아프리카 분할 (Korean Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "아프리카 분할" in Korean language version.

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25books.google.com

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africanews.com (Global: 3,550^th place; Korean: 6,351^st place)

"Africa's population now 1 billion" 보관됨 2011-04-27 - 웨이백 머신. AfricaNews. August 25, 2009.

aidwatchers.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Easterly, William (2009년 9월 17일). “The Imperial Origins of State-Led Development”. New York University Blogs. 2016년 2월 5일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2009년 9월 23일에 확인함.

american.edu (Global: 5,076^th place; Korean: low place)

Domke, D. Michelle (November 1997). “ICE Case Studies; Case Number: 3; Case Identifier: Sudan; Case Name: Civil War in the Sudan: Resources or Religion?”. 아메리칸 대학교의 국제 서비스 학교를 통한 분쟁 및 환경 목록. 2011년 1월 8일에 확인함.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; Korean: 18^th place)

Kitson, Alison (2001). 《Germany, 1858–1990: Hope, Terror, and Revival》. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 64쪽. ISBN 0-19-913417-0. OCLC 47209403.
Ullendorff, Edward (1965). 《The Ethiopians: An Introduction to Country and People》 2판. London: Oxford University Press. 90쪽. ISBN 0-19-285061-X.
Del Boca, Angelo (1969). 《The Ethiopian War 1935–1941》. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-14217-3.
Fisher, Josephine Lucy (2010). 《Pioneers, settlers, aliens, exiles : the decolonisation of white identity in Zimbabwe》. Canberra: ANU E Press. 1쪽. ISBN 978-1-921666-15-5. OCLC 513442095.
Forbath, Peter (1977). 《The River Congo: The Discovery, Exploration and Exploitation of the World's Most Dramatic Rivers》. [Harper & Row]. 374쪽. ISBN 978-0-06-122490-4.
Wack, Henry Wellington (1905). 《The Story of the Congo Free State: Social, Political, and Economic Aspects of the Belgian System of Government in Central Africa》. New York and London: G. P. Putnam's Sons. 541쪽.
Sicker, Martin (2001). 《The Middle East in the Twentieth Century》. Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group. 101쪽. ISBN 9780275968939. OCLC 44860930.
Douglas Jardine O.B.E. 《The Mad Mullah Of Somaliland》.
Douglas Jardine (1923). 《textsThe Mad Mullah Of Somaliland》. Bellew. 225쪽. ISBN 978-0-947792-43-5.
Moses, A. Dirk (2008). 《Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation and Subaltern Resistance in World History》. New York: Berghahn Books. ISBN 978-1-84545-452-4.
Schaller, Dominik J. (2008). 《From Conquest to Genocide: Colonial Rule in German Southwest Africa and German East Africa》. New York: Berghahn Books. 296쪽. ISBN 978-1-84545-452-4.
Cameron, Rondo (1993). 《A Concise Economic History of the World》. New York: Oxford University Press. 193쪽.
Manning, Patrick (1990). 《Slavery and African Life: Occidental, Oriental, and African Slave Trades》. London: Cambridge University Press.

arte.tv (Global: 1,950^th place; Korean: 7,055^th place)

L'Aventure Humaine: Le canal de Suez, Article de l'historien Uwe Oster 보관됨 2011-08-19 - 웨이백 머신.

bbc.co.uk (Global: 8^th place; Korean: 34^th place)

news.bbc.co.uk

BBC News website:The Suez Crisis – Key maps 보관됨 2017-06-17 - 웨이백 머신.

bbc.co.uk

Pretorius, Fransjohan (2011년 3월 29일). “History – The Boer Wars” (영국 영어). 《BBC》. 2019년 12월 22일에 확인함.

blackpast.org (Global: 3,799^th place; Korean: 8,530^th place)

Hurst, Ryan (2009년 7월 15일). “Mahdist Revolution (1881–1898)” (미국 영어). 《BlackPast》. 2019년 12월 21일에 확인함.

books.google.com (Global: 3^rd place; Korean: 9^th place)

