Classificação estelar (Portuguese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Classificação estelar" in Portuguese language version.

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Kaler, James B. (1997). Stars and Their Spectra: An Introduction to the Spectral Sequence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 62–63. ISBN 978-0-521-58570-5

arxiv.org

Weidner, Carsten; Vink, Jorick S. (dezembro de 2010). «The masses, and the mass discrepancy of O-type stars». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 524. A98. Bibcode:2010A&A...524A..98W. arXiv:1010.2204. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014491
Baraffe, I.; Chabrier, G.; Barman, T. S.; Allard, F.; Hauschildt, P. H. (maio de 2003). «Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 209458». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 402 (2): 701–712. Bibcode:2003A&A...402..701B. arXiv:astro-ph/0302293. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030252
Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; et al. (março de 2014). «The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS). II. Bright Southern Stars». The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 211 (1). 10. Bibcode:2014ApJS..211...10S. arXiv:1312.6222. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/10
Caballero-Nieves, S. M.; Nelan, E. P.; Gies, D. R.; Wallace, D. J.; DeGioia-Eastwood, K.; et al. (fevereiro de 2014). «A High Angular Resolution Survey of Massive Stars in Cygnus OB2: Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensors». The Astronomical Journal. 147 (2). 40. Bibcode:2014AJ....147...40C. arXiv:1311.5087. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/2/40
Prinja, R. K.; Massa, D. L. (outubro de 2010). «Signature of wide-spread clumping in B supergiant winds». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 521. L55. Bibcode:2010A&A...521L..55P. arXiv:1007.2744. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015252
Nazé, Y. (novembro de 2009). «Hot stars observed by XMM-Newton. I. The catalog and the properties of OB stars». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 506 (2): 1055–1064. Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1055N. arXiv:0908.1461. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912659
Lyubimkov, Leonid S.; Lambert, David L.; Rostopchin, Sergey I.; Rachkovskaya, Tamara M.; Poklad, Dmitry B. (fevereiro de 2010). «Accurate fundamental parameters for A-, F- and G-type Supergiants in the solar neighbourhood». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 402 (2): 1369–1379. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.402.1369L. arXiv:0911.1335. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15979.x
Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Garrison, R. F.; McFadden, M. T.; Robinson, P. E. (outubro de 2003). «Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 Parsecs: The Northern Sample. I». The Astronomical Journal. 126 (4): 2048–2059. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2048G. arXiv:astro-ph/0308182. doi:10.1086/378365
Cenarro, A. J.; Peletier, R. F.; Sanchez-Blazquez, P.; Selam, S. O.; Toloba, E.; Cardiel, N.; Falcon-Barroso, J.; Gorgas, J.; Jimenez-Vicente, J.; Vazdekis, A. (janeiro de 2007). «Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope library of empirical spectra - II. The stellar atmospheric parameters». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 374 (2): 664–690. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.374..664C. arXiv:astro-ph/0611618. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11196.x
Sion, Edward M.; Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, Terry D.; McCook, George P.; Wasatonic, Richard (dezembro de 2009). «The White Dwarfs Within 20 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Statistics». The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1681–1689. Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1681S. arXiv:0910.1288. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1681
Arias, Julia I.; et al. (agosto de 2016). «Spectral Classification and Properties of the OVz Stars in the Galactic O Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS)». The Astronomical Journal. 152 (2). 31 páginas. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...31A. arXiv:1604.03842. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/31
Maíz Apellániz, J.; Walborn, Nolan R.; Morrell, N. I.; Niemela, V. S.; Nelan, E. P. (2007). «Pismis 24-1: The Stellar Upper Mass Limit Preserved». The Astrophysical Journal. 660 (2): 1480–1485. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660.1480M. arXiv:astro-ph/0612012. doi:10.1086/513098
Fariña, Cecilia; Bosch, Guillermo L.; Morrell, Nidia I.; Barbá, Rodolfo H.; Walborn, Nolan R. (2009). «Spectroscopic Study of the N159/N160 Complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud». The Astronomical Journal. 138 (2): 510–516. Bibcode:2009AJ....138..510F. arXiv:0907.1033. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/2/510
Rauw, G.; Manfroid, J.; Gosset, E.; Nazé, Y.; Sana, H.; De Becker, M.; Foellmi, C.; Moffat, A. F. J. (2007). «Early-type stars in the core of the young open cluster Westerlund 2». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 463 (3): 981–991. Bibcode:2007A&A...463..981R. arXiv:astro-ph/0612622. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066495
Crowther, Paul A. (2007). «Physical Properties of Wolf-Rayet Stars». Annual Review of Astronomy & Astrophysics. 45 (1): 177–219. Bibcode:2007ARA&A..45..177C. arXiv:astro-ph/0610356. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.45.051806.110615
Norris, Jackson M.; Wright, Jason T.; Wade, Richard A.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Gettel, Sara (dezembro de 2011). «Non-detection of the Putative Substellar Companion to HD 149382». The Astrophysical Journal. 743 (1). 88. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743...88N. arXiv:1110.1384. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/88
Miszalski, B.; Crowther, P. A.; De Marco, O.; Köppen, J.; Moffat, A. F. J.; Acker, A.; Hillwig, T. C. (2012). «IC 4663: The first unambiguous [WN] Wolf-Rayet central star of a planetary nebula». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 423 (1): 934–947. Bibcode:2012MNRAS.423..934M. arXiv:1203.3303. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20929.x
Crowther, P. A.; Walborn, N. R. (2011). «Spectral classification of O2-3.5 If*/WN5-7 stars». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 416 (2): 1311–1323. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.416.1311C. arXiv:1105.4757. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19129.x
