Neumann, Franz (1957). «9». The democratic and the authoritarian state; essays in political and legal theory. https://archive.org/details/democraticauthor00neum/page/n9/mode/2up. «By dictatorship we understand the rule of a person or a group of persons who arrogate to themselves and monopolize power in the state, exercising it without restraint.»Ekstern lenke i |utgiver= (hjelp)
Steve Holland, Jeff Mason og Andrea Shalal (13. februar 2025). «Biden warns that an oligarchy is forming that threatens US democracy». Reuters. «"Today, an oligarchy is taking shape in America of extreme wealth, power, and influence that really threatens our entire democracy, our basic rights and freedom, and a fair shot for everyone to get ahead," Biden said.»
Elise A. Løvereide (2015). «Fra hersker til snorklipper – da monarkiene forsvant»(PDF). UiB. Besøkt 12. februar 2025. «Wright m.fl. (2012) og Geddes (2003) skiller mellom to hovedtyper av autoritære regimer: personalist regimes og non- personalist regimes. Sistnevnte kan være militært, dominant partistat, totalitært eller korporativt»
