Runge, Marschall S.; Greganti, M. Andrew (2008). Netter's Internal Medicine E-Book (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Elsevier Health Sciences. m/s. 428. ISBN9781437727722. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 27 August 2021. Dicapai pada 27 July 2020.
Molodecky NA, Soon IS, Rabi DM, Ghali WA, Ferris M, Chernoff G, Benchimol EI, Panaccione R, Ghosh S, Barkema HW, Kaplan GG (January 2012). "Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review". Gastroenterology. 142 (1): 46–54.e42, quiz e30. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.001. PMID22001864.
Molodecky NA, Soon IS, Rabi DM, Ghali WA, Ferris M, Chernoff G, Benchimol EI, Panaccione R, Ghosh S, Barkema HW, Kaplan GG (January 2012). "Increasing incidence and prevalence of the inflammatory bowel diseases with time, based on systematic review". Gastroenterology. 142 (1): 46–54.e42, quiz e30. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.10.001. PMID22001864.
"Ulcerative Colitis". NIDDK. September 2014. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 28 Julai 2016. Dicapai pada 3 Ogos 2016.
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"Ulcerative Colitis". NIDDK. September 2014. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 28 Julai 2016. Dicapai pada 3 Ogos 2016.
Runge, Marschall S.; Greganti, M. Andrew (2008). Netter's Internal Medicine E-Book (dalam bahasa Inggeris). Elsevier Health Sciences. m/s. 428. ISBN9781437727722. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 27 August 2021. Dicapai pada 27 July 2020.