오줌 (Korean Wikipedia)

Rose, C.; Parker, A.; Jefferson, B.; Cartmell, E. (2015). 《The Characterization of Feces and Urine: A Review of the Literature to Inform Advanced Treatment Technology》. 《Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology》 45. 1827–1879쪽. Bibcode:2015CREST..45.1827R. doi:10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761. ISSN 1064-3389. PMC 4500995. PMID 26246784. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License 보관됨 2017-10-16 - 웨이백 머신.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Korean: 3^rd place)

dx.doi.org

Yang, P. J.; Pham, J.; Choo, J.; Hu, D. L. (2014년 6월 26일). 《Duration of urination does not change with body size》. 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences》 111. 11932–11937쪽. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11111932Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1402289111. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4143032. PMID 24969420.
Rose, C.; Parker, A.; Jefferson, B.; Cartmell, E. (2015). 《The Characterization of Feces and Urine: A Review of the Literature to Inform Advanced Treatment Technology》. 《Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology》 45. 1827–1879쪽. Bibcode:2015CREST..45.1827R. doi:10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761. ISSN 1064-3389. PMC 4500995. PMID 26246784. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License 보관됨 2017-10-16 - 웨이백 머신.
Udert, K.M.; Larsen, T.A.; Gujer, W. (2006년 12월 1일). 《Fate of major compounds in source-separated urine》 (영어). 《Water Science and Technology》 54. 413–420쪽. Bibcode:2006WSTec..54..413U. doi:10.2166/wst.2006.921. ISSN 0273-1223. PMID 17302346. 2022년 3월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 8월 2일에 확인함.
Hall, Brantley; Levy, Sophia; Dufault-Thompson, Keith; Arp, Gabriela; Zhong; Ndjite, Glory Minabou; Weiss, Ashley; Braccia, Domenick; Jenkins, Conor; Grant, Maggie R.; Abeysinghe, Stephenie; Yang, Yiyan; Jermain, Madison D.; Wu, Chih Hao; Ma, Bing (January 2024). 《BilR is a gut microbial enzyme that reduces bilirubin to urobilinogen》 (영어). 《Nature Microbiology》 9. 173–184쪽. doi:10.1038/s41564-023-01549-x. ISSN 2058-5276. PMC 10769871 |pmc= 값 확인 필요 (도움말). PMID 38172624.
Lison M, Blondheim SH, Melmed RN (1980). 《A polymorphism of the ability to smell urinary metabolites of asparagus》. 《Br Med J》 281. 1676–8쪽. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6256.1676. PMC 1715705. PMID 7448566.
Avorn J, Monane M, Gurwitz JH, Glynn RJ, Choodnovskiy I, Lipsitz LA (1994). 《Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria after ingestion of cranberry juice》. 《JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association》 271. 751–4쪽. doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510340041031. PMID 8093138. We did not find evidence that urinary acidification was responsible for the observed effect, since the median pH of urine samples in the cranberry group (6.0) was actually higher than that in the experimental group (5.5). While cranberry juice has been advocated as a urinary acidifier to prevent urinary tract infections, not all studies have shown a reduction in urine pH with cranberry juice ingestion, even with consumption of 2000 mL per day.
Hilt, Evann E.; Kathleen McKinley; Meghan M. Pearce; Amy B. Rosenfeld; Michael J. Zilliox; Elizabeth R. Mueller; Linda Brubaker; Xiaowu Gai; Alan J. Wolfe; Paul C. Schreckenberger (2013년 12월 26일). 《Urine Is Not Sterile: Use of Enhanced Urine Culture Techniques To Detect Resident Bacterial Flora in the Adult Female Bladder》. 《Journal of Clinical Microbiology》 52. 871–876쪽. doi:10.1128/JCM.02876-13. PMC 3957746. PMID 24371246.
Ogunshe, Adenike Adedayo O.; Fawole, Abosede Oyeyemi; Ajayi, Victoria Abosede (2010년 5월 25일). 《Microbial evaluation and public health implications of urine as alternative therapy in clinical pediatric cases: health implication of urine therapy》. 《The Pan African Medical Journal》 5. 12쪽. doi:10.4314/pamj.v5i1.56188. ISSN 1937-8688. PMC 3032614. PMID 21293739.
Köves, B; Cai, T; Veeratterapillay, R; Pickard, R; Seisen, T; Lam, TB; Yuan, CY; Bruyere, F; Wagenlehner, F; Bartoletti, R; Geerlings, SE; Pilatz, A; Pradere, B; Hofmann, F; Bonkat, G; Wullt, B (25 July 2017). "Benefits and Harms of Treatment of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis by the European Association of Urology Urological Infection Guidelines Panel". European Urology. 72 (6): 865–868. doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2017.07.014 PMID 28754533.
Carrell, D.T.; Peterson, C.M. (2010). 《Artificial insemination: intrauterine insemination. 31.3.1.2 Gonadotropins》. New York, New York: Springer. 489쪽. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1436-1. ISBN 9781441914361. 2022년 4월 7일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2013년 3월 26일에 확인함.
Osada, Kazumi; Miyazono, Sadaharu; Kashiwayanagi, Makoto (2015). 《The scent of wolves: Pyrazine analogs induce avoidance and vigilance behaviors in prey》. 《Frontiers in Neuroscience》 9. 363쪽. doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00363. PMC 4595651. PMID 26500485.

