Hursthouse, M. B.; Nathani, S. C.; Moss, G. P. (2004). “CSD Entry: CARTEN02”. 《Cambridge Structural Database: Access Structures》 (Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre). doi:10.5517/cc8j3mh. 2022년 7월 9일에 확인함.
Senge, Mathias O.; Hope, Häkon; Smith, Kevin M. (1992). “Structure and Conformation of Photosynthetic Pigments and Related Compounds 3. Crystal Structure of β-Carotene”. 《Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C》 47 (5–6): 474–476. doi:10.1515/znc-1992-0623. S2CID100905826.다음 글자 무시됨: ‘Z. Naturforsch. C ’ (도움말)
Karrer P, Helfenstein A, Wehrli H (1930). “Pflanzenfarbstoffe XXV. Über die Konstitution des Lycopins und Carotins”. 《Helvetica Chimica Acta》 13 (5): 1084–1099. doi:10.1002/hlca.19300130532.
Mercadante AZ, Steck A, Pfander H (January 1999). “Carotenoids from guava (Psidium guajava l.): isolation and structure elucidation”. 《Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry》 47 (1): 145–51. doi:10.1021/jf980405r. PMID10563863.
Biesalski HK, Chichili GR, Frank J, von Lintig J, Nohr D (2007). 〈Conversion of β‐Carotene to Retinal Pigment〉. 《Conversion of β-carotene to retinal pigment》. Vitamins & Hormones 75. 117–30쪽. doi:10.1016/S0083-6729(06)75005-1. ISBN978-0-12-709875-3. PMID17368314.
Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients (2001). 《Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc》. (free download): National Academy Press. doi:10.17226/10026. ISBN978-0-309-07279-3. PMID25057538. S2CID44243659.
Koushik A, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, Anderson KE, Buring JE, Freudenheim JL, 외. (November 2006). “Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies”. 《International Journal of Cancer》 119 (9): 2148–54. doi:10.1002/ijc.22076. PMID16823847. S2CID22948131.
Kidmose U, Edelenbos M, Christensen LP, Hegelund E (October 2005). “Chromatographic determination of changes in pigments in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) during processing”. 《Journal of Chromatographic Science》 43 (9): 466–72. doi:10.1093/chromsci/43.9.466. PMID16212792.
Leo MA, Lieber CS (June 1999). “Alcohol, vitamin A, and beta-carotene: adverse interactions, including hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity”. 《The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 69 (6): 1071–85. doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.6.1071. PMID10357725.
Tanvetyanon T, Bepler G (July 2008). “Beta-carotene in multivitamins and the possible risk of lung cancer among smokers versus former smokers: a meta-analysis and evaluation of national brands”. 《Cancer》 113 (1): 150–7. doi:10.1002/cncr.23527. PMID18429004. S2CID33827601.
Hurst JS, Saini MK, Jin GF, Awasthi YC, van Kuijk FJ (August 2005). “Toxicity of oxidized beta-carotene to cultured human cells”. 《Experimental Eye Research》 81 (2): 239–43. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.04.002. PMID15967438.
Alija AJ, Bresgen N, Sommerburg O, Siems W, Eckl PM (May 2004). “Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of beta-carotene breakdown products on primary rat hepatocytes”. 《Carcinogenesis》 25 (5): 827–31. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh056. PMID14688018.
Druesne-Pecollo N, Latino-Martel P, Norat T, Barrandon E, Bertrais S, Galan P, Hercberg S (July 2010). “Beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials”. 《International Journal of Cancer》 127 (1): 172–84. doi:10.1002/ijc.25008. PMID19876916. S2CID24850769.
Russell RM (January 2004). “The enigma of beta-carotene in carcinogenesis: what can be learned from animal studies”. 《The Journal of Nutrition》 134 (1): 262S–268S. doi:10.1093/jn/134.1.262S. PMID14704331.
Zhang LR, Sawka AM, Adams L, Hatfield N, Hung RJ (March 2013). “Vitamin and mineral supplements and thyroid cancer: a systematic review”. 《European Journal of Cancer Prevention》 22 (2): 158–68. doi:10.1097/cej.0b013e32835849b0. PMID22926510. S2CID35660646.
Cui YH, Jing CX, Pan HW (September 2013). “Association of blood antioxidants and vitamins with risk of age-related cataract: a meta-analysis of observational studies”. 《The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 98 (3): 778–86. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.053835. PMID23842458.
Mercadante AZ, Steck A, Pfander H (January 1999). “Carotenoids from guava (Psidium guajava l.): isolation and structure elucidation”. 《Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry》 47 (1): 145–51. doi:10.1021/jf980405r. PMID10563863.
Biesalski HK, Chichili GR, Frank J, von Lintig J, Nohr D (2007). 〈Conversion of β‐Carotene to Retinal Pigment〉. 《Conversion of β-carotene to retinal pigment》. Vitamins & Hormones 75. 117–30쪽. doi:10.1016/S0083-6729(06)75005-1. ISBN978-0-12-709875-3. PMID17368314.
Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients (2001). 《Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc》. (free download): National Academy Press. doi:10.17226/10026. ISBN978-0-309-07279-3. PMID25057538. S2CID44243659.
Koushik A, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, Anderson KE, Buring JE, Freudenheim JL, 외. (November 2006). “Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies”. 《International Journal of Cancer》 119 (9): 2148–54. doi:10.1002/ijc.22076. PMID16823847. S2CID22948131.
Kidmose U, Edelenbos M, Christensen LP, Hegelund E (October 2005). “Chromatographic determination of changes in pigments in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) during processing”. 《Journal of Chromatographic Science》 43 (9): 466–72. doi:10.1093/chromsci/43.9.466. PMID16212792.
Leo MA, Lieber CS (June 1999). “Alcohol, vitamin A, and beta-carotene: adverse interactions, including hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity”. 《The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 69 (6): 1071–85. doi:10.1093/ajcn/69.6.1071. PMID10357725.
Tanvetyanon T, Bepler G (July 2008). “Beta-carotene in multivitamins and the possible risk of lung cancer among smokers versus former smokers: a meta-analysis and evaluation of national brands”. 《Cancer》 113 (1): 150–7. doi:10.1002/cncr.23527. PMID18429004. S2CID33827601.
Hurst JS, Saini MK, Jin GF, Awasthi YC, van Kuijk FJ (August 2005). “Toxicity of oxidized beta-carotene to cultured human cells”. 《Experimental Eye Research》 81 (2): 239–43. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2005.04.002. PMID15967438.
Alija AJ, Bresgen N, Sommerburg O, Siems W, Eckl PM (May 2004). “Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of beta-carotene breakdown products on primary rat hepatocytes”. 《Carcinogenesis》 25 (5): 827–31. doi:10.1093/carcin/bgh056. PMID14688018.
Druesne-Pecollo N, Latino-Martel P, Norat T, Barrandon E, Bertrais S, Galan P, Hercberg S (July 2010). “Beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials”. 《International Journal of Cancer》 127 (1): 172–84. doi:10.1002/ijc.25008. PMID19876916. S2CID24850769.
Russell RM (January 2004). “The enigma of beta-carotene in carcinogenesis: what can be learned from animal studies”. 《The Journal of Nutrition》 134 (1): 262S–268S. doi:10.1093/jn/134.1.262S. PMID14704331.
Zhang LR, Sawka AM, Adams L, Hatfield N, Hung RJ (March 2013). “Vitamin and mineral supplements and thyroid cancer: a systematic review”. 《European Journal of Cancer Prevention》 22 (2): 158–68. doi:10.1097/cej.0b013e32835849b0. PMID22926510. S2CID35660646.
Cui YH, Jing CX, Pan HW (September 2013). “Association of blood antioxidants and vitamins with risk of age-related cataract: a meta-analysis of observational studies”. 《The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition》 98 (3): 778–86. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.053835. PMID23842458.
Senge, Mathias O.; Hope, Häkon; Smith, Kevin M. (1992). “Structure and Conformation of Photosynthetic Pigments and Related Compounds 3. Crystal Structure of β-Carotene”. 《Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C》 47 (5–6): 474–476. doi:10.1515/znc-1992-0623. S2CID100905826.다음 글자 무시됨: ‘Z. Naturforsch. C ’ (도움말)
Institute of Medicine (US) Panel on Micronutrients (2001). 《Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Silicon, Vanadium and Zinc》. (free download): National Academy Press. doi:10.17226/10026. ISBN978-0-309-07279-3. PMID25057538. S2CID44243659.
Koushik A, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, Anderson KE, Buring JE, Freudenheim JL, 외. (November 2006). “Intake of the major carotenoids and the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in a pooled analysis of 10 cohort studies”. 《International Journal of Cancer》 119 (9): 2148–54. doi:10.1002/ijc.22076. PMID16823847. S2CID22948131.
Tanvetyanon T, Bepler G (July 2008). “Beta-carotene in multivitamins and the possible risk of lung cancer among smokers versus former smokers: a meta-analysis and evaluation of national brands”. 《Cancer》 113 (1): 150–7. doi:10.1002/cncr.23527. PMID18429004. S2CID33827601.
Druesne-Pecollo N, Latino-Martel P, Norat T, Barrandon E, Bertrais S, Galan P, Hercberg S (July 2010). “Beta-carotene supplementation and cancer risk: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials”. 《International Journal of Cancer》 127 (1): 172–84. doi:10.1002/ijc.25008. PMID19876916. S2CID24850769.
Zhang LR, Sawka AM, Adams L, Hatfield N, Hung RJ (March 2013). “Vitamin and mineral supplements and thyroid cancer: a systematic review”. 《European Journal of Cancer Prevention》 22 (2): 158–68. doi:10.1097/cej.0b013e32835849b0. PMID22926510. S2CID35660646.