Hadaway, Stuart (2014). 《Pyramids and Fleshpots: The Egyptian, Senussi and Eastern Mediterranean Campaigns (1914–1916)》. The History Press. ISBN 978-0-7509-5808-0.
Association, Cheke Cultural Writers (1994). 〈Chapter 14: The Kolongongo War Against the Portuguese〉 (영어). 《The history and cultural life of the Mbunda speaking peoples》. The Association. ISBN 9789982030069.
Compare: Killingray, David (1998). 〈7: The War in Africa〉 2판. Strachan, Hew (편집). 《The Oxford Illustrated History of the First World War: New Edition》. Oxford: 옥스퍼드 대학교 출판부 (2014에 출판됨). 101쪽. ISBN 978-0-19-164040-7. 2017년 2월 21일에 확인함. In 1914 the only independent states in Africa were Liberia and Abyssinia.
Borrero, Mauricio (2009). 《Russia: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present》 (영어). Infobase Publishing. 69–70쪽. ISBN 978-0-8160-7475-4.
Francis, J. (1893). 《The Athenæum: A Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama》. 《The Athenæum》 2. 281쪽.
Bourne, Henry Richard Fox (1903). 《Civilisation in Congoland: A Story of International Wrong-doing》. London: P.S. King & Son. 253쪽. 2007년 9월 26일에 확인함.
John D. Fage, The Cambridge History of Africa: From the earliest times to c. 500 BC 보관됨 2022-12-05 - 웨이백 머신, Cambridge University Press, 1982, p. 748. ISBN 0-521-22803-4
Rubinstein, W.D. (2004). Genocide: a history 보관됨 2022-12-05 - 웨이백 머신. Pearson Education. pp. 98–99. ISBN 0-582-50601-8
《The Redemption of Africa》. 《The Church Missionary Review》 51. 1900. 483쪽.
Shivji, Issa G. (2008). 《Pan-Africanism or pragmatism? : lessons of the Tanganyika-Zanzibar union》. Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa. Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: Mkuki na Nyota Publishers. 7쪽. ISBN 978-9987-08-105-9. OCLC 777576770.
Mengisteab, Kidane; Bereketeab, Redie (2012). 《Regional Integration, Identity & Citizenship in the Greater Horn of Africa》 (영어). Boydell & Brewer Ltd. 147쪽. ISBN 978-1-84701-058-2.
Abdi Ismail Samatar (1989). 《The State and Rural Transformation in Northern Somalia, 1884-1986》. University of Wisconsin Press. 38–39쪽. ISBN 978-0-299-11994-2.
Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong; Steven J. Niven (2012). 《Dictionary of African Biography》. Oxford University Press. 35–37쪽. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
Abdullah A. Mohamoud (2006). 《State Collapse and Post-conflict Development in Africa: The Case of Somalia (1960-2001)》. Purdue University Press. 60–61, 70–72 with footnotes쪽. ISBN 978-1-55753-413-2.
Emmanuel Kwaku Akyeampong; Steven J. Niven (2012). 《Dictionary of African Biography》. Oxford University Press. 35–37쪽. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
Abdullah A. Mohamoud (2006). 《State Collapse and Post-conflict Development in Africa: The Case of Somalia (1960-2001)》. Purdue University Press. 60–61, 70–72 with footnotes쪽. ISBN 978-1-55753-413-2.
Irons, Roy (2013년 11월 4일). 《Churchill and the Mad Mullah of Somaliland: Betrayal and Redemption 1899-1921 p.156.》. Pen and Sword. ISBN 9781783463800.
Richard H. Shultz; Andrea J. Dew (2009). 《Insurgents, Terrorists, and Militias: The Warriors of Contemporary Combat》. Columbia University Press. 67–68쪽. ISBN 978-0-231-12983-1.
Michel Ben Arrous; Lazare Ki-Zerbo (2009). 《African Studies in Geography from Below》. African Books. 166쪽. ISBN 978-2-86978-231-0.
Abdullah A. Mohamoud (2006). 《State Collapse and Post-conflict Development in Africa: The Case of Somalia (1960-2001)》. Purdue University Press. 60–61, 70–72 with footnotes쪽. ISBN 978-1-55753-413-2.
Abdi Ismail Samatar (1989). 《The State and Rural Transformation in Northern Somalia, 1884-1986》. University of Wisconsin Press. 38–39쪽. ISBN 978-0-299-11994-2.
Bridgman, Jon (1981). 《The Revolt of the Hereros》 (영어). University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-04113-4.
Samuel Totten, William S. Parsons, Israel W. Charny (2004) Century of Genocide: Critical Essays and Eyewitness Accounts, Routledge, NY ISBN 978-0-203-89043-1 p. 22
Betts, Raymond F. (2005). 《Assimilation and Association in French Colonial Theory, 1890–1914》. University of Nebraska Press. 10쪽. ISBN 9780803262478.
Shinn, David H.; Ofcansky, Thomas P. (2013). 《Historical Dictionary of Ethiopia》. Scarecrow Press. 309–쪽. ISBN 978-0-8108-7457-2.