doyma.es (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

db.doyma.es

Martín Hernández E, Aparicio López C, Alvarez Calatayud G, García Herrera MA (2001). 《[Vesical uric acid lithiasis in a child with renal hypouricemia]》 (스페인어). 《An. Esp. Pediatr.》 55. 273–6쪽. PMID 11676906. 2009년 3월 27일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 12월 25일에 확인함.

equipped.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Water Procurement 보관됨 2009-06-12 - 웨이백 머신, US Army Field Manual

etymonline.com (Global: 287^th place; Korean: 138^th place)

Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of piss. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved March 17, 2022, from https://www.etymonline.com/word/piss 보관됨 2022-03-18 - 웨이백 머신

go.com (Global: 48^th place; Korean: 173^rd place)

abcnews.go.com

“Old Wives' Tale? Urine as Jellyfish Sting Remedy” (영어). 《ABC News》. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.

harvard.edu (Global: 18^th place; Korean: 27^th place)

adsabs.harvard.edu

Yang, P. J.; Pham, J.; Choo, J.; Hu, D. L. (2014년 6월 26일). 《Duration of urination does not change with body size》. 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences》 111. 11932–11937쪽. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11111932Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1402289111. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4143032. PMID 24969420.
Rose, C.; Parker, A.; Jefferson, B.; Cartmell, E. (2015). 《The Characterization of Feces and Urine: A Review of the Literature to Inform Advanced Treatment Technology》. 《Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology》 45. 1827–1879쪽. Bibcode:2015CREST..45.1827R. doi:10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761. ISSN 1064-3389. PMC 4500995. PMID 26246784. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License 보관됨 2017-10-16 - 웨이백 머신.
Udert, K.M.; Larsen, T.A.; Gujer, W. (2006년 12월 1일). 《Fate of major compounds in source-separated urine》 (영어). 《Water Science and Technology》 54. 413–420쪽. Bibcode:2006WSTec..54..413U. doi:10.2166/wst.2006.921. ISSN 0273-1223. PMID 17302346. 2022년 3월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 8월 2일에 확인함.

howstuffworks.com (Global: 840^th place; Korean: 977^th place)

healthguide.howstuffworks.com

Discovery Health "Urine PH – Medical Dictionary" 보관됨 2010-03-30 - 웨이백 머신. Healthguide.howstuffworks.com (2007-05-16). Retrieved on 2011-04-27.

iwaponline.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Udert, K.M.; Larsen, T.A.; Gujer, W. (2006년 12월 1일). 《Fate of major compounds in source-separated urine》 (영어). 《Water Science and Technology》 54. 413–420쪽. Bibcode:2006WSTec..54..413U. doi:10.2166/wst.2006.921. ISSN 0273-1223. PMID 17302346. 2022년 3월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 8월 2일에 확인함.

jstor.org (Global: 26^th place; Korean: 70^th place)

《Composition Of The Urine》. 《The British Medical Journal》 1. 1872. 133쪽. ISSN 0007-1447. JSTOR 25231362.

kmle.co.kr (Global: low place; Korean: 1,433^rd place)

