Posttraumatisk stresslidelse (Norwegian Wikipedia)

Joseph, JS (2008). «Exposure Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder». Journal of Behavior Analysis of Offender and Victim: Treatment and Prevention. 1 (4): 69–80. Arkivert fra originalen 2. mai 2010. Besøkt 10. mai 2010.
Spates, R. & Souza (2007). Treatment of PTSD and Substance Abuse Comorbidity. The Behavior Analyst Today, 9 (1), 11-26 http://www.baojournal.com

biopsychiatry.com

[248] ^ SSRIs versus Non-SSRIs in Post-traumatic Stress Disorder , Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

casey.org

Casey Family Programs (2005). «Assessing the Effects of Foster Care: Mental Health Outcomes from the Casey National Alumni Study» (PDF). Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 18. september 2010. «Arkivert kopi» (PDF). Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 18. september 2010. Besøkt 29. august 2010.

clinicalpsychiatrynews.com

Khoshnu, E (oktober 2006). «Clonidine for Treatment of PTSD». Clinical Psychiatry News. 34 (10): 22. Besøkt 9. februar 2010. ^{[død lenke]}

cpa-apc.org

publications.cpa-apc.org

Brunet A, Akerib V, Birmes P (2007). «Don't throw out the baby with the bathwater (PTSD is not overdiagnosed)». Can J Psychiatry. 52 (8): 501–2; discussion 503. PMID 17955912. Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 2. desember 2008. Besøkt 12. mars 2008. «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 2. desember 2008. Besøkt 29. august 2010.

