Millward, James. «From Camelback to Carnegie Hall: the Global Journey and Modern Makeover of the Pipa». AAS Annual Meeting. Arkivert frå originalen 25. desember 2007. Henta 22. desember 2007. «I note the irony of this transformation: the modernization of the pipa as a Chinese national instrument entailed reworking it to fit the musical standards and contexts of polyphonic Western music.»
«Afropop Glossary». Afropop. Arkivert frå originalen December 18, 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «zither, national instrument of Madagascar, similar in sound to the kora»
Rosenberg, Dan. «Afro Peruvian». Afropop. Arkivert frå originalen 31. oktober 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «These wooden boxes were soon developed into the cajon, the large wooden box that today is the national instrument of Peru.»
Kerbaj, Mazen (Mars 2006). «Live in Beirut» (liner notes). Peter Brötzmann and Michael Zerang. Al Maslakh Records. Arkivert frå originalen 21. januar 2020. Henta 21. desember 2007. «Zerang ensorcelled the crowd, especially when he played hard-core rhythms and extended techniques on the Lebanese national percussion instrument, the darbuka (or debakeh).»
Nidel, Richard (2005). World Music: The Basics. Routledge. s. 58. ISBN0-415-96800-3. «Much of Kenya's music is derivative of other Afropop forms, most obviously Congolese, but the singing, high-pitched guitar work, use of the national instrument, the nyatiti (a seven-stringed harpe), and bottle percussion give it a unique, identifiable sound.»
Broughton, Simon; Mark Ellingham; Richard Trillo (2000). World Music. Rough Guides. s. 274. ISBN1-85828-635-2. «Its place is now occupied by the accordion which has become the foremost national instrument since its introduction.»
Nidel, Richard (2005). World Music: The Basics. Routledge. s. 81. ISBN0-415-96800-3. «The mbira is inextricably associated with Zimbabwean traditional music, and is truly the national instrument.»
Wilson, Sue (June 2, 2003). «Yat-Kha, The Ferry, Glasgow». The Independent (London). Arkivert frå originalen December 1, 2013. «Tiuliush also plays the morinhuur and the igil, daddy and baby versions of the Tuvans' national instrument, the horse-headed fiddle, held like a small cello and with two strings, each comprising up to 130 hairs from a horse's tail.»
Seryogina, Olesya (24. oktober 2007). «Musician's Seven Kurais». Culture. BASHvest. Arkivert frå originalen July 22, 2011. Henta 26. desember 2007. «Music performed on this wonderful Bashkir national instrument is understandable and dear to all.»
Sheeter, Laura (29. oktober 2005). «Latvia celebrates national instrument». BBC News. Henta 17. desember 2007. «Latvia's national instrument (is) the kokle... (which) is reasserting its place at the heart of contemporary Latvian culture.»
McSweeney, Jim. «Nelson Gonzalez». Congahead. Arkivert frå originalen 4. november 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «The tres is the national instrument of Cuba, and at first glance you'd probably call it a guitar.»
Project Results(PDF). The Music Inter-Cultural X-Change: Project for Peace in Israelpublisher=The Boston Conservatory. s. 2. Henta December 26, 2007.[daud lenkje]
Vandervort, Leland. «Andean Instruments». Musica Andina. Arkivert frå originalen 25. desember 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «The cuatro has a very dry sound and is often strummed in syncopation with the rhythm of many musical forms originating from Colombia and Venezuela. The cuatro is also considered the "national instrument" of these two countries.»
Grahn, Göran (April 1999). «Review of Musikkens Tjenere - Instrument - Forsker - Musiker by Mette Müller and Lisbet Torp». The Galpin Society Journal52: 367–368. JSTOR842547. doi:10.2307/842547. «One of the most interesting articles is that by Lisbet Torp about invented traditions in creating a national instrument, such as the Highland bagpipe in Scotland, the kantele in Finland, the bouzouki in Greece etc. She takes the reader through a tour of Europe, in a journey through time and space, beginning in the British Isles at the end of the 18th century with the Irish harp and the Scottish highland bagpipe. She then points to the influence of intellectuals and nationalists in the nationwide promotion of selected musical instruments as a vehicle for nationalistic ideas. The conclusion is that Denmark never developed any national instrument, though, 'at the beginning of the 20th century, the prehistoric bronze lurs were treated as a national symbol.'»
Dudley, Shannon; Stuempfle, Stephen (Spring–Summer 1998). «Review of The Steelband Movement: The Forging of a National Art in Trinidad and Tobago by Stephen Stuempfle». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 42 (2): 366–368. JSTOR3113905. doi:10.2307/3113905. «(The book) uses an appropriate approach for the first major work on Trinidad and Tobago's national instrument.»
von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). «Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann». Galpin Society Journal (Galpin Society) 14: 3–29. JSTOR842168. doi:10.2307/842168.
Wachsmann, Klaus (1964). «The Migration of Musical Instruments: Human Migration and African Harps». Journal of the International Folk Music Council16: 84–88. JSTOR835087. doi:10.2307/835087.
Badalkhan, Sabir (oktober 2003). «Balochi Oral Tradition». Oral Tradition18 (2): 229–235. doi:10.1353/ort.2004.0049. «Notwithstanding the emergence of a strong nationalistic feeling among the Baloch population both in Iran and Pakistan, the existence of pahlawan (professional singers of verse narratives), and the love for suroz (a bowed instrument played as an accompaniment to narrative songs and considered to be the national instrument of the Baloch) among the educated classes, there seems to be no future for the oral tradition in Balochistan.»
Belaiev, Victor (1963). «The Formation of Folk Modal Systems». Journal of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 15: 4–9. JSTOR836227. doi:10.2307/836227.
Baumann, Max Peter (1997). «Review of Bolivie: Charangos et guitarrillas du Norte Potosi by Florindo Alvis and Jean-Marc Grassler». Yearbook for Traditional Music29 (1997): 200–201. JSTOR768327. doi:10.2307/768327. «Among chordophones, the charango has become the Bolivian national instrument par excellence.»
