Mixon, F. G., Sawyer, W. C., & Treviño, L. J. (2004). Vertical and horizontal trust networks in bureaucracies: Evidence from the Third Reich. Constitutional Political Economy, 15(4), 371-381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10602-004-7769-4
Katz, Dovid (2. september 2017). «The Extraordinary Recent History of Holocaust Studies in Lithuania». Dapim: Studies on the Holocaust. 3. 31: 285–295. ISSN2325-6249. doi:10.1080/23256249.2017.1395530. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «The current Double Genocide myth, which posits supposed equality in principle of Nazi and Soviet crimes, has come to have its own foundational document, the 2008 Prague Declaration, which boasts the word ‘same’ five times, demanding inter alia that ‘consciousness of the crimes against humanity committed by the Communist regimes throughout the continent must inform all European minds to the same extent as the Nazi regime's crimes did.»
Radonić, Ljiljana (2. oktober 2018). «From “Double Genocide” to “the New Jews”: Holocaust, Genocide and Mass Violence in Post-Communist Memorial Museums». Journal of Genocide Research. 4. 20: 510–529. ISSN1462-3528. doi:10.1080/14623528.2018.1522831. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «Does “Holocaust envy” spring from the fact that “the Jews” have successfully monopolized the moral high ground and developed some kind of Holocaust industry allowing them to profit from their almost annihilation? This line of reasoning amounts to a form of secondary, post-Holocaust antisemitism....Given how well established the “double genocide” paradigm is in Lithuania and Latvia, it is hardly surprising that the relevant museums in both countries treat Holocaust memory as something that needs to be contained in order not to threaten “our” victim narratives.»
«The woman accusing her Lithuanian ‘hero’ grandfather of mass murder in the Holocaust». Haaretz.com(engelsk). 02.02.2019. Besøkt 21. november 2020. «But Gochin isn’t optimistic. “I don’t believe that the court will rule for me, as this would be an admission that the government has engaged in Holocaust denial and distortion,” he says. “Noreika is only one of very many Holocaust criminals they have honored, and if the deliberateness of this is openly established, the national narrative will be brought into question.” Still, Gochin promises that if Noreika isn’t denounced as a war criminal, he will petition the European Court of Human Rights.»
«Pope honours Jewish victims and oppressed Lithuanians who suffered during Soviet and Nazi occupation». The Independent(engelsk). 23. september 2018. Besøkt 5. november 2018. «He denounced those who get caught up in debating who was more virtuous in the past and fail to address the tasks of the present – an apparently veiled reference to historic revisionism that is afflicting much of Eastern Europe as it comes to terms with the Holocaust.»
«Yad Vashem in spat with Lithuania over Holocaust survivor». The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com(engelsk). 18. september 2011. Besøkt 15. mai 2021. «“Two people came from the Ministry of Justice who usually work with the Interpol following a request by the Lithuanians,” Melamed told The Jerusalem Post on Saturday. “It was not an investigation, but they asked about a list of Lithuanian murderers we had put out 15 years earlier.”»
«Lithuania's ruling party drafting bill exonerating nation from Holocaust crimes». Jewish Telegraphic Agency(engelsk). 3. januar 2020. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «The bill will be titled “The Lithuanian state, which was occupied in 1940-1990, did not participate in the Holocaust,” according to Gumuliauskas. He is a member of Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis’ Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union party.»
Nordland, Rod (30. mars 2018). «Where the Genocide Museum Is (Mostly) Mum on the Fate of Jews». New York Times(engelsk). Besøkt 7. november 2018. «And in the city, there is a huge Museum of Genocide Victims. That, however, is where the glowing picture suddenly becomes murky. Until recent years, the museum, in what was once the headquarters for the Nazi S.S. and later the K.G.B., the Soviet secret police and intelligence apparatus, did not even mention the Holocaust, in which the German Nazis used Lithuanian partisans and police to round up and kill the country’s Jews. Dovid Katz, a Jewish scholar of Yiddish and a historian with Lithuanian ancestry, called the museum “a 21st-century version of Holocaust denial.” Mr. Katz, an American who lives in Vilnius, edits the Defending History website, devoted to challenging what he sees as Lithuania’s revisionist approach to the Holocaust.»