doi.org

Kelleher, I. (2008). «Associations between childhood trauma, bullying and psychotic symptoms among a school-based adolescent sample». Br J Psychiatry. 193 (5): 378–82. PMID 18978317. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.049536.
Binder, MD. PhD, E. B. (2008). «Association of FKBP5 Polymorphisms and Childhood Abuse With Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Adults». JAMA. 299 (11): 1291–1305. PMC 2441757 . PMID 18349090. doi:10.1001/jama.299.11.1291. Besøkt 31. mars 2008.
Yehuda R, Halligan SL, Golier JA, Grossman R, Bierer LM (2004). «Effects of trauma exposure on the cortisol response to dexamethasone administration in PTSD and major depressive disorder». Psychoneuroendocrinology. 29 (3): 389–404. PMID 14644068. doi:10.1016/S0306-4530(03)00052-0.
Yehuda R, Halligan SL, Grossman R, Golier JA, Wong C (2002). «The cortisol and glucocorticoid receptor response to low dose dexamethasone administration in aging combat veterans and holocaust survivors with and without posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol Psychiatry. 52 (5): 393–403. PMID 12242055. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01357-4.
Mason JW, Giller EL, Kosten TR, Harkness L (1988). «Elevation of urinary norepinephrine/cortisol ratio in posttraumatic stress disorder». J Nerv Ment Dis. 176 (8): 498–502. PMID 3404142. doi:10.1097/00005053-198808000-00008.
Geracioti TD Jr, Baker DG, Ekhator NN, West SA, Hill KK, Bruce AB, Schmidt D, Rounds-Kugler B, Yehuda R, Keck PE Jr, Kasckow JW (2001). «CSF norepinephrine concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder». Am J Psychiatry. 158 (8): 1227–1230. PMID 11481155. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.8.1227.
Sautter FJ, Bisette G, Wiley J, Manguno-Mire G, Schoenbachler B, Myers L, Johnson JE, Cerbone A, Malaspina D (2003). «Corticotropin-releasing factor in posttraumatic stress disorder with secondary psychotic symptoms, nonpsychotic PTSD, and healthy control subjects». Biol Psychiatry. 54 (12): 1382–8. PMID 14675802. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00571-7.
de Kloet CS, Vermetten E, Geuze E, Lentjes EG, Heijnen CJ, Stalla GK, Westenberg HG (2008). «Elevated plasma corticotrophin-releasing hormone levels in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder». Prog Brain Res. 167: 287–91. PMID 18037027. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)67025-3.
Yehuda R (2002). «Clinical relevance of biologic findings in PTSD». Psychiatr Q. 73 (2): 123–33. PMID 12025720. doi:10.1023/A:1015055711424.
Aardal-Eriksson E, Eriksson TE, Thorell LH (2001). «Salivary cortisol, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and general health in the acute phase and during 9-month follow-up». Biol. Psychiatry. 50 (12): 986–93. PMID 11750895. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01253-7.
Lindley SE, Carlson EB, Benoit M (2004). «Basal and dexamethasone suppressed salivary cortisol concentrations in a community sample of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol. Psychiatry. 55 (9): 940–5. PMID 15110738. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.021.
Breslau N, Kessler RC, Chilcoat HD, Schultz LR, Davis GC, Andreski P (1998). «Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: the 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma». Arch Gen Psychiatry. 55 (7): 626–32. PMID 9672053. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.626. ^{[død lenke]}
Koenen KC, Moffitt TE, Poulton R, Martin J, Caspi A (2007). «Early childhood factors associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort». Psychol Med. 37 (2): 181–92. PMC 2254221 . PMID 17052377. doi:10.1017/S0033291706009019.
Otte C, Neylan TC, Pole N; m.fl. (2005). «Association between childhood trauma and catecholamine response to psychological stress in police academy recruits». Biol. Psychiatry. 57 (1): 27–32. PMID 15607297. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.009.
Laor N, Wolmer L, Mayes LC, Gershon A, Weizman R, Cohen DJ (1997). «Israeli preschool children under Scuds: a 30-month follow-up». J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 36 (3): 349–56. PMID 9055515. doi:10.1097/00004583-199703000-00013.
Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM; m.fl. (1995). «The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale». J Trauma Stress. 8 (1): 75–90. PMID 7712061. doi:10.1002/jts.2490080106.
Feldner MT, Monson CM, Friedman MJ (2007). «A critical analysis of approaches to targeted PTSD prevention: current status and theoretically derived future directions». Behav Modif. 31 (1): 80–116. PMID 17179532. doi:10.1177/0145445506295057.
Carlier, IVE (1998). «Disaster-related post-traumatic stress in police officers: A field study of the impact of debriefing». Stress Medicine. 14 (3): 143–8. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1700(199807)14:3<143::AID-SMI770>3.0.CO;2-S. ^{[død lenke]}
Mayou RA, Ehlers A, Hobbs M (2000). «Psychological debriefing for road traffic accident victims. Three-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial». Br J Psychiatry. 176: 589–93. PMID 10974967. doi:10.1192/bjp.176.6.589.
