Visie van onder andere A.A. Barrett, Caligula: The Corruption of Power, New Haven, 1990, p. 46.
Philo, Legatio ad Gaium XXXIII (250), vgl. Suetonius, Vit. Gai 49.2. A.A. Barrett, Caligula: The Corruption of Power, New Haven, 1990, p. 220.
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db.edcs.eu
CIL VI 2028 (p. 864, 3261) = CIL VI 32344 = AE 1983, 95 = CFA 12 = ILS 5032, rr. 28, 30: „a(nte) d(iem) VII Idus Ianuar(ias) / ... / quod hoc die C(aius) Caesar Augustus Germanicus a senatu impera[tor appellatus est]“ (zeven dagen voor de Iden van Januari (= 17 maart 37) / ... / dat die dag Gaius Caesar Augustus Germanicus door de senaat tot imperator uitgeroepen is“)
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Tacitus, AnnalesIV 12, 17, 39-40, 54. A.A. Barrett, Agrippina: Sex, Power and Politics in the Early Empire, New Haven - Londen, 1996, p. 33.
J.M.G. Barclay, Jews in the Mediterranean Diaspora. From Alexander to Trajan (323 BCE - 117 CE), Londen, 19982, p. 53.
N.H. Taylor, Popular Opposition to Caligula in Jewish Palestine, in JSJ 32 (2001), pp. 58-59. Zie ook E.M. Smallwood, Philo and Josephus as Historians of the Same Events, in L.H. Feldman - G. Hata (edd.), Josephus, Judaism, and Christianity, Leiden, 1987, p. 121.
E.M. Smallwood, Philo and Josephus as Historians of the Same Events, in L.H. Feldman - G. Hata (edd.), Josephus, Judaism, and Christianity, Leiden, 1987, p. 122.
E.M. Smallwood, Philo and Josephus as Historians of the Same Events, in L.H. Feldman - G. Hata (edd.), Josephus, Judaism, and Christianity, Leiden, 1987, p. 123. Gerd Theissen meent dat Philo wel degelijk toespelingen maakt op dit bevel, hoewel Philo dit niet specifiek noemt, en accepteert Josephus' weergave als historisch (G. Theissen, The Gospels in Context. Social and Political History in the Synoptic Tradition, Londen, 1992 (= 2004), pp. 147-148.).