britannica.com (Global: 40^th place; Korean: 78^th place)

“Fashoda Incident | Anglo-French Conflict, 1898 Sudan Crisis | Britannica” (영어). 《www.britannica.com》. 2025년 1월 18일에 확인함.

discoverparis.net (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

“February 2003, the end of an era”. Discoverparis.net. 2016년 3월 3일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2010년 8월 8일에 확인함.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Korean: 3^rd place)

dx.doi.org

Daly, Samuel Fury Childs (2019년 5월 4일). 《From Crime to Coercion: Policing Dissent in Abeokuta, Nigeria, 1900–1940》. 《The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History》 47. 474–489쪽. doi:10.1080/03086534.2019.1576833. ISSN 0308-6534. S2CID 159124664.
Bassil, Noah R. (2006년 12월 1일). 《The Rise and Demise of the Keira Sultanate of Dar Fur》. 《The Journal of North African Studies》 11. 347–364쪽. doi:10.1080/13629380601036098. ISSN 1362-9387.
Fokkens, Andries (2023). 《The ovamboland expedition of 1917: the deposing of King Mandume》. 《Small Wars & Insurgencies》 34. 382–421쪽. doi:10.1080/09592318.2022.2153468.
Touval, Saadia (1967). 《The Organization of African Unity and African Borders》. 《International Organization》 21. 102–127쪽. doi:10.1017/S0020818300013151. JSTOR 2705705.
Frankema, Ewout; Williamson, Jeffrey; Woltjer, Pieter (2018). 《An Economic Rationale for the West African Scramble? The Commercial Transition and the Commodity Price Boom of 1835–1885》 (PDF). 《Journal of Economic History》 78. 231–267쪽. doi:10.1017/S0022050718000128.
Gjersø, Jonas Fossli (2015). 《The Scramble for East Africa: British Motives Reconsidered, 1884–95》. 《Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History》 43. 831–860쪽. doi:10.1080/03086534.2015.1026131. S2CID 143514840.
Shank, Ian (2017년 10월 1일). 《From Home to Port: Italian Soldiers' Perspectives on the Opening Stage of the Ethiopian Campaign》. 《The Virginia Tech Undergraduate Historical Review》 6. doi:10.21061/vtuhr.v6i0.6. hdl:10919/90259. ISSN 2165-9915.
Hoehne, Markus V. (2016), 〈Dervish State (Somali)〉, John M. Mackenzie (편집), 《The Encyclopedia of Empire》, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1–2쪽, doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe069, ISBN 978-1-118-45507-4, 2022년 2월 22일에 확인함
Hess, Robert L. (1964년 1월 1일). 《The 'Mad Mullah' and Northern Somalia》. 《The Journal of African History》 5 (케임브리지 대학교 출판부). 415–433쪽. doi:10.1017/S0021853700005107. JSTOR 179976. S2CID 162991126. 2024년 2월 9일에 확인함.
Prein, Philipp (1994). 《Guns and Top Hats: African Resistance in German South West Africa, 1907–1915》. 《Journal of Southern African Studies》 20. 99–121쪽. Bibcode:1994JSAfS..20...99P. doi:10.1080/03057079408708389. ISSN 0305-7070. JSTOR 2637122.
Iliffe, John (1989). 《The Origins of African Population Growth》. 《The Journal of African History》 30. 165–69쪽. doi:10.1017/S0021853700030942. JSTOR 182701. S2CID 59931797.
Thesiger, Wilfred (1935). 《The Awash River and the Aussa Sultanate》. 《The Geographical Journal》 85. 1–19쪽. Bibcode:1935GeogJ..85....1T. doi:10.2307/1787031. JSTOR 1787031.
Sbacchi, Alberto (1977). 《Italy and the Treatment of the Ethiopian Aristocracy, 1937–1940》. 《The International Journal of African Historical Studies》 10. 209–241쪽. doi:10.2307/217347. JSTOR 217347.