대한의협 의학용어 사전 https://www.kmle.co.kr/search.php?Search=urine&EbookTerminology=YES&DictAll=YES&DictAbbreviationAll=YES&DictDefAll=YES&DictNownuri=YES&DictWordNet=YES

littlethings.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

Castillo, M. (2017, June 20). Don't Pee On A Jellyfish Sting — It Won't Work | LittleThings.com. Littlethings. https://littlethings.com/entertainment/jellyfish-sting-news 보관됨 2024-03-15 - 웨이백 머신

medlineplus.gov (Global: 1,581^st place; Korean: 1,462^nd place)

“Maple syrup urine disease” (영어). 《National Library of Medicine》. 2022년 6월 10일에 확인함.

merriam-webster.com (Global: 209^th place; Korean: 116^th place)

“Medical Definition of UROSCOPY” (영어). 《www.merriam-webster.com》. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.
“Definition of URINE” (영어). 《www.merriam-webster.com》. 2024년 5월 7일. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.
“Definition of PISS” (영어). 《www.merriam-webster.com》. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.

nih.gov (Global: 4^th place; Korean: 4^th place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Yang, P. J.; Pham, J.; Choo, J.; Hu, D. L. (2014년 6월 26일). 《Duration of urination does not change with body size》. 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences》 111. 11932–11937쪽. Bibcode:2014PNAS..11111932Y. doi:10.1073/pnas.1402289111. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 4143032. PMID 24969420.
Rose, C.; Parker, A.; Jefferson, B.; Cartmell, E. (2015). 《The Characterization of Feces and Urine: A Review of the Literature to Inform Advanced Treatment Technology》. 《Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology》 45. 1827–1879쪽. Bibcode:2015CREST..45.1827R. doi:10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761. ISSN 1064-3389. PMC 4500995. PMID 26246784. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License 보관됨 2017-10-16 - 웨이백 머신.
Udert, K.M.; Larsen, T.A.; Gujer, W. (2006년 12월 1일). 《Fate of major compounds in source-separated urine》 (영어). 《Water Science and Technology》 54. 413–420쪽. Bibcode:2006WSTec..54..413U. doi:10.2166/wst.2006.921. ISSN 0273-1223. PMID 17302346. 2022년 3월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 8월 2일에 확인함.
Hall, Brantley; Levy, Sophia; Dufault-Thompson, Keith; Arp, Gabriela; Zhong; Ndjite, Glory Minabou; Weiss, Ashley; Braccia, Domenick; Jenkins, Conor; Grant, Maggie R.; Abeysinghe, Stephenie; Yang, Yiyan; Jermain, Madison D.; Wu, Chih Hao; Ma, Bing (January 2024). 《BilR is a gut microbial enzyme that reduces bilirubin to urobilinogen》 (영어). 《Nature Microbiology》 9. 173–184쪽. doi:10.1038/s41564-023-01549-x. ISSN 2058-5276. PMC 10769871 |pmc= 값 확인 필요 (도움말). PMID 38172624.
Lison M, Blondheim SH, Melmed RN (1980). 《A polymorphism of the ability to smell urinary metabolites of asparagus》. 《Br Med J》 281. 1676–8쪽. doi:10.1136/bmj.281.6256.1676. PMC 1715705. PMID 7448566.
Martín Hernández E, Aparicio López C, Alvarez Calatayud G, García Herrera MA (2001). 《[Vesical uric acid lithiasis in a child with renal hypouricemia]》 (스페인어). 《An. Esp. Pediatr.》 55. 273–6쪽. PMID 11676906. 2009년 3월 27일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 12월 25일에 확인함.
Avorn J, Monane M, Gurwitz JH, Glynn RJ, Choodnovskiy I, Lipsitz LA (1994). 《Reduction of bacteriuria and pyuria after ingestion of cranberry juice》. 《JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association》 271. 751–4쪽. doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03510340041031. PMID 8093138. We did not find evidence that urinary acidification was responsible for the observed effect, since the median pH of urine samples in the cranberry group (6.0) was actually higher than that in the experimental group (5.5). While cranberry juice has been advocated as a urinary acidifier to prevent urinary tract infections, not all studies have shown a reduction in urine pH with cranberry juice ingestion, even with consumption of 2000 mL per day.
Hilt, Evann E.; Kathleen McKinley; Meghan M. Pearce; Amy B. Rosenfeld; Michael J. Zilliox; Elizabeth R. Mueller; Linda Brubaker; Xiaowu Gai; Alan J. Wolfe; Paul C. Schreckenberger (2013년 12월 26일). 《Urine Is Not Sterile: Use of Enhanced Urine Culture Techniques To Detect Resident Bacterial Flora in the Adult Female Bladder》. 《Journal of Clinical Microbiology》 52. 871–876쪽. doi:10.1128/JCM.02876-13. PMC 3957746. PMID 24371246.
Ogunshe, Adenike Adedayo O.; Fawole, Abosede Oyeyemi; Ajayi, Victoria Abosede (2010년 5월 25일). 《Microbial evaluation and public health implications of urine as alternative therapy in clinical pediatric cases: health implication of urine therapy》. 《The Pan African Medical Journal》 5. 12쪽. doi:10.4314/pamj.v5i1.56188. ISSN 1937-8688. PMC 3032614. PMID 21293739.
Ahmed, A. M. (2021년 6월 8일). 《History of diabetes mellitus - PubMed》. 《Saudi Medical Journal》 23. 373–378쪽. PMID 11953758. 2021년 6월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.
Osada, Kazumi; Miyazono, Sadaharu; Kashiwayanagi, Makoto (2015). 《The scent of wolves: Pyrazine analogs induce avoidance and vigilance behaviors in prey》. 《Frontiers in Neuroscience》 9. 363쪽. doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00363. PMC 4595651. PMID 26500485.