Brom D, Kleber RJ, Defares PB (1989). «Brief psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorders». J Consult Clin Psychol. 57 (5): 607–12. PMID 2571625. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.57.5.607.
Bisson JI, Ehlers A, Matthews R, Pilling S, Richards D, Turner S (2007). «Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Systematic review and meta-analysis». The British Journal of Psychiatry : the journal of mental science. 190: 97–104. PMID 17267924. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.021402.
Seidler GH, Wagner FE (2006). «Comparing the efficacy of EMDR and trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of PTSD: a meta-analytic study». Psychol Med. 36 (11): 1515–22. PMID 16740177. doi:10.1017/S0033291706007963.
Devilly GJ & Spence SH (1999). «The relative efficacy and treatment distress of EMDR and a cognitive-behavior trauma treatment protocol in the amelioration of posttraumatic stress disorder». J Anxiety Disord. 13 (1-2): 131–57. PMID 10225505. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00044-9.
Ursano RJ, Bell C, Eth S; m.fl. (2004). «Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder». Am J Psychiatry. 161 (11 Suppl): 3–31. PMID 15617511. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.3.
Brewin CR, Andrews B, Valentine JD (2000). «Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults». J Consult Clin Psychol. 68 (5): 748–66. PMID 11068961. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.68.5.748.
Ozer EJ, Best SR, Lipsey TL, Weiss DS (2003). «Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: a meta-analysis». Psychol Bull. 129 (1): 52–73. PMID 12555794. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.52.
Bleiberg KL, Markowitz JC (2005). «A pilot study of interpersonal psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder». Am J Psychiatry. 162 (1): 181–3. PMID 15625219. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.181.
Pitman RK, Sanders KM, Zusman RM; m.fl. (2002). «Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol». Biol. Psychiatry. 51 (2): 189–92. PMID 11822998. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01279-3.
Schelling G, Roozendaal B, Krauseneck T, Schmoelz M, DE Quervain D, Briegel J. (2006). «Efficacy of hydrocortisone in preventing posttraumatic stress disorder following critical illness and major surgery.». Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1071: 46–53. PMID 16891561. doi:10.1196/annals.1364.005.
Weis F, Kilger E, Roozendaal B, de Quervain DJ, Lamm P, Schmidt M, Schmölz M, Briegel J, Schelling G. (2006). «Stress doses of hydrocortisone reduce chronic stress symptoms and improve health-related quality of life in high-risk patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized study.». J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 131 (2): 277–282. PMID 16434254. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.07.063.
Schelling G, Kilger E, Roozendaal B, de Quervain DJ, Briegel J, Dagge A, Rothenhäusler HB, Krauseneck T, Nollert G, Kapfhammer HP. (2004). «Stress doses of hydrocortisone, traumatic memories, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized study.». Biol Psychiatry. 55 (6): 627–633. PMID 15013832. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.09.014.
Holbrook, T.L.; Galarneau, MR; Dye, JL; Quinn, K; Dougherty, AL; m.fl. (14. januar 2010). «Morphine use after combat injury in Iraq and post-traumatic stress disorder.». N Engl J Med. 362 (110): 110–7. PMID 20071700. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0903326. Besøkt 5. februar 2009.
Hertzberg MA, Butterfield MI, Feldman ME; m.fl. (1999). «A preliminary study of lamotrigine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol. Psychiatry. 45 (9): 1226–9. PMID 10331117. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00011-6.
Berger, W.; Mendlowicz, MV.; Marques-Portella, C.; Kinrys, G.; Fontenelle, LF.; Marmar, CR.; Figueira, I. (2009). «Pharmacologic alternatives to antidepressants in posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review.». Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 33 (2): 169–80. PMC 2720612 . PMID 19141307. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.12.004.
Cooper, J.; Carty, J.; Creamer, M. (2005). «Pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: empirical review and clinical recommendations.». Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 39 (8): 674–82. PMID 16050921. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1614.2005.01651.x.
Marshall RD, Beebe KL, Oldham M, Zaninelli R (2001). «Efficacy and safety of paroxetine treatment for chronic PTSD: a fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study». Am J Psychiatry. 158 (12): 1982–8. PMID 11729013. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.12.1982.
Brady K, Pearlstein T, Asnis GM; m.fl. (2000). «Efficacy and safety of sertraline treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial». JAMA. 283 (14): 1837–44. PMID 10770145. doi:10.1001/jama.283.14.1837.
Davidson JR, Rothbaum BO, van der Kolk BA, Sikes CR, Farfel GM (2001). «Multicenter, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder». Arch Gen Psychiatry. 58 (5): 485–92. PMID 11343529. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.485. ^{[død lenke]}

