》. Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society.
Paul Revere, Deposition of April 1775. Revere, Paul (1775). 《Deposition of April 1775》. Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society.

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“Lexington”. Naval History and Heritage Command. 2025년 5월 18일에 확인함.

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“Guide to the Reenactments of the Battles of Lexington and Concord (2025)”. New England and Beyond. 2025년 5월 19일에 확인함.

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“In Provincial Congress / Concord, March 24, 1775”. 《The Virginia Gazette》 (Williamsburg, Virginia). 1775년 4월 21일. 15면.

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nps.gov

Martha Moulton deposition Moulton, Martha. “Martha Moulton's testimony and reward, 4 Feb 1776” (PDF). 미국 국립공원관리청. 2008년 2월 16일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2007년 12월 21일에 확인함.
Emerson, Ralph Waldo (1837). “Emerson's Concord Hymn”. 미국 국립공원관리청. 2008년 7월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 10월 2일에 확인함.
Minuteman National Historical Park Things To Do “Minute Man NHP Things To Do”. National Park Service. 2008년 12월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 11월 3일에 확인함.

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“Lexington Green”. National Park Service. 2025년 5월 18일에 확인함.

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The New York Times on Ford's appearance Kifner, John (1975년 4월 20일). “160,000 Mark Two 1775 Battles; Concord Protesters Jeer Ford”. 《뉴욕 타임스》.

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Massachusetts Legal Holidays “Massachusetts Legal Holidays”. 《Citizen Information Service》. Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. 2009년 2월 25일에 확인함.

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Time, April 25, 1974. “None”. 《타임》. 1975년 4월 28일. 2008년 12월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 4월 11일에 확인함.

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The American Presidency Project. Ford, Gerald R. (1975년 4월 19일). “Remarks at the Old North Bridge, Concord, Massachusetts”. The American Presidency Project. 2008년 9월 28일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 9월 22일에 확인함.

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“Captain Parker's Company of Militia”. 《The Lexington Minute Men》. 2019년 8월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2018년 4월 12일에 확인함.
Nafziger, George, "Battle of Concord 19 April 1775". United States Army Combined Arms Center.
Martha Moulton deposition Moulton, Martha. “Martha Moulton's testimony and reward, 4 Feb 1776” (PDF). 미국 국립공원관리청. 2008년 2월 16일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2007년 12월 21일에 확인함.
Ryan, D. Michael (May 1999), “The Concord Fight and a Fearless Isaac Davis”, 《Concord Magazine》, OCLC 40411333, 2006년 8월 22일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서
Emerson, Ralph Waldo (1837). “Emerson's Concord Hymn”. 미국 국립공원관리청. 2008년 7월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 10월 2일에 확인함.
Minuteman National Historical Park Things To Do “Minute Man NHP Things To Do”. National Park Service. 2008년 12월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 11월 3일에 확인함.
Department of the Army, Lineage and Honors, 125th Quartermaster Company 보관됨 8월 19, 2012 - 웨이백 머신
Maine Legal Holidays “Maine Legal Holidays”. 《Human Resources Policy and Practices Manual》. Maine Bureau of Human Resources. 2009년 2월 21일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 2월 25일에 확인함.
Wisconsin School Observance Days “Wisconsin Public School Observance Days”. Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. 2009년 2월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 2월 25일에 확인함.
Time, April 25, 1974. “None”. 《타임》. 1975년 4월 28일. 2008년 12월 9일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 4월 11일에 확인함.
The American Presidency Project. Ford, Gerald R. (1975년 4월 19일). “Remarks at the Old North Bridge, Concord, Massachusetts”. The American Presidency Project. 2008년 9월 28일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 9월 22일에 확인함.

