Shoshani, J. (2005). "Order Proboscidea". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.) Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 90-91. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
doi.org
dx.doi.org
Shoshani, J., Tassy, P. (2005). Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior. Quaternary International 126-128: 5-20. ISSN:1040-6182. DOI:10.1016/j.quaint.2004.04.011.
doi.org
Rohland, N., Reich, D., Mallick, S., Meyer, M., Green, R.E., Georgiadis, N.J., Roca, A.L., Hofreiter, M. (2010). Genomic DNA Sequences from Mastodon and Woolly Mammoth Reveal Deep Speciation of Forest and Savanna Elephants. PLoS Biol8 (12): e1000564. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564.