Lepoer, Barbara Leitch (ed.) (1989). 《Singapore : A Country Study》. Washington, D.C.: GPO for the Library of Congress., ch. 10 ("Road to Independence").
Josey, Alex (2013년 2월 15일). 《Lee Kuan Yew: The Crucial Years》 (영어). Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd. 457쪽. ISBN9789814435499. By legal definition the Singaporean is a citizen of Singapore.