Graham, Richard (Spring–Summer 1991). «Technology and Culture Change: The Development of the "Berimbau" in Colonial Brazil». Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana (University of Texas Press) 12 (1): 1–20. JSTOR780049. doi:10.2307/780049. «Although this metamorphosis insured the emerging berimbau a higher social status as a Brazilian national instrument.»
Pinnell, Richard; Zuluaga, David Puerta (Autumn 1993). «Review of Los Caminos del Tiple by David Puerta Zuluaga». Ethnomusicology37 (3): 446–448. JSTOR851728. doi:10.2307/851728.
Sargeant, Winthrop (April 1934). «Types of Quechua Melody». The Musical Quarterly20 (2): 230–245. JSTOR738763. doi:10.1093/mq/XX.2.230.
Lawergren, Bo (January–June 1985). «Musikarchäologie als Traditionsforschung - A Lyre Common to Etruria, Greece, and Anatolia: The Cylinder Kithara». Acta Musicologica (International Musicological Society) 57 (Fasc. 1): 25–33. JSTOR932686. doi:10.2307/932686.
Moisala, Pirkko (Autumn 1994). «The Wide Field of Finnish Ethnomusicology». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 38 (3): 417–422. JSTOR852108. doi:10.2307/852108. «(Researchers) have run a long-term campaign to introduce the kantele, which has been branded the national instrument of Finland, into every school.»
Rouget, Gilbert; James Porter (Januar 1978). «Review of The Peuls by Simha Arom». Ethnomusicology22 (1): 224–225. JSTOR851392. doi:10.2307/851392. «This proportion is an accurate reflection of the importance of the flute among the Fula; it is, in a sense, their national instrument.»
El-Shawan, Salwa; Dorothe Schubarth (1991). «Review of Galicia: Derradeira Polavila». Yearbook for Traditional Music (International Council for Traditional Music) 23: 157–158. JSTOR768420. doi:10.2307/768420. «The record also features the gaita... which Galicians consider their national instrument»
Roberts, Helen (February 1981). «Reconstructing the Greek Tortoise-Shell Lyre». Archaeology and Musical Instruments12 (3): 303–312. JSTOR124242. doi:10.1080/00438243.1981.9979805.
Yurchenco, Henrietta (January 1966). «Review of The Marimbas of Guatemala by Vida Chenoweth». Ethnomusicology10 (1, Latin American Issue): 105–106. JSTOR924197. doi:10.2307/924197. «(The marimba) is truly a national instrument, enjoyed as much by primitive Indian as by sophisticated urbanite.»
Hartmann, Arthur (1916). «The Czimbalom, Hungary's National Instrument». The Musical QuarterlyII (4): 590–600. JSTOR737942. doi:10.1093/mq/II.4.590. «(The cimbalom) is the one instrument which so deeply speaks to (the heart of the Hungarian people) which translates the melancholy of the deserts and which in every way expresses (the Hungarian) world of emotions.»
Frishmuth, Sarah S. (July 1905). «Stringed Instruments». Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum (Philadelphia Museum of Art) 3 (11): 45–48. JSTOR3793687. doi:10.2307/3793687. «India has an infinite variety of lutes, the vina, her national instrument, having a...»
Perris, Arnold B. (September 1971). «The Rebirth of the Javanese angklung». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 15 (3): 403–407. JSTOR850641. doi:10.2307/850641.
Wulstan, David (May 1973). «The Sounding of the Shofar». The Galpin Society Journal (Galpin Society) 26: 29–46. JSTOR841111. doi:10.2307/841111. «It is clear that the word shofar was not used as the name of the Jewish national instrument until comparatively late.»
Golos, George S. (January 1961). «Kirghiz Instruments and Instrumental Music». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 5 (1): 42–48. JSTOR924307. doi:10.2307/924307.
Dawes, Kevin (oktober 2003). «Lyres and the body politic: studying musical instruments in the Cretan musical landscape». Popular Music and Society26.3 (21): 263–283. doi:10.1080/0300776032000116950. «The island's "national" instrument, the lyra has become emblematic of the struggle that many Cretans experience in their attempt to retain a sense of a local identity.»
Erdely, Stephen (1979). «Ethnic Music in the United States: An Overview». Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 11: 114–137. JSTOR767568. doi:10.2307/767568. «The tamburitza... is the national instrument of the Croatians.»
McGraw, Andrew (Summer–Fall 2007). «The Pia's Subtle Sustain: Contemporary Ethnic Identity and the Revitalization of the Lanna 'Heart Harp'». Asian Music38 (2): 115–142. doi:10.1353/amu.2007.0035.
Morton, David; Brunet, Jacques (September 1974). «Review of Traditional Music of Southern Laos by Jacques Brunet». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 18 (3): 472. JSTOR850536. doi:10.2307/850536. «The "national instrument" of Laos is the khene.»
Erdely, Stephen (1979). «Ethnic Music in the United States: An Overview». Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 11: 114–137. JSTOR767568. doi:10.2307/767568. «Its revival was initiated (among Latvian-Americans in the United States) in the 1930s by Latvian folklorists, who claimed it to be their true national instrument.»
DjeDje, Jacqueline Cogdell (Spring–Autumn 1998). «Remembering Kojo: History, Music, and Gender in the January Sixth Celebration of the Jamaican Accompong Maroons». Black Music Research Journal (Center for Black Music Research - Columbia College Chicago) 18 (1/2): 67–120. JSTOR779395. doi:10.2307/779395.
Bjorndal, Arne (1956). «The Hardanger Fiddle: The Tradition, Music Forms and Style». Journal of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 8: 13–15. JSTOR834737. doi:10.2307/834737. «In Norway, the national instrument has come to be the Hardanger fiddle.»
Schechter, John M.; Daniel E. Sheehy; Ronald R. Smith (Spring–Summer 1985). «The New Grove: Latin America». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 29 (2): 317–330. JSTOR852145. doi:10.2307/852145. «The distinctive Paraguayan harp... is featured as lead instrument in hundreds of ensembles in that country, where it is the national instrument.»