nlm.nih.gov

“Urine pH”. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. 2008년 12월 17일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 12월 26일에 확인함.
Urine pH: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia 보관됨 2016-06-09 - 웨이백 머신. Nlm.nih.gov (2011-03-28). Retrieved on 2011-04-27.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Ahmed, A. M. (2021년 6월 8일). 《History of diabetes mellitus - PubMed》. 《Saudi Medical Journal》 23. 373–378쪽. PMID 11953758. 2021년 6월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; Korean: 36^th place)

Adelson, Andrea (1995년 2월 26일). “Wall Street; A Fertility Drug Grows Scarce” (미국 영어). 《The New York Times》. ISSN 0362-4331. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.

originalwisdom2.com (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

MacDonald, David W. "Patterns of scent marking with urine and faeces amongst carnivore communities." Symposia of the Zoological Society of London. Vol. 45. No. 107. 1980.

remacle.org (Global: 2,316^th place; Korean: low place)

Sueton, Vespasian 23 English 보관됨 2021-07-13 - 웨이백 머신, Latin 보관됨 2022-04-17 - 웨이백 머신. Cf. 디오 카시우스, Roman History, Book 65, chapter 14,5 English 보관됨 2022-04-17 - 웨이백 머신, Greek/French (66, 14) 보관됨 2013-03-26 - 웨이백 머신

researchgate.net (Global: 120^th place; Korean: 222^nd place)

Swihart, Robert K., Joseph J. Pignatello, and Mary Jane I. Mattina. "Aversive responses of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, to predator urines." 보관됨 2021-10-18 - 웨이백 머신 Journal of chemical ecology 17.4 (1991): 767-777.
Swihart, Robert K., Joseph J. Pignatello, and Mary Jane I. Mattina. "Aversive responses of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, to predator urines." 보관됨 2021-10-18 - 웨이백 머신 Journal of chemical ecology 17.4 (1991): 767-777.

sciam.com (Global: 6,119^th place; Korean: 2,741^st place)

Fact or Fiction?: Urinating on a Jellyfish Sting is an Effective Treatment 보관됨 2007-10-11 - 웨이백 머신. Scientific American. 4 January 2007. Retrieved on 2011-04-27.

sciencenews.org (Global: 3,410^th place; Korean: 1,111^th place)

Engelhaupt, Erika (2014년 5월 22일). “Urine is not sterile, and neither is the rest of you” (영어). 《Science News》. 2018년 6월 22일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2018년 6월 22일에 확인함.

snu.ac.kr (Global: low place; Korean: 179^th place)

s-space.snu.ac.kr

Hashemi, Shervin. “Fate of Nitrogen in Urine Separated Toilet Systems” (PDF). 《s-space.snu.ac.kr》. 2021년 7월 27일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 3월 15일에 확인함. Likewise consumption of saffron, alcohol, coffee, tuna fish, and onion can result in telltale scents.

