"mesiu". Kamus Dewan (ed.keempat). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. Dicapai pada 28 Mac 2020– melalui Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu.
"ubat bedil". Kamus Dewan (ed.keempat). Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Malaysia. Dicapai pada 28 Mac 2020– melalui Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu.
Bhattacharya (in Buchanan 2006, halaman 42) acknowledges that "most sources credit the Chinese with the discovery of gunpowder" though he himself disagrees. Buchanan, Brenda J., penyunting (2006), Gunpowder, Explosives and the State: A Technological History, Aldershot: Ashgate, doi:10.1353/tech.0.0051, ISBN978-0-7546-5259-5.
Buchanan. "Editor's Introduction: Setting the Context", in Buchanan 2006. Buchanan, Brenda J., penyunting (2006), Gunpowder, Explosives and the State: A Technological History, Aldershot: Ashgate, doi:10.1353/tech.0.0051, ISBN978-0-7546-5259-5.