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Faurschou, A.; Wulf, H.C. (2004). “Durability of the sun protection factor provided by dihydroxyacetone”. 《Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine》 20 (5): 239–42. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0781.2004.00118.x. PMID15379873.
Petersen, Anita B; Na, Renhua; Wulf, Hans Christian (2003). “Sunless skin tanning with dihydroxyacetone delays broad-spectrum ultraviolet photocarcinogenesis in hairless mice”. 《Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis》 542 (1–2): 129–38. doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2003.09.003. PMID14644361.
Jung, K.; Seifert, M.; Herrling, Th.; Fuchs, J. (2008). “UV-generated free radicals (FR) in skin: Their prevention by sunscreens and their induction by self-tanning agents”. 《Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy》 69 (5): 1423–8. doi:10.1016/j.saa.2007.09.029. PMID18024196.
Petersen, Anita B; Wulf, Hans Christian; Gniadecki, Robert; Gajkowska, Barbara (2004). “Dihydroxyacetone, the active browning ingredient in sunless tanning lotions, induces DNA damage, cell-cycle block and apoptosis in cultured HaCaT keratinocytes”. 《Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis》 560 (2): 173–86. doi:10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.03.002. PMID15157655.
Pischetsrieder, Monika; Seidel, Wolfgang; Münch, Gerald; Schinzel, Reinhard (1999). “N2-(1-Carboxyethyl)deoxyguanosine, a Nonenzymatic Glycation Adduct of DNA, Induces Single-Strand Breaks and Increases Mutation Frequencies”. 《Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications》 264 (2): 544–9. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1528. PMID10529399.
Ramasamy, Ravichandran; d'Agati, Shi; Schmidt, Vivette; Ramasamy, Ann (2007). “Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE): A Formidable Force in the Pathogenesis of the Cardiovascular Complications of Diabetes & Aging”. 《Current Molecular Medicine》 7 (8): 699–710. doi:10.2174/156652407783220732. PMID18331228.
Goldin, A.; Beckman, JA; Schmidt, AM; Creager, MA (2006). “Advanced Glycation End Products: Sparking the Development of Diabetic Vascular Injury”. 《Circulation》 114 (6): 597–605. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.621854. PMID16894049.