Nordland, Rod (30. mars 2018). «Where the Genocide Museum Is (Mostly) Mum on the Fate of Jews (Published 2018)». The New York Times(engelsk). ISSN0362-4331. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «Mr. Katz, the scholar, is among those who has described the Lithuanian approach to its history as “double genocide” — meaning an effort to equate the Soviet occupations in Eastern Europe with the Holocaust by, for example, having national holidays commemorating both Nazi and Soviet evils on the same day.»
«Nazi Collaborator or National Hero? A Test for Lithuania». New York Times(engelsk). 10. september 2018. Besøkt 5. november 2018. «It was also shocking for Jolanda Tamosiuniene, a teacher and librarian at the J. Noreika Basic School in Sukioniai, where Mr. Noreika was born at the end of the hamlet’s only street in 1910. What shocked her, however, was not Ms. Foti’s discovery that her grandfather was complicit in the Holocaust — that was not really news to locals — but that a member of a patriotic émigré family had gone public and turned a private family matter into a public national shame. “We have all heard things about what Noreika did during the war,” Ms. Tamosiuniene said. “He obviously took the wrong path. But his granddaughter should have kept quiet. Every family has its ugly things, but they don’t talk about them. It is better to stay silent.”»
Shaer, Joakim Eskildsen,Matthew (november 2018). «The Words of a Young Jewish Poet Provoke Soul-Searching in Lithuania». Smithsonian(engelsk). Besøkt 5. november 2018. «The killing of Jews had never fit comfortably with the Soviet narrative of the war, which framed it in Manichaean terms—fascists on one side, resisters on the other. Nor did it mesh with the post-Soviet Lithuanian narrative that resolutely turned its gaze from local complicity in the murder of the country’s Jews. (…) Even after independence, local historians acknowledged the atrocities but placed the blame mainly on the Nazi occupiers. Lithuanian collaborators were written off as drunks and criminals. This was something I heard often. The killers may have been our countrymen, but they were nothing like us.»
Olschwang, Leonid (23. april 1984). «„Die Mörder werden noch gebraucht“». Der Spiegel. 17. Besøkt 5. november 2018. «Die meisten Litauer in Stutthof aber waren ehemalige Offiziere, darunter der Hauptmann Buragas, dem als Referenten für jüdische Angelegenheiten auch das Getto von Wilna unterstanden hatte, und jener Hauptmann Jonas Noreika, der den Mord an der jüdischen Bevölkerung der Stadt Plunge angeordnet und ausgeführt hatte.»
Freedland, Jonathan (14. september 2010). «I see why 'double genocide' is a term Lithuanians want. But it appals me | Jonathan Freedland». The Guardian(engelsk). ISSN0261-3077. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «But, no matter how great an effort of empathy I make, I cannot go along with the "double genocide", especially not now that I've seen how it plays out in practice rather than in theory. For one thing, the equation of Nazi and communist crimes rarely entails an honest account of the former. The plaque at the Ninth Fort, for instance, identifies the killers only as "Nazis and their assistants". It does not spell out that those assistants were Lithuanian volunteers, enthusiastically murdering their fellow Lithuanians.»
Liphshiz, Cnaan (27. mars 2019). «Lithuanian court rejects lawsuit against state honors for Nazi collaborator». www.timesofisrael.com(engelsk). Besøkt 21. november 2020. «The case is thought to be the first in which civil servants publicly defended in court the actions and good name of an alleged collaborator with the Nazis.»
«In new Holocaust controversy, Lithuanian law would ban books critical of country». Times of Israel(engelsk). 3. april 2018. Besøkt 7. november 2018. «The bill, which Economy Minister Virginijus Sinkevičius submitted Monday, is widely seen as a response to the controversy in Lithuania around the publication of a 2016 book about the Holocaust titled “Our People.” Viewed by some nationalists as an insult against the Lithuanian nation, it is also credited with breaking some taboos in Lithuanian society about collaboration during World War II.»
Liphshiz, Cnaan (15. januar 2020). «Following Poland’s lead, Lithuania proposes controversial Holocaust law». www.timesofisrael.com(engelsk). Besøkt 13. november 2020. «“The Lithuanian state did not participate in the Holocaust because it was occupied, just as the Lithuanian nation could not participate in the Holocaust because it was enslaved,” said the lawmaker, Arunas Gumuliauskas.»