susana.org (Global: low place; Korean: low place)

von Münch, Elisabeth; Winker, Martina (May 2011). 《Technology review of urine diversion components》 (PDF). Deutsche Gesellschaft fürInternationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. 12쪽. 2020년 10월 28일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2020년 11월 28일에 확인함.

thoughtco.com (Global: 1,430^th place; Korean: 3,164^th place)

“What Is in Your Urine? Take a Look at the Chemical Composition” (영어). 《ThoughtCo》. 2024년 5월 8일에 확인함.

uchicago.edu (Global: 230^th place; Korean: 278^th place)

penelope.uchicago.edu

Sueton, Vespasian 23 English 보관됨 2021-07-13 - 웨이백 머신, Latin 보관됨 2022-04-17 - 웨이백 머신. Cf. 디오 카시우스, Roman History, Book 65, chapter 14,5 English 보관됨 2022-04-17 - 웨이백 머신, Greek/French (66, 14) 보관됨 2013-03-26 - 웨이백 머신

unc.edu (Global: 1,538^th place; Korean: 845^th place)

docsouth.unc.edu

Joseph LeConte (1862). 《Instructions for the Manufacture of Saltpeter》. Columbia, S.C.: South Carolina Military Department; printer: Charles P. Pelham. 14쪽. 2007년 10월 13일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2007년 10월 19일에 확인함.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; Korean: 1^st place)

Arthur C. Guyton; John Edward Hall (2006). 〈25〉 11판. 《Textbook of medical physiology》. Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 978-0-8089-2317-6. 2013년 5월 26일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2011년 9월 26일에 확인함.
Rose, C.; Parker, A.; Jefferson, B.; Cartmell, E. (2015). 《The Characterization of Feces and Urine: A Review of the Literature to Inform Advanced Treatment Technology》. 《Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology》 45. 1827–1879쪽. Bibcode:2015CREST..45.1827R. doi:10.1080/10643389.2014.1000761. ISSN 1064-3389. PMC 4500995. PMID 26246784. Text was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License 보관됨 2017-10-16 - 웨이백 머신.
von Münch, Elisabeth; Winker, Martina (May 2011). 《Technology review of urine diversion components》 (PDF). Deutsche Gesellschaft fürInternationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH. 12쪽. 2020년 10월 28일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2020년 11월 28일에 확인함.
Udert, K.M.; Larsen, T.A.; Gujer, W. (2006년 12월 1일). 《Fate of major compounds in source-separated urine》 (영어). 《Water Science and Technology》 54. 413–420쪽. Bibcode:2006WSTec..54..413U. doi:10.2166/wst.2006.921. ISSN 0273-1223. PMID 17302346. 2022년 3월 8일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 8월 2일에 확인함.
Hashemi, Shervin. “Fate of Nitrogen in Urine Separated Toilet Systems” (PDF). 《s-space.snu.ac.kr》. 2021년 7월 27일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 3월 15일에 확인함. Likewise consumption of saffron, alcohol, coffee, tuna fish, and onion can result in telltale scents.
Stefan Gates; Max La Riviere-Hedrick (2006년 3월 15일). 《Gastronaut: adventures in food for the romantic, the foolhardy, and the brave》. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 87–쪽. ISBN 978-0-15-603097-7. 2013년 5월 26일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2011년 4월 27일에 확인함.
Foods that Affect the Odor of Urine. livestrong.com. December 27, 2010.
Martín Hernández E, Aparicio López C, Alvarez Calatayud G, García Herrera MA (2001). 《[Vesical uric acid lithiasis in a child with renal hypouricemia]》 (스페인어). 《An. Esp. Pediatr.》 55. 273–6쪽. PMID 11676906. 2009년 3월 27일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 12월 25일에 확인함.
“Urine pH”. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. 2008년 12월 17일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2008년 12월 26일에 확인함.
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Swihart, Robert K., Joseph J. Pignatello, and Mary Jane I. Mattina. "Aversive responses of white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, to predator urines." 보관됨 2021-10-18 - 웨이백 머신 Journal of chemical ecology 17.4 (1991): 767-777.
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