Ginsberg-Klar, Maria E. (February 1981). «The Archaeology of Musical Instruments in Germany during the Roman Period». World Archaeology12 (3, Archaeology and Musical Instruments): 313–320. JSTOR124243. doi:10.1080/00438243.1981.9979806. «The tibiae (is) an instrument that may be characterized as the national instrument of the Romans.»
Hoerburger, Felix (1952). «Proceedings of the Fourth Conference Held at Opatija, Yugoslavia: Correspondence between Eastern and Western Folk Epics». Journal of the International Folk Music Council4: 23–26. JSTOR835837. doi:10.2307/835837.
Balzer, Marjorie Mandelstam (June 1996). «Flights of the Sacred: Symbolism and Theory in Siberian Shamanism». American Anthropologist. New Series 98 (2): 305–318. JSTOR682889. doi:10.1525/aa.1996.98.2.02a00070.
Lysloff, René T. A.; Jim Matson (Spring–Summer 1985). «A New Approach to the Classification of Sound-Producing Instruments». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 29 (2): 213–236. JSTOR852139. doi:10.2307/852139.
Jensen, Melton (September 1994). «Review of Iberia 1990: Otto fantasie per chitarra di autori spagnoli contemporanei by Alís, Bertomeu Salazar, Fernández Alvez, García Abril, Juliá, Marco, Prieto, Ruiz López, Gabriel Estarellas, Angelo Gilardino». Notes51 (1): 423–426. JSTOR899279. doi:10.2307/899279.
Andersson, Otto (August 1970). «The Bowed Harp of Trondheim Cathedral and Related Instruments in East and West». The Galpin Society Journal (Galpin Society) 23: 4–34. JSTOR842060. doi:10.2307/842060.
Montagu, Jeremy (January–February 1965). «What is a Gong?». Man (Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland) 65: 18–21. JSTOR2796036. doi:10.2307/2796036.
Bailey, Jay (January–March 1972). «Historical Origin and Stylistic Developments of the Five-String Banjo». Journal of American Folklore (American Folklore Society) 85 (335): 58–65. JSTOR539129. doi:10.2307/539129.
Lloyd, A. L. (March 1965). «Folklore Tachirense by L. F. Ramon y Rivera and Isabel Aretz». Journal of the International Folk Music Council17 (1): 14–15. JSTOR942277. doi:10.2307/942277. «This small, four-stringed, guitar-like lute, the national instrument of Venezuela...»
Chorley, Henry Fothergill; Henry G. Hewlett (May 1, 1880). «The National Music of the World». The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular (Musical Times Publications Ltd.) 21 (447): 240–241. JSTOR3357258. doi:10.2307/3357258. «Much is said... about Welsh airs and the national instrument, the harp»
Marson, John (oktober 1970). «Reviews of Harp Music». The Musical Times111 (1532): 1029–1030. JSTOR957286. doi:10.2307/957286. «A people which could cherish the triple harp so long after the rest of the world had dismissed it as obsolete must have more than mere tradition to guide its composers to the national instrument»
Lord, Albert B. (1936). «Homer and Huso I: The Singer's Rests in Greek and Southslavic Heroic Song». Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association (The Johns Hopkins University Press) 67: 106–113. JSTOR283230. doi:10.2307/283230.
«David's Harp». Dolmetsch Online. Henta 21. desember 2007. «In Hebrew kinnor, also known as David's harp, is the national instrument of Israel.»
«Paraguayan Harp». Dolmetsch Online. Henta December 21, 2007. «(C)haracterized by a large soundbox with a rounded base, very light weight, closely spaced light tension strings (usually nylon), a relatively flat harmonic curve, and with the strings running up through the centre of the neck, which are tuned with gear-style tuners (like a guitar). Almost all harps of this style are played with the fingernails, in very rhythmically intricate music. This is the national instrument of Paraguay, and is commonly found throughout South America, Central America, and in parts of Mexico»
«Triple Harp». Dolmetsch Online. Henta December 21, 2007. «Today the triple harp is the national instrument of Wales»
«Traditional Music & Dance». The Drum Cafe. Henta 21. desember 2007. «Discover the sounds of the lesiba, the Basotho national instrument with its harsh, bird-like sounds.»
Gobetz, Edward. «Acculturation and Assimilation». Slovenian Americans. Multicultural America. Henta December 26, 2007. «Since the 1970s there has been an unprecedented surge of interest in Slovenian music (especially the accordion as the national instrument), language, genealogy, history, culture, customs, folklore, and other aspects of Slovenian heritage.»[daud lenkje]
Asplund, Anneli (December 2001). «The Kantele: Finland's National Instrument». Virtual Finland. Arkivert frå originalen 14. mai 2008. Henta 17. desember 2007. «(T)he kantele is an essential part of the power of (the Kalevala and thus became), in the 19th century, the Finns' national instrument.»
«Puppet Theatre». Washington Folk Festival. 2. juni 2007. Arkivert frå originalen 12. oktober 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «There was great admiration for his virtuosity on their national instrument»
«Chamber Recital Programme». The Annual Glebe Music Festival. Glebe Music Festival. November 25, 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «Born in Brazil, Murilo Tanouye began his musical pursuit by learning Jazz and Bossa Nova (sic) on the guitar, his country's national instrument.»
«Biographical Notes». XVII Macao Internacional Music Festival. Instituto Cultural do Governo da R.A.E. de Macau. Arkivert frå originalen June 9, 2011. Henta December 26, 2007. «His book, The Portuguese Guitar, Lisbon 1999, is the first monograph on this national instrument's origins and historical evolution, iconography, organological study and repertoire.»
Wilson, Sue (June 2, 2003). «Yat-Kha, The Ferry, Glasgow». The Independent (London). Arkivert frå originalen December 1, 2013. «Tiuliush also plays the morinhuur and the igil, daddy and baby versions of the Tuvans' national instrument, the horse-headed fiddle, held like a small cello and with two strings, each comprising up to 130 hairs from a horse's tail.»
