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Simonoff E, Elander J, Holmshaw J, Pickles A, Murray R, Rutter M (February 2004). “Predictors of antisocial personality. Continuities from childhood to adult life”. 《The British Journal of Psychiatry: The Journal of Mental Science》 184: 118–27. doi:10.1192/bjp.184.2.118. PMID14754823.
Azeredo A, Moreira D, Figueiredo P, Barbosa F (December 2019). “Delinquent Behavior: Systematic Review of Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors”. 《Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review》 22 (4): 502–526. doi:10.1007/s10567-019-00298-w. PMID31367800.
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Krasnova A, Eaton WW, Samuels JF (May 2019). “Antisocial personality and risks of cause-specific mortality: results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study with 27 years of follow-up”. 《Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology》 54 (5): 617–625. doi:10.1007/s00127-018-1628-5. PMID30506390. S2CID54221869.
Krasnova A, Eaton WW, Samuels JF (May 2019). “Antisocial personality and risks of cause-specific mortality: results from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area study with 27 years of follow-up”. 《Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology》 54 (5): 617–625. doi:10.1007/s00127-018-1628-5. PMID30506390. S2CID54221869.