Kirkpatrick, J. D. (2008). «Outstanding Issues in Our Understanding of L, T, and Y Dwarfs». 14th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars. 384. 85 páginas. Bibcode:2008ASPC..384...85K. arXiv:0704.1522
Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Barman, Travis S.; Burgasser, Adam J.; McGovern, Mark R.; McLean, Ian S.; Tinney, Christopher G.; Lowrance, Patrick J. (2006). «Discovery of a Very Young Field L Dwarf, 2MASS J01415823−4633574». The Astrophysical Journal. 639 (2): 1120–1128. Bibcode:2006ApJ...639.1120K. arXiv:astro-ph/0511462. doi:10.1086/499622
Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Cushing, Michael C.; Gelino, Christopher R.; Beichman, Charles A.; Tinney, C. G.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Schneider, Adam; Mace, Gregory N. (2013). «Discovery of the Y1 Dwarf WISE J064723.23-623235.5». The Astrophysical Journal. 776 (2). 128 páginas. Bibcode:2013ApJ...776..128K. arXiv:1308.5372. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/776/2/128
Deacon, N. R.; Hambly, N. C. (2006). «Y-Spectral class for Ultra-Cool Dwarfs». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 371: 1722–1730. arXiv:astro-ph/0607305. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10795.x
Zuckerman, B.; Song, I. (2009). «The minimum Jeans mass, brown dwarf companion IMF, and predictions for detection of Y-type dwarfs». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 493 (3): 1149–1154. Bibcode:2009A&A...493.1149Z. arXiv:0811.0429. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200810038
Dupuy, T. J.; Kraus, A. L. (2013). «Distances, Luminosities, and Temperatures of the Coldest Known Substellar Objects». Science. 341 (6153): 1492–5. Bibcode:2013Sci...341.1492D. PMID 24009359. arXiv:1309.1422. doi:10.1126/science.1241917
Leggett, S. K.; Cushing, Michael C.; Saumon, D.; Marley, M. S.; Roellig, T. L.; Warren, S. J.; Burningham, Ben; Jones, H. R. A.; Kirkpatrick, J. D.; Lodieu, N.; Lucas, P. W.; Mainzer, A. K.; Martín, E. L.; McCaughrean, M. J.; Pinfield, D. J.; Sloan, G. C.; Smart, R. L.; Tamura, M.; Van Cleve, J. (2009). «The Physical Properties of Four ∼600 K T Dwarfs». The Astrophysical Journal. 695 (2): 1517–1526. Bibcode:2009ApJ...695.1517L. arXiv:0901.4093. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/695/2/1517
Delorme, P.; Delfosse, X.; Albert, L.; Artigau, E.; Forveille, T.; Reylé, C.; Allard, F.; Homeier, D.; Robin, A. C.; Willott, C. J.; Liu, M. C.; Dupuy, T. J. (2008). «CFBDS J005910.90-011401.3: Reaching the T-Y brown dwarf transition?». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 482 (3): 961–971. Bibcode:2008A&A...482..961D. arXiv:0802.4387. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20079317
Burningham, Ben; Pinfield, D. J.; Leggett, S. K.; Tamura, M.; Lucas, P. W.; Homeier, D.; Day-Jones, A.; Jones, H. R. A.; Clarke, J. R. A.; Ishii, M.; Kuzuhara, M.; Lodieu, N.; Zapatero Osorio, M. R.; Venemans, B. P.; Mortlock, D. J.; Barrado y Navascués, D.; Martin, E. L.; Magazzù, A. (2008). «Exploring the substellar temperature regime down to ∼550 K». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 391 (1): 320–333. Bibcode:2008MNRAS.391..320B. arXiv:0806.0067. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2008.13885.x
Luhman, Kevin L.; Esplin, Taran L. (maio de 2016). «The Spectral Energy Distribution of the Coldest Known Brown Dwarf». The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 78. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...78L. arXiv:1605.06655. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/78
Burningham, Ben; Smith, L.; Cardoso, C. V.; Lucas, P. W.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Jones, H. R. A.; Smart, R. L. (maio de 2014). «The discovery of a T6.5 subdwarf». MNRAS (em inglês). 440 (1): 359–364. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.440..359B. ISSN 0035-8711. arXiv:1401.5982. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu184
Cruz, Kelle L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Burgasser, Adam J. (fevereiro de 2009). «Young L Dwarfs Identified in the Field: A Preliminary Low-Gravity, Optical Spectral Sequence from L0 to L5». The Astronomical Journal (em inglês). 137 (2): 3345–3357. Bibcode:2009AJ....137.3345C. ISSN 0004-6256. arXiv:0812.0364. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/137/2/3345
Looper, Dagny L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Cutri, Roc M.; Barman, Travis; Burgasser, Adam J.; Cushing, Michael C.; Roellig, Thomas; McGovern, Mark R.; McLean, Ian S.; Rice, Emily; Swift, Brandon J. (outubro de 2008). «Discovery of Two Nearby Peculiar L Dwarfs from the 2MASS Proper-Motion Survey: Young or Metal-Rich?». Astrophysical Journal (em inglês). 686 (1): 528–541. Bibcode:2008ApJ...686..528L. ISSN 0004-637X. arXiv:0806.1059. doi:10.1086/591025
Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Looper, Dagny L.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Schurr, Steven D.; Cutri, Roc M.; Cushing, Michael C.; Cruz, Kelle L.; Sweet, Anne C.; Knapp, Gillian R.; Barman, Travis S.; Bochanski, John J. (setembro de 2010). «Discoveries from a Near-infrared Proper Motion Survey Using Multi-epoch Two Micron All-Sky Survey Data». Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (em inglês). 190 (1): 100–146. Bibcode:2010ApJS..190..100K. ISSN 0067-0049. arXiv:1008.3591. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/190/1/100
Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Riedel, Adric R.; Cruz, Kelle L.; Gagne, Jonathan; Filippazzo, Joseph C.; Lambrides, Erini; Fica, Haley; Weinberger, Alycia; Thorstensen, John R.; Tinney, C. G.; Baldassare, Vivienne (julho de 2016). «Population Properties of Brown Dwarf Analogs to Exoplanets». Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (em inglês). 225 (1). 10 páginas. Bibcode:2016ApJS..225...10F. ISSN 0067-0049. arXiv:1605.07927. doi:10.3847/0067-0049/225/1/10
Córsico, A. H.; Althaus, L. G. (2004). «The rate of period change in pulsating DB-white dwarf stars». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 428: 159–170. Bibcode:2004A&A...428..159C. arXiv:astro-ph/0408237. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041372
Yakovlev, D. G.; Kaminker, A. D.; Haensel, P.; Gnedin, O. Y. (2002). «The cooling neutron star in 3C 58». Astronomy & Astrophysics. 389: L24–L27. Bibcode:2002A&A...389L..24Y. arXiv:astro-ph/0204233. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020699