Aning, Jerome (November 23, 2007). «Rondalla maestro makes strong pitch for banduria». Inquirer Entertainment. Inquirer. Arkivert frå originalen May 27, 2008. Henta December 22, 2007. «A respected rondalla maestro is pushing for the adoption of the banduria as the country's national musical instrument to stimulate interest in its study and cultivation.»
«The Swiss National Instrument». Swiss Alpine Music. Arkivert frå originalen 12. mai 2021. Henta December 21, 2007. «In 1827 the musicologist Joseph Fétis pronounced the alphorn to be the Swiss national instrument.»
Grahn, Göran (April 1999). «Review of Musikkens Tjenere - Instrument - Forsker - Musiker by Mette Müller and Lisbet Torp». The Galpin Society Journal52: 367–368. JSTOR842547. doi:10.2307/842547. «One of the most interesting articles is that by Lisbet Torp about invented traditions in creating a national instrument, such as the Highland bagpipe in Scotland, the kantele in Finland, the bouzouki in Greece etc. She takes the reader through a tour of Europe, in a journey through time and space, beginning in the British Isles at the end of the 18th century with the Irish harp and the Scottish highland bagpipe. She then points to the influence of intellectuals and nationalists in the nationwide promotion of selected musical instruments as a vehicle for nationalistic ideas. The conclusion is that Denmark never developed any national instrument, though, 'at the beginning of the 20th century, the prehistoric bronze lurs were treated as a national symbol.'»
Dudley, Shannon; Stuempfle, Stephen (Spring–Summer 1998). «Review of The Steelband Movement: The Forging of a National Art in Trinidad and Tobago by Stephen Stuempfle». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 42 (2): 366–368. JSTOR3113905. doi:10.2307/3113905. «(The book) uses an appropriate approach for the first major work on Trinidad and Tobago's national instrument.»
von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). «Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann». Galpin Society Journal (Galpin Society) 14: 3–29. JSTOR842168. doi:10.2307/842168.
Wachsmann, Klaus (1964). «The Migration of Musical Instruments: Human Migration and African Harps». Journal of the International Folk Music Council16: 84–88. JSTOR835087. doi:10.2307/835087.
Belaiev, Victor (1963). «The Formation of Folk Modal Systems». Journal of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 15: 4–9. JSTOR836227. doi:10.2307/836227.
Baumann, Max Peter (1997). «Review of Bolivie: Charangos et guitarrillas du Norte Potosi by Florindo Alvis and Jean-Marc Grassler». Yearbook for Traditional Music29 (1997): 200–201. JSTOR768327. doi:10.2307/768327. «Among chordophones, the charango has become the Bolivian national instrument par excellence.»
Graham, Richard (Spring–Summer 1991). «Technology and Culture Change: The Development of the "Berimbau" in Colonial Brazil». Latin American Music Review / Revista de Música Latinoamericana (University of Texas Press) 12 (1): 1–20. JSTOR780049. doi:10.2307/780049. «Although this metamorphosis insured the emerging berimbau a higher social status as a Brazilian national instrument.»
Pinnell, Richard; Zuluaga, David Puerta (Autumn 1993). «Review of Los Caminos del Tiple by David Puerta Zuluaga». Ethnomusicology37 (3): 446–448. JSTOR851728. doi:10.2307/851728.
Sargeant, Winthrop (April 1934). «Types of Quechua Melody». The Musical Quarterly20 (2): 230–245. JSTOR738763. doi:10.1093/mq/XX.2.230.
Lawergren, Bo (January–June 1985). «Musikarchäologie als Traditionsforschung - A Lyre Common to Etruria, Greece, and Anatolia: The Cylinder Kithara». Acta Musicologica (International Musicological Society) 57 (Fasc. 1): 25–33. JSTOR932686. doi:10.2307/932686.
Moisala, Pirkko (Autumn 1994). «The Wide Field of Finnish Ethnomusicology». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 38 (3): 417–422. JSTOR852108. doi:10.2307/852108. «(Researchers) have run a long-term campaign to introduce the kantele, which has been branded the national instrument of Finland, into every school.»
Andersson, Otto (October–December 1911). «On Violinists and Dance-Tunes among the Swedish Country-Population in Finland towards the Middle of the Nineteenth Century». Sammelbände der Internationalen Musikgesellschaft13 (1): 107–114. JSTOR929299. «While in Sweden the hurdy-gurdy occupies the rank of a national instrument, like the kantele among the Finns, the Swedish country-population has not adopted either of these instruments, but has instead chosen the violin.»
Rouget, Gilbert; James Porter (Januar 1978). «Review of The Peuls by Simha Arom». Ethnomusicology22 (1): 224–225. JSTOR851392. doi:10.2307/851392. «This proportion is an accurate reflection of the importance of the flute among the Fula; it is, in a sense, their national instrument.»
El-Shawan, Salwa; Dorothe Schubarth (1991). «Review of Galicia: Derradeira Polavila». Yearbook for Traditional Music (International Council for Traditional Music) 23: 157–158. JSTOR768420. doi:10.2307/768420. «The record also features the gaita... which Galicians consider their national instrument»
Roberts, Helen (February 1981). «Reconstructing the Greek Tortoise-Shell Lyre». Archaeology and Musical Instruments12 (3): 303–312. JSTOR124242. doi:10.1080/00438243.1981.9979805.
Yurchenco, Henrietta (January 1966). «Review of The Marimbas of Guatemala by Vida Chenoweth». Ethnomusicology10 (1, Latin American Issue): 105–106. JSTOR924197. doi:10.2307/924197. «(The marimba) is truly a national instrument, enjoyed as much by primitive Indian as by sophisticated urbanite.»
Hartmann, Arthur (1916). «The Czimbalom, Hungary's National Instrument». The Musical QuarterlyII (4): 590–600. JSTOR737942. doi:10.1093/mq/II.4.590. «(The cimbalom) is the one instrument which so deeply speaks to (the heart of the Hungarian people) which translates the melancholy of the deserts and which in every way expresses (the Hungarian) world of emotions.»
