E. Babelon, Un nouveau medaillon en or de Constantin le Grand, in Melanges Boissier: recueil de memoires concernant la litterature et les antiquites romaines dedie a G. Boissier, Parijs, 1903, pp. 49-55. Zie ook: C. Vermeule, The Imperial Shield as a Mirror of Roman Art on Medallions and Coins, in C. Carson – C.M. Kraay (edd.), Scripta Nummaria Romana: Essays Presented to Humphrey Sutherland, Londen, 1978, p. 180.
books.google.com
H. Pohlsander, The Emperor Constantine, Londen – New York, 1996, p. 34.
C.M. Odahl, Constantine and the Christian Empire, Londen – New York, 2004, p. 95.
A.H.M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire, 284-602: A Social Economic and Administrative Survey, II, Baltimore, 1964, p. 795.
Z. Hazard Potter, Influence of Christianity on the Roman Law, in the American Church Review 30 (1878), p. 340.
S.N.C. Lieu – D. Montserrat (edd.), From Constantine to Julian: Pagan and Byzantine views: a source history, Londen, 1996, p. 99.
britannica.com
Zijn geboortejaar is omstreden, maar recente encyclopedie-artikels plaatsen zijn geboorte rond 280 (cf. J.F. Matthews – D. MacGillivray Nicol, art. Constantine, in Encyclopedia Britannica. Online edition (2007); U. Mattejiet, art. Konstantin I. (d. Gr.), röm Ks., in Lexikon des Mittelalters 5 (1991), klm. 1372.). Oliver Schmitt pleit voor het jaar 275 (O. Schmitt, Constantin der Große (275–337), Stuttgart – e.a., 2007, pp. 84-85.).
C.G. Herbermann – G. Grupp, art. Constantine the Great, in New Catholic Encyclopedia IV (1908), R. MacMullen, Constantine, New York, 1969, J.J. O'Donnell, The demise of paganism, in Traditio 35 (1979), p. 81, T.D. Barnes, Christians and pagans in the reign of Constantius, in A. Dihle (ed.), L'église et l'empire au IVe siècle, Genève, 1989, pp. 315-321, T.D. Barnes, Statistics and the conversion of the Roman aristocracy, in JRS 85 (1995), p. 141.
C.G. Herbermann – G. Grupp, art. Constantine the Great, in New Catholic Encyclopedia IV (1908), R. MacMullen, Constantine, New York, 1969, J.J. O'Donnell, The demise of paganism, in Traditio 35 (1979), p. 81, T.D. Barnes, Christians and pagans in the reign of Constantius, in A. Dihle (ed.), L'église et l'empire au IVe siècle, Genève, 1989, pp. 315-321, T.D. Barnes, Statistics and the conversion of the Roman aristocracy, in JRS 85 (1995), p. 141.
