Wilson Don E. & Reeder DeeAnn M. (red.) Rattus norvegicus. w: Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Wyd. 3.) [on-line]. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. (ang.) [dostęp 2017-09-07]
Lin Zeng, Chen Ming, Yan Li, Ling-Yan i inni. Out of southern East Asia of the brown rat revealed by large scale genome sequencing. „Molecular Biology and Evolution”. Msx276, 2017. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msx276.