Frishmuth, Sarah S. (July 1905). «Stringed Instruments». Bulletin of the Pennsylvania Museum (Philadelphia Museum of Art) 3 (11): 45–48. JSTOR3793687. doi:10.2307/3793687. «India has an infinite variety of lutes, the vina, her national instrument, having a...»
Perris, Arnold B. (September 1971). «The Rebirth of the Javanese angklung». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 15 (3): 403–407. JSTOR850641. doi:10.2307/850641.
Wulstan, David (May 1973). «The Sounding of the Shofar». The Galpin Society Journal (Galpin Society) 26: 29–46. JSTOR841111. doi:10.2307/841111. «It is clear that the word shofar was not used as the name of the Jewish national instrument until comparatively late.»
Golos, George S. (January 1961). «Kirghiz Instruments and Instrumental Music». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 5 (1): 42–48. JSTOR924307. doi:10.2307/924307.
Erdely, Stephen (1979). «Ethnic Music in the United States: An Overview». Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 11: 114–137. JSTOR767568. doi:10.2307/767568. «The tamburitza... is the national instrument of the Croatians.»
Morton, David; Brunet, Jacques (September 1974). «Review of Traditional Music of Southern Laos by Jacques Brunet». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 18 (3): 472. JSTOR850536. doi:10.2307/850536. «The "national instrument" of Laos is the khene.»
Erdely, Stephen (1979). «Ethnic Music in the United States: An Overview». Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 11: 114–137. JSTOR767568. doi:10.2307/767568. «Its revival was initiated (among Latvian-Americans in the United States) in the 1930s by Latvian folklorists, who claimed it to be their true national instrument.»
DjeDje, Jacqueline Cogdell (Spring–Autumn 1998). «Remembering Kojo: History, Music, and Gender in the January Sixth Celebration of the Jamaican Accompong Maroons». Black Music Research Journal (Center for Black Music Research - Columbia College Chicago) 18 (1/2): 67–120. JSTOR779395. doi:10.2307/779395.
Bjorndal, Arne (1956). «The Hardanger Fiddle: The Tradition, Music Forms and Style». Journal of the International Folk Music Council (International Council for Traditional Music) 8: 13–15. JSTOR834737. doi:10.2307/834737. «In Norway, the national instrument has come to be the Hardanger fiddle.»
Schechter, John M.; Daniel E. Sheehy; Ronald R. Smith (Spring–Summer 1985). «The New Grove: Latin America». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 29 (2): 317–330. JSTOR852145. doi:10.2307/852145. «The distinctive Paraguayan harp... is featured as lead instrument in hundreds of ensembles in that country, where it is the national instrument.»
Ginsberg-Klar, Maria E. (February 1981). «The Archaeology of Musical Instruments in Germany during the Roman Period». World Archaeology12 (3, Archaeology and Musical Instruments): 313–320. JSTOR124243. doi:10.1080/00438243.1981.9979806. «The tibiae (is) an instrument that may be characterized as the national instrument of the Romans.»
Hoerburger, Felix (1952). «Proceedings of the Fourth Conference Held at Opatija, Yugoslavia: Correspondence between Eastern and Western Folk Epics». Journal of the International Folk Music Council4: 23–26. JSTOR835837. doi:10.2307/835837.
Balzer, Marjorie Mandelstam (June 1996). «Flights of the Sacred: Symbolism and Theory in Siberian Shamanism». American Anthropologist. New Series 98 (2): 305–318. JSTOR682889. doi:10.1525/aa.1996.98.2.02a00070.
Lysloff, René T. A.; Jim Matson (Spring–Summer 1985). «A New Approach to the Classification of Sound-Producing Instruments». Ethnomusicology (Society for Ethnomusicology) 29 (2): 213–236. JSTOR852139. doi:10.2307/852139.
Jensen, Melton (September 1994). «Review of Iberia 1990: Otto fantasie per chitarra di autori spagnoli contemporanei by Alís, Bertomeu Salazar, Fernández Alvez, García Abril, Juliá, Marco, Prieto, Ruiz López, Gabriel Estarellas, Angelo Gilardino». Notes51 (1): 423–426. JSTOR899279. doi:10.2307/899279.
Andersson, Otto (August 1970). «The Bowed Harp of Trondheim Cathedral and Related Instruments in East and West». The Galpin Society Journal (Galpin Society) 23: 4–34. JSTOR842060. doi:10.2307/842060.
Montagu, Jeremy (January–February 1965). «What is a Gong?». Man (Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland) 65: 18–21. JSTOR2796036. doi:10.2307/2796036.
Bailey, Jay (January–March 1972). «Historical Origin and Stylistic Developments of the Five-String Banjo». Journal of American Folklore (American Folklore Society) 85 (335): 58–65. JSTOR539129. doi:10.2307/539129.
Lloyd, A. L. (March 1965). «Folklore Tachirense by L. F. Ramon y Rivera and Isabel Aretz». Journal of the International Folk Music Council17 (1): 14–15. JSTOR942277. doi:10.2307/942277. «This small, four-stringed, guitar-like lute, the national instrument of Venezuela...»
Chorley, Henry Fothergill; Henry G. Hewlett (May 1, 1880). «The National Music of the World». The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular (Musical Times Publications Ltd.) 21 (447): 240–241. JSTOR3357258. doi:10.2307/3357258. «Much is said... about Welsh airs and the national instrument, the harp»
Marson, John (oktober 1970). «Reviews of Harp Music». The Musical Times111 (1532): 1029–1030. JSTOR957286. doi:10.2307/957286. «A people which could cherish the triple harp so long after the rest of the world had dismissed it as obsolete must have more than mere tradition to guide its composers to the national instrument»
Lord, Albert B. (1936). «Homer and Huso I: The Singer's Rests in Greek and Southslavic Heroic Song». Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association (The Johns Hopkins University Press) 67: 106–113. JSTOR283230. doi:10.2307/283230.
