Rito T, Richards MB, Fernandes V, Alshamali F, Cerny V, Pereira L, Soares P., "The first modern human dispersals across Africa", PLoS One 2013 Nov 13; 8(11):e80031. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080031. "By ~130 ka two distinct groups of anatomically modern humans co-existed in Africa: broadly, the ancestors of many modern-day Khoe and San populations in the south and a second central/eastern African group that includes the ancestors of most extant worldwide populations. Early modern human dispersals correlate with climate changes, particularly the tropical African “megadroughts” of MIS 5 (marine isotope stage 5, 135–75 ka) which paradoxically may have facilitated expansions in central and eastern Africa, ultimately triggering the dispersal out of Africa of people carrying haplogroup L3 – 60 ka. Two south to east migrations are discernible within haplogroup L0. One, between 120 and 75 ka, represents the first unambiguous long-range modern human dispersal detected by mtDNA and might have allowed the dispersal of several markers of modernity. A second one, within the last 20 ka signalled by L0d, may have been responsible for the spread of southern click-consonant languages to eastern Africa, contrary to the view that these eastern examples constitute relics of an ancient, much wider distribution."
Tom Higham; Katerina Douka; Rachel Wood; Christopher Bronk Ramsey; Fiona Brock; Laura Basell; Marta Camps; Alvaro Arrizabalaga; Javier Baena; Cecillio Barroso-Ruíz; Christopher Bergman; Coralie Boitard; Paolo Boscato; Miguel Caparrós; Nicholas J. Conard; Christelle Draily; Alain Froment; Bertila Galván; Paolo Gambassini; Alejandro Garcia-Moreno; Stefano Grimaldi; Paul Haesaerts; Brigitte Holt; Maria-Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso; Arthur Jelinek; et al. (21 de agosto de 2014). «The timing and spatiotemporal patterning of Neanderthal disappearance». Nature. 512 (7514): 306–09. Bibcode:2014Natur.512..306H. PMID25143113. doi:10.1038/nature13621
Cooper, Alan; Turney, Chris S. M.; Palmer, Jonathan; Hogg, Alan; McGlone, Matt; Wilmshurst, Janet; Lorrey, Andrew M.; Heaton, Timothy J.; Russell, James M.; McCracken, Ken; Anet, Julien G.; Rozanov, Eugene; Friedel, Marina; Suter, Ivo; Peter, Thomas; Muscheler, Raimund; Adolphi, Florian; Dosseto, Anthony; Faith, J. Tyler; Fenwick, Pavla; Fogwill, Christopher J.; Hughen, Konrad; Lipson, Mathew; Liu, Jiabo; Nowaczyk, Norbert; Rainsley, Eleanor; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk; Sebastianelli, Paolo; Souilmi, Yassine; Stevenson, Janelle; Thomas, Zoë; Tobler, Raymond; Zech, Roland (19 de fevereiro de 2021). «A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago». Science (em inglês). 371 (6531): 811–818. ISSN0036-8075. PMID33602851. doi:10.1126/science.abb8677. Consultado em 5 de março de 2021
Flood, J. M.; David, B.; Magee, J.; English, B. (1987). «Birrigai: a Pleistocene site in the south eastern highlands». Archaeology in Oceania. 22: 9–22. doi:10.1002/j.1834-4453.1987.tb00159.x
Tom Higham; Katerina Douka; Rachel Wood; Christopher Bronk Ramsey; Fiona Brock; Laura Basell; Marta Camps; Alvaro Arrizabalaga; Javier Baena; Cecillio Barroso-Ruíz; Christopher Bergman; Coralie Boitard; Paolo Boscato; Miguel Caparrós; Nicholas J. Conard; Christelle Draily; Alain Froment; Bertila Galván; Paolo Gambassini; Alejandro Garcia-Moreno; Stefano Grimaldi; Paul Haesaerts; Brigitte Holt; Maria-Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso; Arthur Jelinek; et al. (21 de agosto de 2014). «The timing and spatiotemporal patterning of Neanderthal disappearance». Nature. 512 (7514): 306–09. Bibcode:2014Natur.512..306H. PMID25143113. doi:10.1038/nature13621