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

Analyse spectrale de la lumière de quelques étoiles, et nouvelles observations sur les taches solaires, P. Secchi, Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences 63 (July–December 1866), pp. 364–368.
Nouvelles recherches sur l'analyse spectrale de la lumière des étoiles, P. Secchi, Comptes Rendus des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences 63 (July–December 1866), pp. 621–628.

books.google.com

D.S. Hayes; L.E. Pasinetti; A.G. Davis Philip (6 de dezembro de 2012). Calibration of Fundamental Stellar Quantities: Proceedings of the 111th Symposium of the International Astronomical Union held at Villa Olmo, Como, Italy, May 24–29, 1984. [S.l.]: Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 129–. ISBN 978-94-009-5456-4

caltech.edu

nedipac.caltech.edu

An atlas of stellar spectra, with an outline of spectral classification, W. W. Morgan, P. C. Keenan and E. Kellman, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1943.

csiro.au

atnf.csiro.au

«The Colour of Stars». Australia Telescope National Facility. 17 de outubro de 2018

outreach.atnf.csiro.au

«The Colour of Stars». Australia Telescope Outreach and Education. 21 de dezembro de 2004. Consultado em 26 de setembro de 2007 — Explains the reason for the difference in color perception.

daviddarling.info

Darling, David. «late-type star». The Internet Encyclopedia of Science. Consultado em 14 de outubro de 2007