elsevier.com

linkinghub.elsevier.com

Hertzberg MA, Butterfield MI, Feldman ME; m.fl. (1999). «A preliminary study of lamotrigine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol. Psychiatry. 45 (9): 1226–9. PMID 10331117. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00011-6.

guideline.gov

«Practice Guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder». Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association. 2004. Arkivert fra originalen . Besøkt 29. august 2010. «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 1. oktober 2006. Besøkt 29. august 2010.

harvard.edu

hcp.med.harvard.edu

National Comorbidity Survey

jimcaseyyouth.org

«Former Foster Children in Oregon and Washington Suffer Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at Twice the Rate of U.S War Veterans» (PDF) (pressemelding). Casey Family Programs, Harvard Medical School. 5. april 2005. Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 21. februar 2007. Besøkt 23. mars 2010. «Arkivert kopi» (PDF). Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 21. februar 2007. Besøkt 29. august 2010.

medpagetoday.com

Peggy Peck, Executive Editor (9. mars 2008). «Genes May Affect Lifelong Impact of Child Abuse». MedPage Today.

nejm.org

content.nejm.org

Holbrook, T.L.; Galarneau, MR; Dye, JL; Quinn, K; Dougherty, AL; m.fl. (14. januar 2010). «Morphine use after combat injury in Iraq and post-traumatic stress disorder.». N Engl J Med. 362 (110): 110–7. PMID 20071700. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0903326. Besøkt 5. februar 2009.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Brunet A, Akerib V, Birmes P (2007). «Don't throw out the baby with the bathwater (PTSD is not overdiagnosed)». Can J Psychiatry. 52 (8): 501–2; discussion 503. PMID 17955912. Arkivert fra originalen (PDF) 2. desember 2008. Besøkt 12. mars 2008. «Arkivert kopi». Arkivert fra originalen 2. desember 2008. Besøkt 29. august 2010.
Kelleher, I. (2008). «Associations between childhood trauma, bullying and psychotic symptoms among a school-based adolescent sample». Br J Psychiatry. 193 (5): 378–82. PMID 18978317. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.108.049536.
Binder, MD. PhD, E. B. (2008). «Association of FKBP5 Polymorphisms and Childhood Abuse With Risk of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Adults». JAMA. 299 (11): 1291–1305. PMC 2441757 . PMID 18349090. doi:10.1001/jama.299.11.1291. Besøkt 31. mars 2008.
Yehuda R, Halligan SL, Golier JA, Grossman R, Bierer LM (2004). «Effects of trauma exposure on the cortisol response to dexamethasone administration in PTSD and major depressive disorder». Psychoneuroendocrinology. 29 (3): 389–404. PMID 14644068. doi:10.1016/S0306-4530(03)00052-0.
Yehuda R, Halligan SL, Grossman R, Golier JA, Wong C (2002). «The cortisol and glucocorticoid receptor response to low dose dexamethasone administration in aging combat veterans and holocaust survivors with and without posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol Psychiatry. 52 (5): 393–403. PMID 12242055. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01357-4.
Mason JW, Giller EL, Kosten TR, Harkness L (1988). «Elevation of urinary norepinephrine/cortisol ratio in posttraumatic stress disorder». J Nerv Ment Dis. 176 (8): 498–502. PMID 3404142. doi:10.1097/00005053-198808000-00008.
[38] ^ Bohnen N, Nicolson N, Sulon J, Jolles J. Coping style, trait anxiety and cortisol reactivity during mental stress. J Psychosom Res. 1991; 35 (2-3) :141-7..PMID 2046048
Geracioti TD Jr, Baker DG, Ekhator NN, West SA, Hill KK, Bruce AB, Schmidt D, Rounds-Kugler B, Yehuda R, Keck PE Jr, Kasckow JW (2001). «CSF norepinephrine concentrations in posttraumatic stress disorder». Am J Psychiatry. 158 (8): 1227–1230. PMID 11481155. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.8.1227.
Sautter FJ, Bisette G, Wiley J, Manguno-Mire G, Schoenbachler B, Myers L, Johnson JE, Cerbone A, Malaspina D (2003). «Corticotropin-releasing factor in posttraumatic stress disorder with secondary psychotic symptoms, nonpsychotic PTSD, and healthy control subjects». Biol Psychiatry. 54 (12): 1382–8. PMID 14675802. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(03)00571-7.
de Kloet CS, Vermetten E, Geuze E, Lentjes EG, Heijnen CJ, Stalla GK, Westenberg HG (2008). «Elevated plasma corticotrophin-releasing hormone levels in veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder». Prog Brain Res. 167: 287–91. PMID 18037027. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)67025-3.
Yehuda R (2002). «Clinical relevance of biologic findings in PTSD». Psychiatr Q. 73 (2): 123–33. PMID 12025720. doi:10.1023/A:1015055711424.
