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(en) Louis P (1997). Characterization of genes for the biosynthesis of the compatible solute ectoine from Marinococcus halophilus and osmoregulated expression in Escherichia coli. Microbiology143 ( Pt 4) (4): 1141–9. PMID9141677. DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-4-1141.
(en) Zaccai, Giuseppe; Bagyan, Irina; Combet, Jérôme; et al. (2016). Neutrons describe ectoine effects on water H-bonding and hydration around a soluble protein and a cell membrane. Scientific Reports6: 31434. PMID27527336. PMC4985633. DOI: 10.1038/srep31434.
(en) Louis P (1997). Characterization of genes for the biosynthesis of the compatible solute ectoine from Marinococcus halophilus and osmoregulated expression in Escherichia coli. Microbiology143 ( Pt 4) (4): 1141–9. PMID9141677. DOI: 10.1099/00221287-143-4-1141.