Empires Besieged. Time-Life Books Inc., Amsterdam (1988), "The Roman Decline", 38. ISBN 0705409740 "For on the bitterly cold night of December 31, 406, there was apparently no Roman army on guard when a host of Vandal, Alan, Suevi and Burgundian warriors, with their families and possessions, crossed the frozen Rhine and headed southwest through Gaul. This time, Rome's frontiers had been breached by barbarians who meant to stay."
MacDowall, Simon (2016). The Vandals. Pen and Sword, Barnsley, 37–43. ISBN 9781473880221. Geraadpleegd op 5 september 2020.
Lanting, J. N., van der Plicht, J. (2010). Palaeohistoria 51/52 (2009/2010). Groningen Institute of Archaeology, Groningen, "De 14C-chronologie van de Nederlandse Pre- en Protohistorie VI: Romeinse tijd en Merovische periode, deel A: historische bronnen en chronologische thema's", p. 46. ISBN 9789077922736. Geraadpleegd op 4 september 2020.