fsmitha.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Smitha, Frank E. “Africa and Empire in the 1880s and '90s”. 《www.fsmitha.com》. 2019년 12월 19일에 확인함.

gale.com (Global: 1,435^th place; Korean: 1,673^rd place)

link.gale.com

"House Of Commons." Times, 1 Aug. 1890, pp. 4+. The Times Digital Archive, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS67425025/TTDA?u=tall85761&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=a84b3025. Accessed 18 Apr. 2023.
"The Anglo-French Agreement." Times, 12 Aug. 1890, p. 6. The Times Digital Archive, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS101372684/TTDA?u=tall85761&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=3207b64c. Accessed 18 Apr. 2023.
"LORD SALISBURY yesterday expounded the Anglo-." Times, 12 Aug. 1890, p. 7. The Times Digital Archive, https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/CS117887756/TTDA?u=tall85761&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=5cff4a4a. Accessed 18 Apr. 2023.

google.no (Global: 9,052^nd place; Korean: 6,042^nd place)

Sabry, Fouad (2024년 10월 17일). 《New Imperialism: The Global Dynamics of 21st Century Expansion》 (영어). One Billion Knowledgeable.
Sabry, Fouad (2024년 10월 17일). 《New Imperialism: The Global Dynamics of 21st Century Expansion》 (영어). One Billion Knowledgeable.
Sabry, Fouad (2024년 10월 17일). 《New Imperialism: The Global Dynamics of 21st Century Expansion》 (영어). One Billion Knowledgeable.
Sabry, Fouad (2024년 10월 17일). 《New Imperialism: The Global Dynamics of 21st Century Expansion》 (영어). One Billion Knowledgeable.

gresham.ac.uk (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Conquest and Disease or Colonialism and Health? 보관됨 2008-12-07 - 웨이백 머신, Gresham College | Lectures and Events.

haaretz.com (Global: 497^th place; Korean: 1,814^th place)

“A Self-declared Pasha and African Explorer Is Killed”. 《Haaretz》. 2022년 3월 8일에 확인함.

handle.net (Global: 102^nd place; Korean: 307^th place)

hdl.handle.net

Shank, Ian (2017년 10월 1일). 《From Home to Port: Italian Soldiers' Perspectives on the Opening Stage of the Ethiopian Campaign》. 《The Virginia Tech Undergraduate Historical Review》 6. doi:10.21061/vtuhr.v6i0.6. hdl:10919/90259. ISSN 2165-9915.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; Korean: 27^th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu

Prein, Philipp (1994). 《Guns and Top Hats: African Resistance in German South West Africa, 1907–1915》. 《Journal of Southern African Studies》 20. 99–121쪽. Bibcode:1994JSAfS..20...99P. doi:10.1080/03057079408708389. ISSN 0305-7070. JSTOR 2637122.
Thesiger, Wilfred (1935). 《The Awash River and the Aussa Sultanate》. 《The Geographical Journal》 85. 1–19쪽. Bibcode:1935GeogJ..85....1T. doi:10.2307/1787031. JSTOR 1787031.

historyworld.net (Global: 8,163^rd place; Korean: 5,752^nd place)

“History of South Africa”. 《HistoryWorld》. 2019년 12월 22일에 확인함.

jhu.edu (Global: 699^th place; Korean: 921^st place)

muse.jhu.edu

Sean M. Lynn-Jones, "Detente and deterrence: Anglo-German relations, 1911–1914." International Security 11#2 (1986): 121–150 online 보관됨 2019-08-16 - 웨이백 머신.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; Korean: 70^th place)