Aardal-Eriksson E, Eriksson TE, Thorell LH (2001). «Salivary cortisol, posttraumatic stress symptoms, and general health in the acute phase and during 9-month follow-up». Biol. Psychiatry. 50 (12): 986–93. PMID 11750895. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01253-7.
Lindley SE, Carlson EB, Benoit M (2004). «Basal and dexamethasone suppressed salivary cortisol concentrations in a community sample of patients with posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol. Psychiatry. 55 (9): 940–5. PMID 15110738. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.12.021.
True WR, Rice J, Eisen SA; m.fl. (1993). «A twin study of genetic and environmental contributions to liability for posttraumatic stress symptoms». Arch. Gen. Psychiatry. 50 (4): 257–64. PMID 8466386.
Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromet E, Hughes M, Nelson CB (1995). «Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey». Arch Gen Psychiatry. 52 (12): 1048–60. PMID 7492257.
Breslau N, Kessler RC, Chilcoat HD, Schultz LR, Davis GC, Andreski P (1998). «Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in the community: the 1996 Detroit Area Survey of Trauma». Arch Gen Psychiatry. 55 (7): 626–32. PMID 9672053. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.626. ^{[død lenke]}
Koenen KC, Moffitt TE, Poulton R, Martin J, Caspi A (2007). «Early childhood factors associated with the development of post-traumatic stress disorder: results from a longitudinal birth cohort». Psychol Med. 37 (2): 181–92. PMC 2254221 . PMID 17052377. doi:10.1017/S0033291706009019.
Lapp KG, Bosworth HB, Strauss JL; m.fl. (2005). «Lifetime sexual and physical victimization among male veterans with combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder». Mil Med. 170 (9): 787–90. PMID 16261985.
Otte C, Neylan TC, Pole N; m.fl. (2005). «Association between childhood trauma and catecholamine response to psychological stress in police academy recruits». Biol. Psychiatry. 57 (1): 27–32. PMID 15607297. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.10.009.
Resnick HS, Yehuda R, Pitman RK, Foy DW (1995). «Effect of previous trauma on acute plasma cortisol level following rape». Am J Psychiatry. 152 (11): 1675–7. PMID 7485635.
Laor N, Wolmer L, Mayes LC; m.fl. (1996). «Israeli preschoolers under Scud missile attacks. A developmental perspective on risk-modifying factors». Arch Gen Psychiatry. 53 (5): 416–23. PMID 8624185.
Laor N, Wolmer L, Mayes LC, Gershon A, Weizman R, Cohen DJ (1997). «Israeli preschool children under Scuds: a 30-month follow-up». J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 36 (3): 349–56. PMID 9055515. doi:10.1097/00004583-199703000-00013.
Blake DD, Weathers FW, Nagy LM; m.fl. (1995). «The development of a Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale». J Trauma Stress. 8 (1): 75–90. PMID 7712061. doi:10.1002/jts.2490080106.
Feldner MT, Monson CM, Friedman MJ (2007). «A critical analysis of approaches to targeted PTSD prevention: current status and theoretically derived future directions». Behav Modif. 31 (1): 80–116. PMID 17179532. doi:10.1177/0145445506295057.
Mayou RA, Ehlers A, Hobbs M (2000). «Psychological debriefing for road traffic accident victims. Three-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial». Br J Psychiatry. 176: 589–93. PMID 10974967. doi:10.1192/bjp.176.6.589.
Brom D, Kleber RJ, Defares PB (1989). «Brief psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorders». J Consult Clin Psychol. 57 (5): 607–12. PMID 2571625. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.57.5.607.
Bisson JI, Ehlers A, Matthews R, Pilling S, Richards D, Turner S (2007). «Psychological treatments for chronic post-traumatic stress disorder. Systematic review and meta-analysis». The British Journal of Psychiatry : the journal of mental science. 190: 97–104. PMID 17267924. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.021402.
Seidler GH, Wagner FE (2006). «Comparing the efficacy of EMDR and trauma-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of PTSD: a meta-analytic study». Psychol Med. 36 (11): 1515–22. PMID 16740177. doi:10.1017/S0033291706007963.
Devilly GJ & Spence SH (1999). «The relative efficacy and treatment distress of EMDR and a cognitive-behavior trauma treatment protocol in the amelioration of posttraumatic stress disorder». J Anxiety Disord. 13 (1-2): 131–57. PMID 10225505. doi:10.1016/S0887-6185(98)00044-9.
Ursano RJ, Bell C, Eth S; m.fl. (2004). «Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with acute stress disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder». Am J Psychiatry. 161 (11 Suppl): 3–31. PMID 15617511. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.1.3.