«Visit by Indonesian Culture and Goodwill Delegate». Campus Flash. Kyoto Sangyo University. 3. juli 2007. Arkivert frå originalen 9. mai 2008. Henta 26. desember 2007. «KSU students also enjoyed a performance with the Indonesian national instrument, the Angklung.»
«Dong Yi in Zheng Recital at the Great Hall of the People». Link Chinese. Henta 21. desember 2007. «As the most popular national instrument in China, zheng (also known as gu-zheng) is one of the eldest Chinese string instruments with a history of at least 2,500 years.»
«The Baltic Countries: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania». Lithuanian-American Community. 24. august 1998. Arkivert frå originalen December 26, 2007. Henta 22. desember 2007. «A wooden stringed instrument, similar to the zither, is considered a "national" instrument for all three countries. The Estonian kannel, the Latvian kokles, and the Lithuanian kankles, though similar in design, have distinctive styles.»
«The Qin». Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. «Endowed with cosmological and metaphysical significance and empowered to communicate the deepest feelings, the qin is the most prestigious of China's instruments.»
«Balo». Metropolitan Museum of Art. Henta April 26, 2008.
Von Busack, Richard (August 21–27, 2003). «Accordion Manifesto!»(Reprint). Metroactive. North Bay Bohemian. Henta February 17, 2007. «In Russia, the accordion is practically the national instrument.»
Bayarsaikhan, B.; Jeremy Stoun. Morinkhuur: The Mongolian Horse-head Fiddle(Reprint). Morin Khuur: Self Learning Book. Henta December 17, 2007. «(The morin khuur) is the instrument most associated with Mongolian traditions and culture... (W)e hope this book will help foreigners learn to play the Morin Khuur and spread the word about Mongolia's national instrument throughout the world.»
Calabash Music. «Fula Flute». National Geographic. Arkivert frå originalen 17. januar 2008. Henta February 17, 2008.
Levin, Theodore C. «Kazakhstan». National Geographic World Music. Arkivert frå originalen 14. desember 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «(The dombra) has become the national instrument of Kazakhstan.»
«Croatia». National Geographic World Music. Arkivert frå originalen 26. desember 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «The tamburica is a lutt-like instrument similar to the turkish saz and is the national instrument of Croatia.»
«Saz». Glossary. National Geographic. Arkivert frå originalen December 26, 2007. Henta December 22, 2007. «Considered the national instrument of Turkey.»
Pareles, John (July 10, 1993). «Review of From Half a World Away, Tuva's Unearthly Songs». Review/Music (New York Times). Henta December 26, 2007. «The national instrument of Tuva, the khomuz (jaw harp), also depends on a drone and virtuosically shaped overtones, as a solo piece demonstrated on Thursday night.»
Mirseitova, Sapargul (2005). «Kazakhstan and Its People»(PDF). WLT Kids. World Literature Today. Arkivert frå originalen(PDF) 25. mai 2011. Henta 18. februar 2008.
Bishop, Douglas. «A Worldwide History of the Panflute». Henta December 26, 2007. «This family of pan flutes has many representatives: antara (Quechua) or siku (Aymara), chuli, sanka, malta (the most common variety of siku), toyo (bass siku), and rondador (Ecuador's national instrument, a chorded pan flute).»
Stone, Matthew (6. februar 2002). «Indigenous Music of Caribbean Central America». World Beat: Music From Somewhere Else. PopMatters. Henta 17. desember 2007. «(T)he marimba... has become Guatemala's national instrument.»
«Presidents of Latvia and Slovakia unveil Detva Folklore Festival». Chancery of the President of Latvia. July 8, 2006. Arkivert frå originalen July 16, 2011. Henta April 26, 2008. «van Gasparovič presented Vaira Vike-Freiberga with the Slovakian national instrument fujara that has been included in the UNESCO List of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2005.»
Herzka, H. S. «Dissemination and History». Instruments and Info. Reed Music Tradition. Arkivert frå originalen 22. januar 2016. Henta 21. desember 2007. «For the Greeks, it was the most important of wind instruments, a national instrument. It belonged to the entourage of the god Dionysus, god of fertility, wine, frenzy, ecstasy and rebirth.»
Fink, Michael (2. februar 2003). «Assad Duo, guitars with Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg, violin». Arkivert frå originalen(program notes) December 26, 2007. Henta 21. desember 2007. «Another folk element is a reference to the guitar, considered a national instrument associated with the gauchos of the Pampas region.»
«New England Conservatory Presents the World Premiere of Robert Xavier Rodriguez's El Día de los Muertos». Sequenza21. November 15, 2006. Henta December 21, 2007. «Eschewing all drums except timpani, the score "utilizes a rich assortment of pitched percussion instruments, with prominent use of two marimbas (the marimba being the national instrument of Mexico as well as an apt musical representation of skeletons)," according to the composer.»
Tokita, Alison McQueen; David Hughes. «Context and Change in Japanese Music»(PDF). Henta December 17, 2007. «(I)n the Ryukyus... the sanshin – the Ryukyuan 'national instrument' and direct ancestor of the shamisen – will be favoured.»
Person, Adam; Brant Himes; Mike Harris. «Aerophones»(PDF). Ethnic Instruments Catalog. Seattle Pacific University. s. 6. Arkivert frå originalen(PDF) June 10, 2011. «These flutes are found in other regions but particularly in Polynesia where the nose flute is the "national" instrument.»