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Weidner, Carsten; Vink, Jorick S. (dezembro de 2010). «The masses, and the mass discrepancy of O-type stars». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 524. A98. Bibcode:2010A&A...524A..98W. arXiv:1010.2204. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201014491
Baraffe, I.; Chabrier, G.; Barman, T. S.; Allard, F.; Hauschildt, P. H. (maio de 2003). «Evolutionary models for cool brown dwarfs and extrasolar giant planets. The case of HD 209458». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 402 (2): 701–712. Bibcode:2003A&A...402..701B. arXiv:astro-ph/0302293. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030252
Sota, A.; Maíz Apellániz, J.; Morrell, N. I.; Barbá, R. H.; Walborn, N. R.; et al. (março de 2014). «The Galactic O-Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS). II. Bright Southern Stars». The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 211 (1). 10. Bibcode:2014ApJS..211...10S. arXiv:1312.6222. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/211/1/10
Saha, M. N. (maio de 1921). «On a Physical Theory of Stellar Spectra». Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. 99 (697): 135–153. Bibcode:1921RSPSA..99..135S. doi:10.1098/rspa.1921.0029
Pickles, A. J. (julho de 1998). «A Stellar Spectral Flux Library: 1150-25000 Å». Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 110 (749): 863–878. Bibcode:1998PASP..110..863P. doi:10.1086/316197
Morgan, William Wilson; Keenan, Philip Childs (1973). «Spectral Classification». Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 11: 29–50. Bibcode:1973ARA&A..11...29M. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.11.090173.000333
Caballero-Nieves, S. M.; Nelan, E. P.; Gies, D. R.; Wallace, D. J.; DeGioia-Eastwood, K.; et al. (fevereiro de 2014). «A High Angular Resolution Survey of Massive Stars in Cygnus OB2: Results from the Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensors». The Astronomical Journal. 147 (2). 40. Bibcode:2014AJ....147...40C. arXiv:1311.5087. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/147/2/40
Prinja, R. K.; Massa, D. L. (outubro de 2010). «Signature of wide-spread clumping in B supergiant winds». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 521. L55. Bibcode:2010A&A...521L..55P. arXiv:1007.2744. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201015252
Gray, David F. (novembro de 2010). «Photospheric Variations of the Supergiant γ Cyg». The Astronomical Journal. 140 (5): 1329–1336. Bibcode:2010AJ....140.1329G. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/5/1329
Nazé, Y. (novembro de 2009). «Hot stars observed by XMM-Newton. I. The catalog and the properties of OB stars». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 506 (2): 1055–1064. Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1055N. arXiv:0908.1461. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200912659
Lyubimkov, Leonid S.; Lambert, David L.; Rostopchin, Sergey I.; Rachkovskaya, Tamara M.; Poklad, Dmitry B. (fevereiro de 2010). «Accurate fundamental parameters for A-, F- and G-type Supergiants in the solar neighbourhood». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 402 (2): 1369–1379. Bibcode:2010MNRAS.402.1369L. arXiv:0911.1335. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15979.x
Gray, R. O.; Corbally, C. J.; Garrison, R. F.; McFadden, M. T.; Robinson, P. E. (outubro de 2003). «Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 Parsecs: The Northern Sample. I». The Astronomical Journal. 126 (4): 2048–2059. Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2048G. arXiv:astro-ph/0308182. doi:10.1086/378365
Shenavrin, V. I.; Taranova, O. G.; Nadzhip, A. E. (janeiro de 2011). «Search for and study of hot circumstellar dust envelopes». Astronomy Reports. 55 (1): 31–81. Bibcode:2011ARep...55...31S. doi:10.1134/S1063772911010070