Touval, Saadia (1967). 《The Organization of African Unity and African Borders》. 《International Organization》 21. 102–127쪽. doi:10.1017/S0020818300013151. JSTOR 2705705.
George Shepperson, "The centennial of the West African conference of Berlin, 1884–1885." Phylon 46.1 (1985): 37–48 online 보관됨 2019-10-21 - 웨이백 머신.
Hess, Robert L. (1964년 1월 1일). 《The 'Mad Mullah' and Northern Somalia》. 《The Journal of African History》 5 (케임브리지 대학교 출판부). 415–433쪽. doi:10.1017/S0021853700005107. JSTOR 179976. S2CID 162991126. 2024년 2월 9일에 확인함.
Prein, Philipp (1994). 《Guns and Top Hats: African Resistance in German South West Africa, 1907–1915》. 《Journal of Southern African Studies》 20. 99–121쪽. Bibcode:1994JSAfS..20...99P. doi:10.1080/03057079408708389. ISSN 0305-7070. JSTOR 2637122.
Iliffe, John (1989). 《The Origins of African Population Growth》. 《The Journal of African History》 30. 165–69쪽. doi:10.1017/S0021853700030942. JSTOR 182701. S2CID 59931797.
Thesiger, Wilfred (1935). 《The Awash River and the Aussa Sultanate》. 《The Geographical Journal》 85. 1–19쪽. Bibcode:1935GeogJ..85....1T. doi:10.2307/1787031. JSTOR 1787031.
Sbacchi, Alberto (1977). 《Italy and the Treatment of the Ethiopian Aristocracy, 1937–1940》. 《The International Journal of African Historical Studies》 10. 209–241쪽. doi:10.2307/217347. JSTOR 217347.

loc.gov (Global: 70^th place; Korean: 157^th place)

“Colonization – The African-American Mosaic Exhibition | Exhibitions (Library of Congress)”. 《www.loc.gov》. 2010년 7월 23일. 2019년 12월 25일에 확인함.

minefe.gouv.fr (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

“Centenaire de l'Entente cordiale: les accords franco-britanniques de 1904” (PDF) (프랑스어). 2011년 10월 4일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2011년 8월 29일에 확인함.

monde-diplomatique.fr (Global: 1,515^th place; Korean: low place)

"These human zoos of the Colonial Republic" 보관됨 2014-04-05 - 웨이백 머신, 르몽드 디플로마티크, August 2000 (프랑스어). (Translation 보관됨 2020-11-27 - 웨이백 머신 (영어))

mondediplo.com (Global: 7,167^th place; Korean: low place)

"These human zoos of the Colonial Republic" 보관됨 2014-04-05 - 웨이백 머신, 르몽드 디플로마티크, August 2000 (프랑스어). (Translation 보관됨 2020-11-27 - 웨이백 머신 (영어))

namibiadigitalrepository.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Williams, Frieda-Nela (1991). 《Precolonial Communities of Southwestern Africa: A history of Owambo Kingdoms 1600–1920》 (PDF). National Archives of Namibia. 2024년 3월 7일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2024년 3월 7일에 확인함.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; Korean: 36^th place)

Michiko Kakutani (1998년 8월 30일). “"King Leopold's Ghost": Genocide With Spin Control”. 《The New York Times》. 2009년 4월 10일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2012년 2월 2일에 확인함.

ourcityforest.org (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

“AMERICA'S AFRICAN COLONY: A HISTORY OF LIBERIA”. 2021년 2월 24일.

oxfordbibliographies.com (Global: 6,465^th place; Korean: 3,044^th place)

“German Colonial Rule” (영어). 《obo》. 2025년 1월 18일에 확인함.