«Waldzither - Bibliography of the 19th century». Studia Instrumentorum. Henta 23. mars 2014. «Es ist eine unbedingte Notwendigkeit, dass der Deutsche zu seinen Liedern auch ein echt deutsches Begleitinstrument besitzt. Wie der Spanier seine Gitarre, der Italiener seine Mandoline, der Engländer das Banjo, der Russe die Balalaika usw. sein Nationalinstrument nennt, so sollte der Deutsche seine Laute, die Waldzither, welche schon von Dr. Martin Luther auf der Wartburg im Thüringer Walde (daher der Name Waldzither) gepflegt wurde, zu seinem Nationalinstrument machen. - Liederheft von C. H. Böhm (Hamburg, March 1919)»
Heumann, Michael (August 16, 2004). «Azerbaijan». Almaty or Bust!. Stylus Magazine. Arkivert frå originalen 11. januar 2008. Henta 26. desember 2007. «(T)he Azeri national instrument is a type of bagpipe called a balaban.»
«About the Artists». El Taller Latino Americano. Arkivert frå originalen 25. desember 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «Gyil,... the grandmother of the keyboard family, is the national instrument of the Dagara and Lobi nations of Ghana in West Africa.»
Troop, William (2007). «Global Hit: Dino Saluzzi»(mp3). The World. PRI. Henta 17. desember 2007. «(Dino Saluzzi) is a master of Argentina's national instrument, the button accordion known as the bandoneon.»[daud lenkje]
Corneli, Zoe (February 22, 2007). «Stanford Pan-Asian Musical Festival». The World. PRI. Arkivert frå originalen 31. oktober 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «Abbos Kasimov, the premier percussionist from Uzbekistan, is playing his national instrument, the doira.»
Marrs, Stuart. «Percussion in Costa Rica, 1972-82»(PDF). Percussion Studies. University of Maine. Arkivert frå originalen(PDF) September 4, 2006. Henta 17. desember 2007. «After all, the marimba is the "national instrument" of Costa Rica.»
«Arched Harp». Annotated Checklist of Musical Instruments From East Asia on Display at the National Music Museum. National Music Museum. Henta December 21, 2007. «This highly decorative harp, formerly associated with the Buddhist dynasties that ruled Burma for centuries, is the national instrument of Myanmar.»
«Music in Zimbabwe». Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. March 16, 2006. Arkivert frå originalen December 26, 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «The instrument is, in slightly varying forms, several centuries old and is found in many parts of Africa, but only in Zimbabwe has it risen to become something of a national instrument»
«Montenegrin Music». Visit Montenegro. Arkivert frå originalen 4. april 2015. Henta December 21, 2007. «The beginnings of vocal – instrumental music in Montenegro are neither extravagant nor mystical... the warm sound of fife (reed), patriotic singing of players of gusle (Montenegrin national instrument) or simply a song of the shepherdess in the mountain – were the first, but for Montenegrin music most significant melodic expression.»
Bennett, Caroline. «Music in Peru». Viva Travel Guides. Arkivert frå originalen 17. februar 2022. Henta December 17, 2007. «Native music consists primarily of stringed instruments reminiscent of mandolins and Spanish guitars, including the charanga—Peru's national instrument.»
Fink, Michael (2. februar 2003). «Assad Duo, guitars with Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg, violin». Arkivert frå originalen(program notes) December 26, 2007. Henta 21. desember 2007. «Another folk element is a reference to the guitar, considered a national instrument associated with the gauchos of the Pampas region.»
Heumann, Michael (August 16, 2004). «Azerbaijan». Almaty or Bust!. Stylus Magazine. Arkivert frå originalen 11. januar 2008. Henta 26. desember 2007. «(T)he Azeri national instrument is a type of bagpipe called a balaban.»
Seryogina, Olesya (24. oktober 2007). «Musician's Seven Kurais». Culture. BASHvest. Arkivert frå originalen July 22, 2011. Henta 26. desember 2007. «Music performed on this wonderful Bashkir national instrument is understandable and dear to all.»
Vandervort, Leland. «Andean Instruments». Musica Andina. Arkivert frå originalen 25. desember 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «The cuatro has a very dry sound and is often strummed in syncopation with the rhythm of many musical forms originating from Colombia and Venezuela. The cuatro is also considered the "national instrument" of these two countries.»
Marrs, Stuart. «Percussion in Costa Rica, 1972-82»(PDF). Percussion Studies. University of Maine. Arkivert frå originalen(PDF) September 4, 2006. Henta 17. desember 2007. «After all, the marimba is the "national instrument" of Costa Rica.»
McSweeney, Jim. «Nelson Gonzalez». Congahead. Arkivert frå originalen 4. november 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «The tres is the national instrument of Cuba, and at first glance you'd probably call it a guitar.»
«About the Artists». El Taller Latino Americano. Arkivert frå originalen 25. desember 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «Gyil,... the grandmother of the keyboard family, is the national instrument of the Dagara and Lobi nations of Ghana in West Africa.»
Asplund, Anneli (December 2001). «The Kantele: Finland's National Instrument». Virtual Finland. Arkivert frå originalen 14. mai 2008. Henta 17. desember 2007. «(T)he kantele is an essential part of the power of (the Kalevala and thus became), in the 19th century, the Finns' national instrument.»
Calabash Music. «Fula Flute». National Geographic. Arkivert frå originalen 17. januar 2008. Henta February 17, 2008.
Herzka, H. S. «Dissemination and History». Instruments and Info. Reed Music Tradition. Arkivert frå originalen 22. januar 2016. Henta 21. desember 2007. «For the Greeks, it was the most important of wind instruments, a national instrument. It belonged to the entourage of the god Dionysus, god of fertility, wine, frenzy, ecstasy and rebirth.»
«Visit by Indonesian Culture and Goodwill Delegate». Campus Flash. Kyoto Sangyo University. 3. juli 2007. Arkivert frå originalen 9. mai 2008. Henta 26. desember 2007. «KSU students also enjoyed a performance with the Indonesian national instrument, the Angklung.»
Levin, Theodore C. «Kazakhstan». National Geographic World Music. Arkivert frå originalen 14. desember 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «(The dombra) has become the national instrument of Kazakhstan.»
Mirseitova, Sapargul (2005). «Kazakhstan and Its People»(PDF). WLT Kids. World Literature Today. Arkivert frå originalen(PDF) 25. mai 2011. Henta 18. februar 2008.
