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Strassmann, J; Seppa, P.; Queller, D. C. (2000년 8월 10일). “Absence of within-colony kin discrimination: foundresses of the social wasp, Polistes carolina, do not prefer their own larvae”. 《Naturwissenschaften》 87 (6): 266–269. Bibcode:2000NW.....87..266S. doi:10.1007/s001140050718. PMID10929290.
Hamilton, W (1964년 7월 1일). “The genetical evolution of social behaviour. II”. 《Journal of Theoretical Biology》 7 (1): 17–52. doi:10.1016/0022-5193(64)90039-6. PMID5875340.
Clutton-Brock, T; Brotherton, P. N.; Russell, A. F.; O'Riain, M. J.; Gaynor, D.; Kansky, R.; Griffin, A.; Manser, M.; Sharpe, L. (2001). “Cooperation, control, and concession in meerkat groups”. 《Science》 291 (5503): 478–481. Bibcode:2001Sci...291..478C. doi:10.1126/science.291.5503.478. PMID11161200.
Strassmann, J; Seppa, P.; Queller, D. C. (2000년 8월 10일). “Absence of within-colony kin discrimination: foundresses of the social wasp, Polistes carolina, do not prefer their own larvae”. 《Naturwissenschaften》 87 (6): 266–269. Bibcode:2000NW.....87..266S. doi:10.1007/s001140050718. PMID10929290.
Kummerli, Rolf; Andy Gardner; Stuart A. West; Ashleigh S. Griffin (April 2009). “Limited Dispersal, Budding Dispersal, and Cooperation: An Experimental Study”. 《Evolution》 63 (4): 939–949. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00548.x. PMID19154373.
Koeslag, J.H. (1997). “Sex, the Prisoner's Dilemma Game, and the evolutionary inevitability of cooperation”. 《Journal of Theoretical Biology》 189 (1): 53–61. doi:10.1006/jtbi.1997.0496. PMID9398503.
Zahavi, Amotz (1977). “The cost of honesty (Further remarks on the handicap principle)”. 《Journal of Theoretical Biology》 67 (3): 603–605. doi:10.1016/0022-5193(77)90061-3. PMID904334.
Koeslag, J. H. (1990). “Koinophilia groups sexual creatures into species, promotes stasis, and stabilizes social behaviour”. 《Journal of Theoretical Biology》 144 (1): 15–35. doi:10.1016/s0022-5193(05)80297-8. PMID2200930.
Koeslag, J.H. (2003). “Evolution of cooperation: cooperation defeats defection in the cornfield model”. 《Journal of Theoretical Biology》 224 (3): 399–410. doi:10.1016/s0022-5193(03)00188-7. PMID12941597.