(영어) Chaurasia, Radhey Shyam. 《History of Ancient India: Earliest Times to 1000 A. D.》. p. 38: "the Kernel of the Ramayana was composed before 500 B.C. while the more recent portion were not probably added till the 2nd century B.C. and later."
For composition between 200 BCE and 200 CE see: Avari 2007, 142쪽. For dating of composition "between the second century BCE and third century CE" see: Flood 1996, 56쪽. For dating of Manu Smriti in "final form" to the 2nd century CE, see: Keay, p. 103. For dating as completed some time between 200 BCE and 100 CE see: Hopkins 1971, 74쪽. For probable origination during the second or 3rd centuries AD, see: Kulke, Hermann & Rothermund, Dietmar 1986, 85쪽 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFKulke,_HermannRothermund,_Dietmar1986 (help). For the text as preserved dated to around the 1st century BCE. see: 《Encyclopedia Britannica ConciseArchived 2008년 1월 25일 - 웨이백 머신》, retrieved 2007-06-24
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Van Buitenen; 《The Mahabharata》 Vol. 1; The Book of the Beginning. Introduction (Authorship and Date).
For composition between 200 BCE and 200 CE see: Avari 2007, 142쪽. For dating of composition "between the second century BCE and third century CE" see: Flood 1996, 56쪽. For dating of Manu Smriti in "final form" to the 2nd century CE, see: Keay, p. 103. For dating as completed some time between 200 BCE and 100 CE see: Hopkins 1971, 74쪽. For probable origination during the second or 3rd centuries AD, see: Kulke, Hermann & Rothermund, Dietmar 1986, 85쪽 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFKulke,_HermannRothermund,_Dietmar1986 (help). For the text as preserved dated to around the 1st century BCE. see: 《Encyclopedia Britannica ConciseArchived 2008년 1월 25일 - 웨이백 머신》, retrieved 2007-06-24
For composition between 200 BCE and 200 CE see: Avari 2007, 142쪽. For dating of composition "between the second century BCE and third century CE" see: Flood 1996, 56쪽. For dating of Manu Smriti in "final form" to the 2nd century CE, see: Keay, p. 103. For dating as completed some time between 200 BCE and 100 CE see: Hopkins 1971, 74쪽. For probable origination during the second or 3rd centuries AD, see: Kulke, Hermann & Rothermund, Dietmar 1986, 85쪽 괄호 없는 하버드 인용 error: 대상 없음: CITEREFKulke,_HermannRothermund,_Dietmar1986 (help). For the text as preserved dated to around the 1st century BCE. see: 《Encyclopedia Britannica ConciseArchived 2008년 1월 25일 - 웨이백 머신》, retrieved 2007-06-24