Brewin CR, Andrews B, Valentine JD (2000). «Meta-analysis of risk factors for posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults». J Consult Clin Psychol. 68 (5): 748–66. PMID 11068961. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.68.5.748.
Ozer EJ, Best SR, Lipsey TL, Weiss DS (2003). «Predictors of posttraumatic stress disorder and symptoms in adults: a meta-analysis». Psychol Bull. 129 (1): 52–73. PMID 12555794. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.52.
Bleiberg KL, Markowitz JC (2005). «A pilot study of interpersonal psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder». Am J Psychiatry. 162 (1): 181–3. PMID 15625219. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.181.
Pitman RK, Sanders KM, Zusman RM; m.fl. (2002). «Pilot study of secondary prevention of posttraumatic stress disorder with propranolol». Biol. Psychiatry. 51 (2): 189–92. PMID 11822998. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01279-3.
Schelling G, Roozendaal B, Krauseneck T, Schmoelz M, DE Quervain D, Briegel J. (2006). «Efficacy of hydrocortisone in preventing posttraumatic stress disorder following critical illness and major surgery.». Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1071: 46–53. PMID 16891561. doi:10.1196/annals.1364.005.
Weis F, Kilger E, Roozendaal B, de Quervain DJ, Lamm P, Schmidt M, Schmölz M, Briegel J, Schelling G. (2006). «Stress doses of hydrocortisone reduce chronic stress symptoms and improve health-related quality of life in high-risk patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized study.». J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 131 (2): 277–282. PMID 16434254. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.07.063.
Schelling G, Kilger E, Roozendaal B, de Quervain DJ, Briegel J, Dagge A, Rothenhäusler HB, Krauseneck T, Nollert G, Kapfhammer HP. (2004). «Stress doses of hydrocortisone, traumatic memories, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after cardiac surgery: a randomized study.». Biol Psychiatry. 55 (6): 627–633. PMID 15013832. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2003.09.014.
Holbrook, T.L.; Galarneau, MR; Dye, JL; Quinn, K; Dougherty, AL; m.fl. (14. januar 2010). «Morphine use after combat injury in Iraq and post-traumatic stress disorder.». N Engl J Med. 362 (110): 110–7. PMID 20071700. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0903326. Besøkt 5. februar 2009.
Hertzberg MA, Butterfield MI, Feldman ME; m.fl. (1999). «A preliminary study of lamotrigine for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder». Biol. Psychiatry. 45 (9): 1226–9. PMID 10331117. doi:10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00011-6.
Kapfhammer, HP. (2008). «[Therapeutic possibilities after traumatic experiences]». Psychiatr Danub. 20 (4): 532–45. PMID 19011595.
Berger, W.; Mendlowicz, MV.; Marques-Portella, C.; Kinrys, G.; Fontenelle, LF.; Marmar, CR.; Figueira, I. (2009). «Pharmacologic alternatives to antidepressants in posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review.». Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 33 (2): 169–80. PMC 2720612 . PMID 19141307. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2008.12.004.
Martényi, F. (2005). «[Three paradigms in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder]». Neuropsychopharmacol Hung. 7 (1): 11–21. PMID 16167463.
Cooper, J.; Carty, J.; Creamer, M. (2005). «Pharmacotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: empirical review and clinical recommendations.». Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 39 (8): 674–82. PMID 16050921. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1614.2005.01651.x.
Yehuda R (2000). «Biology of posttraumatic stress disorder». J Clin Psychiatry. 61 (Suppl 7): 14–21. PMID 10795605.
Marshall RD, Beebe KL, Oldham M, Zaninelli R (2001). «Efficacy and safety of paroxetine treatment for chronic PTSD: a fixed-dose, placebo-controlled study». Am J Psychiatry. 158 (12): 1982–8. PMID 11729013. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.12.1982.
Brady K, Pearlstein T, Asnis GM; m.fl. (2000). «Efficacy and safety of sertraline treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomized controlled trial». JAMA. 283 (14): 1837–44. PMID 10770145. doi:10.1001/jama.283.14.1837.
Davidson JR, Rothbaum BO, van der Kolk BA, Sikes CR, Farfel GM (2001). «Multicenter, double-blind comparison of sertraline and placebo in the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder». Arch Gen Psychiatry. 58 (5): 485–92. PMID 11343529. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.485. ^{[død lenke]}
Cohen SI (1995). «Alcohol and benzodiazepines generate anxiety, panic and phobias». J R Soc Med. 88 (2): 73–77. PMC 1295099 . PMID 7769598.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

nimh.nih.gov

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