Tom Higham; Katerina Douka; Rachel Wood; Christopher Bronk Ramsey; Fiona Brock; Laura Basell; Marta Camps; Alvaro Arrizabalaga; Javier Baena; Cecillio Barroso-Ruíz; Christopher Bergman; Coralie Boitard; Paolo Boscato; Miguel Caparrós; Nicholas J. Conard; Christelle Draily; Alain Froment; Bertila Galván; Paolo Gambassini; Alejandro Garcia-Moreno; Stefano Grimaldi; Paul Haesaerts; Brigitte Holt; Maria-Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso; Arthur Jelinek; et al. (21 de agosto de 2014). «The timing and spatiotemporal patterning of Neanderthal disappearance». Nature. 512 (7514): 306–09. Bibcode:2014Natur.512..306H. PMID25143113. doi:10.1038/nature13621
Cooper, Alan; Turney, Chris S. M.; Palmer, Jonathan; Hogg, Alan; McGlone, Matt; Wilmshurst, Janet; Lorrey, Andrew M.; Heaton, Timothy J.; Russell, James M.; McCracken, Ken; Anet, Julien G.; Rozanov, Eugene; Friedel, Marina; Suter, Ivo; Peter, Thomas; Muscheler, Raimund; Adolphi, Florian; Dosseto, Anthony; Faith, J. Tyler; Fenwick, Pavla; Fogwill, Christopher J.; Hughen, Konrad; Lipson, Mathew; Liu, Jiabo; Nowaczyk, Norbert; Rainsley, Eleanor; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk; Sebastianelli, Paolo; Souilmi, Yassine; Stevenson, Janelle; Thomas, Zoë; Tobler, Raymond; Zech, Roland (19 de fevereiro de 2021). «A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago». Science (em inglês). 371 (6531): 811–818. ISSN0036-8075. PMID33602851. doi:10.1126/science.abb8677. Consultado em 5 de março de 2021
Cooper, Alan; Turney, Chris S. M.; Palmer, Jonathan; Hogg, Alan; McGlone, Matt; Wilmshurst, Janet; Lorrey, Andrew M.; Heaton, Timothy J.; Russell, James M.; McCracken, Ken; Anet, Julien G.; Rozanov, Eugene; Friedel, Marina; Suter, Ivo; Peter, Thomas; Muscheler, Raimund; Adolphi, Florian; Dosseto, Anthony; Faith, J. Tyler; Fenwick, Pavla; Fogwill, Christopher J.; Hughen, Konrad; Lipson, Mathew; Liu, Jiabo; Nowaczyk, Norbert; Rainsley, Eleanor; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk; Sebastianelli, Paolo; Souilmi, Yassine; Stevenson, Janelle; Thomas, Zoë; Tobler, Raymond; Zech, Roland (19 de fevereiro de 2021). «A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago». Science (em inglês). 371 (6531): 811–818. ISSN0036-8075. PMID33602851. doi:10.1126/science.abb8677. Consultado em 5 de março de 2021
Sandra Bowdler. «Human settlement». In: D. Denoon. The Pleistocene Pacific. The Cambridge History of the Pacific Islanders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 41–50. Consultado em 26 de fevereiro de 2008. Cópia arquivada em 16 de fevereiro de 2008 – via University of Western Australia
Sandra Bowdler. «Human settlement». In: D. Denoon. The Pleistocene Pacific. The Cambridge History of the Pacific Islanders. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 41–50. Consultado em 26 de fevereiro de 2008. Cópia arquivada em 16 de fevereiro de 2008 – via University of Western Australia
Cooper, Alan; Turney, Chris S. M.; Palmer, Jonathan; Hogg, Alan; McGlone, Matt; Wilmshurst, Janet; Lorrey, Andrew M.; Heaton, Timothy J.; Russell, James M.; McCracken, Ken; Anet, Julien G.; Rozanov, Eugene; Friedel, Marina; Suter, Ivo; Peter, Thomas; Muscheler, Raimund; Adolphi, Florian; Dosseto, Anthony; Faith, J. Tyler; Fenwick, Pavla; Fogwill, Christopher J.; Hughen, Konrad; Lipson, Mathew; Liu, Jiabo; Nowaczyk, Norbert; Rainsley, Eleanor; Ramsey, Christopher Bronk; Sebastianelli, Paolo; Souilmi, Yassine; Stevenson, Janelle; Thomas, Zoë; Tobler, Raymond; Zech, Roland (19 de fevereiro de 2021). «A global environmental crisis 42,000 years ago». Science (em inglês). 371 (6531): 811–818. ISSN0036-8075. PMID33602851. doi:10.1126/science.abb8677. Consultado em 5 de março de 2021
