Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Ijazah" in Malay language version.
(cf. Quotations on Islamic Civilization)By Mamun's time medical schools were extremely active in Baghdad. The first free public hospital was opened in Baghdad during the Caliphate of Haroon-ar-Rashid. As the system developed, physicians and surgeons were appointed who gave lectures to medical students and issued diplomas to those who were considered qualified to practice. The first hospital in Egypt was opened in 872 AD and thereafter public hospitals sprang up all over the empire from Spain and the Maghrib to Persia.
|contribution-url= missing title (bantuan), Balkanlarda İslam Medeniyeti II. Milletlerarası Sempozyumu Tebliğleri (Prosiding Simposium Antarabangsa Tamadun Islam Balkan Kedua) (dalam bahasa Turki), Tirana, Albania: Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA)CS1 maint: date format (link)|contribution-url= missing title (bantuan), Balkanlarda İslam Medeniyeti II. Milletlerarası Sempozyumu Tebliğleri (Prosiding Simposium Antarabangsa Tamadun Islam Balkan Kedua) (dalam bahasa Turki), Tirana, Albania: Research Center for Islamic History, Art and Culture (IRCICA)CS1 maint: date format (link)