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dpi.wi.gov

Wisconsin School Observance Days “Wisconsin Public School Observance Days”. Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction. 2009년 2월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 2월 25일에 확인함.

worldcat.org (Global: 5^th place; Korean: 11^th place)

The exact number of militia on the Lexington common when the clash occurred is a matter of debate. Coburn, pp. 165–167, identifies 77 individuals by name who mustered for the encounter, but he also notes that no official roll was ever submitted to the Provincial Congress. Fischer, pp. 183, 400, cites contemporaneous accounts and those of other historians that put the number between 50 and 70 militia, but notes that Sylvanus Wood, in an account taken 50 years later, recalled only counting 38 militia. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Chidsey, p. 29, estimates the colonial force at 500 by the time the confrontation occurred at the North Bridge. Coburn, pp. 80–81, counts about 300 specifically, plus several uncounted companies. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
The peak strength of militias that massed around the British column on April 19 is uncertain. Many of the militiamen who joined the battle at various locations during the day continued to follow the British column all the way to Charlestown, but some also dropped out and returned home. Coburn located muster rolls for 79 militia and minute companies engaged that day, listing 3,960 officers and soldiers in all. But there are no tallies for six of these companies, and some units known to be present during the day (such as the Lincoln militia company) are not included at all. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Chidsey, p. 6. This is the total size of Smith's force. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813.
Coburn, p. 64. This force is six light infantry companies under Pitcairn. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Coburn, p. 77 and other sources indicate "three companies". Chidsey, p. 28 gives a company size "nominally of 28". Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813.
Coburn, p. 114 gives the size of Percy's force at 1,000. This count reflects that estimate plus the departing strength, less casualties. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Chidsey, p. 47, cites all casualty figures except missing-in-action. Coburn, pp. 156–159, cites by town and name the American losses, and by company the British losses, including missing-in-action (from Gage's report). Chidsey, Coburn, and Fischer disagree on some American counts: Chidsey and Fischer count 39 wounded, Coburn says 42. Fischer, pp. 320–321, also records 50 American killed-in-action, in contrast to Chidsey and Coburn's 49. Chidsey, Donald Barr (1966). 《The Siege of Boston: An on-the-scene Account of the Beginning of the American Revolution》. New York: Crown. OCLC 890813. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350. Fischer, David Hackett (1994). 《Paul Revere's Ride》. 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 US. ISBN 0-19-508847-6. This book is extensively footnoted, and contains a voluminous list of primary resources concerning all aspects of these events.
Frothingham, p. 60 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Frothingham, p. 58 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Coburn, p. 63 Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
John Barker's Diary, p. 32 Dana, Elizabeth Ellery (1924). 《The British in Boston: Being the Diary of Lieutenant John Barker of the King's Own Regiment from November 15, 1774 to May 31, 1776》. 케임브리지, Massachusetts: 하버드 대학교 출판부. OCLC 3235993.
Frothingham, p. 67 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Ryan, D. Michael (May 1999), “The Concord Fight and a Fearless Isaac Davis”, 《Concord Magazine》, OCLC 40411333, 2006년 8월 22일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서
Muster rolls for the militia and minute companies converging at this point are included in Coburn, pp. 7–35. However, as Coburn notes, these rolls are not a complete tally of the militiamen present, because some muster lists were either not submitted or have not been found in archives. Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Coburn, pp. 106–107 Coburn, Frank Warren (1922). 《The Battle of April 19, 1775: In Lexington, Concord, Lincoln, Arlington, Cambridge, Somerville, and Charlestown, Massachusetts: Second Edition Revised and with Additions》. The Lexington historical society. OCLC 2494350.
Hurd, p. 181 Hurd, Duane Hamilton (1890). 《History of Middlesex County, Massachusetts, Volume 1: With Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men》. J. W. Lewis & co. OCLC 2155461.
Frothingham, pp. 100–101 Frothingham, Richard Jr. (1903). 《History of the Siege of Boston and of the Battles of Lexington, Concord, and Bunker Hill》. Little and Brown. OCLC 221368703.
Concord Centennial Celebration Report Emerson, Ralph Waldo; Curtis, George William (1875). 《Proceedings at the Centennial Celebration of Concord Fight, April 19, 1875》. Town of Concord. ISBN 9781425514518. OCLC 4363293.

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