Cenarro, A. J.; Peletier, R. F.; Sanchez-Blazquez, P.; Selam, S. O.; Toloba, E.; Cardiel, N.; Falcon-Barroso, J.; Gorgas, J.; Jimenez-Vicente, J.; Vazdekis, A. (janeiro de 2007). «Medium-resolution Isaac Newton Telescope library of empirical spectra - II. The stellar atmospheric parameters». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 374 (2): 664–690. Bibcode:2007MNRAS.374..664C. arXiv:astro-ph/0611618. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11196.x
Sion, Edward M.; Holberg, J. B.; Oswalt, Terry D.; McCook, George P.; Wasatonic, Richard (dezembro de 2009). «The White Dwarfs Within 20 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Statistics». The Astronomical Journal. 138 (6): 1681–1689. Bibcode:2009AJ....138.1681S. arXiv:0910.1288. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/6/1681
Arias, Julia I.; et al. (agosto de 2016). «Spectral Classification and Properties of the OVz Stars in the Galactic O Star Spectroscopic Survey (GOSSS)». The Astronomical Journal. 152 (2). 31 páginas. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...31A. arXiv:1604.03842. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/2/31
Maíz Apellániz, J.; Walborn, Nolan R.; Morrell, N. I.; Niemela, V. S.; Nelan, E. P. (2007). «Pismis 24-1: The Stellar Upper Mass Limit Preserved». The Astrophysical Journal. 660 (2): 1480–1485. Bibcode:2007ApJ...660.1480M. arXiv:astro-ph/0612012. doi:10.1086/513098
Fariña, Cecilia; Bosch, Guillermo L.; Morrell, Nidia I.; Barbá, Rodolfo H.; Walborn, Nolan R. (2009). «Spectroscopic Study of the N159/N160 Complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud». The Astronomical Journal. 138 (2): 510–516. Bibcode:2009AJ....138..510F. arXiv:0907.1033. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/138/2/510
Rauw, G.; Manfroid, J.; Gosset, E.; Nazé, Y.; Sana, H.; De Becker, M.; Foellmi, C.; Moffat, A. F. J. (2007). «Early-type stars in the core of the young open cluster Westerlund 2». Astronomy and Astrophysics. 463 (3): 981–991. Bibcode:2007A&A...463..981R. arXiv:astro-ph/0612622. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20066495
Crowther, Paul A. (2007). «Physical Properties of Wolf-Rayet Stars». Annual Review of Astronomy & Astrophysics. 45 (1): 177–219. Bibcode:2007ARA&A..45..177C. arXiv:astro-ph/0610356. doi:10.1146/annurev.astro.45.051806.110615
Rountree Lesh, J. (1968). «The Kinematics of the Gould Belt: An Expanding Group?». The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 17. 371 páginas. Bibcode:1968ApJS...17..371L. doi:10.1086/190179
Nassau, J. J.; Seyfert, Carl K. (março de 1946). «Spectra of BD Stars Within Five Degrees of the North Pole». Astrophysical Journal. 103: 117. Bibcode:1946ApJ...103..117N. doi:10.1086/144796
Sandage, A. (dezembro de 1969). «New subdwarfs. II. Radial velocities, photometry, and preliminary space motions for 112 stars with large proper motion». Astrophysical Journal. 158: 1115. Bibcode:1969ApJ...158.1115S. doi:10.1086/150271
Norris, Jackson M.; Wright, Jason T.; Wade, Richard A.; Mahadevan, Suvrath; Gettel, Sara (dezembro de 2011). «Non-detection of the Putative Substellar Companion to HD 149382». The Astrophysical Journal. 743 (1). 88. Bibcode:2011ApJ...743...88N. arXiv:1110.1384. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/743/1/88
Walborn, N. R. (1971). «Some Spectroscopic Characteristics of the OB Stars: An Investigation of the Space Distribution of Certain OB Stars and the Reference Frame of the Classification». The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 23. 257 páginas. Bibcode:1971ApJS...23..257W. doi:10.1086/190239
Walborn, Nolan R.; Howarth, Ian D.; Lennon, Daniel J.; Massey, Philip; Oey, M. S.; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Skalkowski, Gwen; Morrell, Nidia I.; Drissen, Laurent; Parker, Joel Wm. (2002). «A New Spectral Classification System for the Earliest O Stars: Definition of Type O2» (PDF). The Astronomical Journal. 123 (5): 2754–2771. Bibcode:2002AJ....123.2754W. doi:10.1086/339831
Slettebak, Arne (julho de 1988). «The Be Stars». Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 100: 770–784. Bibcode:1988PASP..100..770S. doi:10.1086/132234
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