Gulag (Malay Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Gulag" in Malay language version.

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alexanderyakovlev.org

archive.org

bbc.com

  • Figes, Orlando (2009). "Ученый: при Сталине погибло больше, чем в холокост". BBC News (dalam bahasa Rusia). Хотя даже по самым консервативным оценкам, от 20 до 25 млн человек стали жертвами репрессий, из которых, возможно, от пяти до шести миллионов погибли в результате пребывания в ГУЛАГе. Terjemahan: 'Pengiraan yang paling konservatif bercakap tentang 20–25 juta mangsa penindasan, 5 hingga 6 juta daripadanya mati dalam gulag.'

deepdyve.com

  • Healey, Dan (1 Jun 2018). "GOLFO ALEXOPOULOS. Illness and Inhumanity in Stalin's Gulag". The American Historical Review (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 123 (3): 1049–1051. doi:10.1093/ahr/123.3.1049. New studies using declassified Gulag archives have provisionally established a consensus on mortality and "inhumanity." The tentative consensus says that once secret records of the Gulag administration in Moscow show a lower death toll than expected from memoir sources, generally between 1.5 and 1.7 million (out of 18 million who passed through) for the years from 1930 to 1953.

doi.org

  • Healey, Dan (1 Jun 2018). "GOLFO ALEXOPOULOS. Illness and Inhumanity in Stalin's Gulag". The American Historical Review (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 123 (3): 1049–1051. doi:10.1093/ahr/123.3.1049. New studies using declassified Gulag archives have provisionally established a consensus on mortality and "inhumanity." The tentative consensus says that once secret records of the Gulag administration in Moscow show a lower death toll than expected from memoir sources, generally between 1.5 and 1.7 million (out of 18 million who passed through) for the years from 1930 to 1953.
  • Wheatcroft, Stephen G. (1999). "Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Data. Not the Last Word" (PDF). Europe-Asia Studies (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 51 (2): 320. doi:10.1080/09668139999056.
  • Getty, Arch; Rittersporn, Gábor; Zemskov, Viktor (Oktober 1993). "Victims of the Soviet penal system in the pre-war years: a first approach on the basis of archival evidence" (PDF). American Historical Review (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 98 (4): 1017–1049. doi:10.2307/2166597. JSTOR 2166597.

economist.com

istmat.info

jstor.org

loc.gov

memo.ru

newyorker.com

  • Remnick, David (14 April 2003). "Seasons in Hell". The New Yorker (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Dicapai pada 27 Mac 2017.

stanford.edu

statearchive.ru

tripod.com

sovietinfo.tripod.com

victimsofcommunism.org

web.archive.org