oxfordjournals.org (Global: 1,389^th place; Korean: 550^th place)

ehr.oxfordjournals.org

Darwin, John. "Imperialism and the Victorians: The dynamics of territorial expansion." English Historical Review (1997) 112#447 pp. 614–42. http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/content/CXII/447/614.full.pdf+html 보관됨 2012-01-14 - 웨이백 머신

rug.nl (Global: 2,779^th place; Korean: 3,103^rd place)

pure.rug.nl

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Daly, Samuel Fury Childs (2019년 5월 4일). 《From Crime to Coercion: Policing Dissent in Abeokuta, Nigeria, 1900–1940》. 《The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History》 47. 474–489쪽. doi:10.1080/03086534.2019.1576833. ISSN 0308-6534. S2CID 159124664.
Gjersø, Jonas Fossli (2015). 《The Scramble for East Africa: British Motives Reconsidered, 1884–95》. 《Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History》 43. 831–860쪽. doi:10.1080/03086534.2015.1026131. S2CID 143514840.
Hess, Robert L. (1964년 1월 1일). 《The 'Mad Mullah' and Northern Somalia》. 《The Journal of African History》 5 (케임브리지 대학교 출판부). 415–433쪽. doi:10.1017/S0021853700005107. JSTOR 179976. S2CID 162991126. 2024년 2월 9일에 확인함.
Iliffe, John (1989). 《The Origins of African Population Growth》. 《The Journal of African History》 30. 165–69쪽. doi:10.1017/S0021853700030942. JSTOR 182701. S2CID 59931797.

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Daly, Samuel Fury Childs (2019년 5월 4일). 《From Crime to Coercion: Policing Dissent in Abeokuta, Nigeria, 1900–1940》. 《The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History》 47. 474–489쪽. doi:10.1080/03086534.2019.1576833. ISSN 0308-6534. S2CID 159124664.
Bassil, Noah R. (2006년 12월 1일). 《The Rise and Demise of the Keira Sultanate of Dar Fur》. 《The Journal of North African Studies》 11. 347–364쪽. doi:10.1080/13629380601036098. ISSN 1362-9387.
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“Pascal Blanchard, Nicolas Bancel, and Sandrine Lemaire, 'From human zoos to colonial apotheoses: the era of exhibiting the Other'.”. 2021년 10월 24일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2013년 8월 2일에 확인함.

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Boahen, Albert Adu 편집 (1990). 《General history of Africa, abridged edition, v. 7: Africa under colonial domination, 1880-1935》. UNESCO. [page number]쪽. ISBN 978-92-3-102499-3. 2025년 6월 2일에 확인함.

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“Quinine”. 《broughttolife.sciencemuseum.org.uk》. 2020년 2월 16일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2019년 12월 18일에 확인함.
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Darwin, John. "Imperialism and the Victorians: The dynamics of territorial expansion." English Historical Review (1997) 112#447 pp. 614–42. http://ehr.oxfordjournals.org/content/CXII/447/614.full.pdf+html 보관됨 2012-01-14 - 웨이백 머신
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“Tippu Tip: Ivory, Slavery and Discovery in the Scramble for Africa”. 《SOAS University of London》. 2022년 3월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2022년 3월 8일에 확인함.
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Sean M. Lynn-Jones, "Detente and deterrence: Anglo-German relations, 1911–1914." International Security 11#2 (1986): 121–150 online 보관됨 2019-08-16 - 웨이백 머신.
“Pascal Blanchard, Nicolas Bancel, and Sandrine Lemaire, 'From human zoos to colonial apotheoses: the era of exhibiting the Other'.”. 2021년 10월 24일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2013년 8월 2일에 확인함.
"These human zoos of the Colonial Republic" 보관됨 2014-04-05 - 웨이백 머신, 르몽드 디플로마티크, August 2000 (프랑스어). (Translation 보관됨 2020-11-27 - 웨이백 머신 (영어))
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Hoehne, Markus V. (2016), 〈Dervish State (Somali)〉, John M. Mackenzie (편집), 《The Encyclopedia of Empire》, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1–2쪽, doi:10.1002/9781118455074.wbeoe069, ISBN 978-1-118-45507-4, 2022년 2월 22일에 확인함

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Bassil, Noah R. (2006년 12월 1일). 《The Rise and Demise of the Keira Sultanate of Dar Fur》. 《The Journal of North African Studies》 11. 347–364쪽. doi:10.1080/13629380601036098. ISSN 1362-9387.
Hobson, John Atkinson (2011). 《Imperialism》. Cambridge: 케임브리지 대학교 출판부. 77쪽. ISBN 978-0-511-79207-6. OCLC 889962491.
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