Millward, James. «From Camelback to Carnegie Hall: the Global Journey and Modern Makeover of the Pipa». AAS Annual Meeting. Arkivert frå originalen 25. desember 2007. Henta 22. desember 2007. «I note the irony of this transformation: the modernization of the pipa as a Chinese national instrument entailed reworking it to fit the musical standards and contexts of polyphonic Western music.»
«Cobza». Eliznik. 2005. Arkivert frå originalen 3. mai 2009. Henta December 21, 2007.
«Croatia». National Geographic World Music. Arkivert frå originalen 26. desember 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «The tamburica is a lutt-like instrument similar to the turkish saz and is the national instrument of Croatia.»
Kerbaj, Mazen (Mars 2006). «Live in Beirut» (liner notes). Peter Brötzmann and Michael Zerang. Al Maslakh Records. Arkivert frå originalen 21. januar 2020. Henta 21. desember 2007. «Zerang ensorcelled the crowd, especially when he played hard-core rhythms and extended techniques on the Lebanese national percussion instrument, the darbuka (or debakeh).»
«Lithuania». Baltic and Finno-Ugric. Digelius Nordic Gallery. 29. februar 2004. Arkivert frå originalen 10. desember 2007. Henta 26. desember 2007.
«The Baltic Countries: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania». Lithuanian-American Community. 24. august 1998. Arkivert frå originalen December 26, 2007. Henta 22. desember 2007. «A wooden stringed instrument, similar to the zither, is considered a "national" instrument for all three countries. The Estonian kannel, the Latvian kokles, and the Lithuanian kankles, though similar in design, have distinctive styles.»
«Afropop Glossary». Afropop. Arkivert frå originalen December 18, 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «zither, national instrument of Madagascar, similar in sound to the kora»
«Montenegrin Music». Visit Montenegro. Arkivert frå originalen 4. april 2015. Henta December 21, 2007. «The beginnings of vocal – instrumental music in Montenegro are neither extravagant nor mystical... the warm sound of fife (reed), patriotic singing of players of gusle (Montenegrin national instrument) or simply a song of the shepherdess in the mountain – were the first, but for Montenegrin music most significant melodic expression.»
Rosenberg, Dan. «Afro Peruvian». Afropop. Arkivert frå originalen 31. oktober 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «These wooden boxes were soon developed into the cajon, the large wooden box that today is the national instrument of Peru.»
Bennett, Caroline. «Music in Peru». Viva Travel Guides. Arkivert frå originalen 17. februar 2022. Henta December 17, 2007. «Native music consists primarily of stringed instruments reminiscent of mandolins and Spanish guitars, including the charanga—Peru's national instrument.»
Aning, Jerome (November 23, 2007). «Rondalla maestro makes strong pitch for banduria». Inquirer Entertainment. Inquirer. Arkivert frå originalen May 27, 2008. Henta December 22, 2007. «A respected rondalla maestro is pushing for the adoption of the banduria as the country's national musical instrument to stimulate interest in its study and cultivation.»
Person, Adam; Brant Himes; Mike Harris. «Aerophones»(PDF). Ethnic Instruments Catalog. Seattle Pacific University. s. 6. Arkivert frå originalen(PDF) June 10, 2011. «These flutes are found in other regions but particularly in Polynesia where the nose flute is the "national" instrument.»
«Biographical Notes». XVII Macao Internacional Music Festival. Instituto Cultural do Governo da R.A.E. de Macau. Arkivert frå originalen June 9, 2011. Henta December 26, 2007. «His book, The Portuguese Guitar, Lisbon 1999, is the first monograph on this national instrument's origins and historical evolution, iconography, organological study and repertoire.»
«Presidents of Latvia and Slovakia unveil Detva Folklore Festival». Chancery of the President of Latvia. July 8, 2006. Arkivert frå originalen July 16, 2011. Henta April 26, 2008. «van Gasparovič presented Vaira Vike-Freiberga with the Slovakian national instrument fujara that has been included in the UNESCO List of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity in 2005.»
Randy Raine-Reusch (May 2002). «Fujara - Slovakia». World Instrument Gallery. Arkivert frå originalen May 25, 2008. Henta April 26, 2008.
«The Swiss National Instrument». Swiss Alpine Music. Arkivert frå originalen 12. mai 2021. Henta December 21, 2007. «In 1827 the musicologist Joseph Fétis pronounced the alphorn to be the Swiss national instrument.»
«Saz». Glossary. National Geographic. Arkivert frå originalen December 26, 2007. Henta December 22, 2007. «Considered the national instrument of Turkey.»
«Puppet Theatre». Washington Folk Festival. 2. juni 2007. Arkivert frå originalen 12. oktober 2007. Henta 17. desember 2007. «There was great admiration for his virtuosity on their national instrument»
Corneli, Zoe (February 22, 2007). «Stanford Pan-Asian Musical Festival». The World. PRI. Arkivert frå originalen 31. oktober 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «Abbos Kasimov, the premier percussionist from Uzbekistan, is playing his national instrument, the doira.»
«Music in Zimbabwe». Nordiska Afrikainstitutet. March 16, 2006. Arkivert frå originalen December 26, 2007. Henta December 17, 2007. «The instrument is, in slightly varying forms, several centuries old and is found in many parts of Africa, but only in Zimbabwe has it risen to become something of a national instrument»
Hartmann, Arthur (1916). «The Czimbalom, Hungary's National Instrument». The Musical QuarterlyII (4): 590–600. JSTOR737942. doi:10.1093/mq/II.4.590. «(The cimbalom) is the one instrument which so deeply speaks to (the heart of the Hungarian people) which translates the melancholy of the deserts and which in every way expresses (the Hungarian) world of emotions.»
Chorley, Henry Fothergill; Henry G. Hewlett (May 1, 1880). «The National Music of the World». The Musical Times and Singing Class Circular (Musical Times Publications Ltd.) 21 (447): 240–241. JSTOR3357258. doi:10.2307/3357258. «Much is said... about Welsh airs and the national instrument, the harp»