«Nazi Collaborator Aleksandras Lileikis Dies at 93 in Lithuania». Washington Post(engelsk). 30. september 2000. ISSN0190-8286. Besøkt 14. oktober 2018. «Mr. Lileikis always maintained his innocence, saying he did not know what happened to the Jews he turned over to Nazi authorities and asserting that he was a member of the Resistance. But in a 1997 interview with a Vilnius newspaper, he acknowledged at least partial complicity in war crimes. "All of us were collaborators--the whole nation, since it was acting according to Nazi laws," he told the Respublika newspaper. "I needed to clothe myself and eat. I was offered a job, and I accepted it. "I got into a mess, and I got stuck. . . . So probably I made mistakes," he said. "Mistakes, or let's say the 'crimes' which I am accused of."»
Freedland, Jonathan (14. september 2010). «I see why 'double genocide' is a term Lithuanians want. But it appals me | Jonathan Freedland». The Guardian(engelsk). ISSN0261-3077. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «But, no matter how great an effort of empathy I make, I cannot go along with the "double genocide", especially not now that I've seen how it plays out in practice rather than in theory. For one thing, the equation of Nazi and communist crimes rarely entails an honest account of the former. The plaque at the Ninth Fort, for instance, identifies the killers only as "Nazis and their assistants". It does not spell out that those assistants were Lithuanian volunteers, enthusiastically murdering their fellow Lithuanians.»
Katz, Dovid (2. september 2017). «The Extraordinary Recent History of Holocaust Studies in Lithuania». Dapim: Studies on the Holocaust. 3. 31: 285–295. ISSN2325-6249. doi:10.1080/23256249.2017.1395530. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «The current Double Genocide myth, which posits supposed equality in principle of Nazi and Soviet crimes, has come to have its own foundational document, the 2008 Prague Declaration, which boasts the word ‘same’ five times, demanding inter alia that ‘consciousness of the crimes against humanity committed by the Communist regimes throughout the continent must inform all European minds to the same extent as the Nazi regime's crimes did.»
Nordland, Rod (30. mars 2018). «Where the Genocide Museum Is (Mostly) Mum on the Fate of Jews (Published 2018)». The New York Times(engelsk). ISSN0362-4331. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «Mr. Katz, the scholar, is among those who has described the Lithuanian approach to its history as “double genocide” — meaning an effort to equate the Soviet occupations in Eastern Europe with the Holocaust by, for example, having national holidays commemorating both Nazi and Soviet evils on the same day.»
Radonić, Ljiljana (2. oktober 2018). «From “Double Genocide” to “the New Jews”: Holocaust, Genocide and Mass Violence in Post-Communist Memorial Museums». Journal of Genocide Research. 4. 20: 510–529. ISSN1462-3528. doi:10.1080/14623528.2018.1522831. Besøkt 13. november 2020. «Does “Holocaust envy” spring from the fact that “the Jews” have successfully monopolized the moral high ground and developed some kind of Holocaust industry allowing them to profit from their almost annihilation? This line of reasoning amounts to a form of secondary, post-Holocaust antisemitism....Given how well established the “double genocide” paradigm is in Lithuania and Latvia, it is hardly surprising that the relevant museums in both countries treat Holocaust memory as something that needs to be contained in order not to threaten “our” victim narratives.»
«Nazi Collaborator Aleksandras Lileikis Dies at 93 in Lithuania». Washington Post(engelsk). 30. september 2000. ISSN0190-8286. Besøkt 14. oktober 2018. «Mr. Lileikis always maintained his innocence, saying he did not know what happened to the Jews he turned over to Nazi authorities and asserting that he was a member of the Resistance. But in a 1997 interview with a Vilnius newspaper, he acknowledged at least partial complicity in war crimes. "All of us were collaborators--the whole nation, since it was acting according to Nazi laws," he told the Respublika newspaper. "I needed to clothe myself and eat. I was offered a job, and I accepted it. "I got into a mess, and I got stuck. . . . So probably I made mistakes," he said. "Mistakes, or let's say the 'crimes' which I am accused of."»
