References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Esclerose múltipla" in the Portuguese version

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Milo R, Kahana E (março de 2010). «Multiple sclerosis: geoepidemiology, genetics and the environment». Autoimmunity Reviews. 9 (5): A387-94. PMID 19932200. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2009.11.010

Nakahara J, Maeda M, Aiso S, Suzuki N (fevereiro de 2012). «Current concepts in multiple sclerosis: autoimmunity versus oligodendrogliopathy». Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology. 42 (1): 26–34. PMID 22189514. doi:10.1007/s12016-011-8287-6

Compston A, Coles A (outubro de 2008). «Multiple sclerosis». Lancet. 372 (9648): 1502–17. PMID 18970977. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61620-7

GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (outubro de 2016). «Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015». Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. PMC 5055577

. PMID 27733282. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6

GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (outubro de 2016). «Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015». Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. PMC 5388903

. PMID 27733281. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1

Rosati G (abril de 2001). «The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the world: an updata». Neurol. Sci. 22 (2): 117–39. PMID 11603614. doi:10.1007/s100720170011

Compston A, Coles A (abril de 2002). «Multiple sclerosis». Lancet. 359 (9313): 1221–31. PMID 11955556. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08220-X

Ascherio A, Munger KL (abril de 2007). «Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part I: the role of infection». Ann. Neurol. 61 (4): 288–99. PMID 17444504. doi:10.1002/ana.21117

Zamboni P, Galeotti R, Menegatti E; et al. (abril de 2009). «Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in patients with multiple sclerosis». J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 80 (4): 392–9. PMC 2647682

. PMID 19060024. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2008.157164

Weinshenker BG (1994). «Natural history of multiple sclerosis». Ann. Neurol. 36 (Suppl): S6–11. PMID 8017890. doi:10.1002/ana.410360704

Petzold A, Fraser CL, Abegg M; et al. (2022). «Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis». The Lancet Neurology. 21 (12): 1120–1134. PMID 36179757. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9

Page NG, Bolger JP, Sanders MD (janeiro de 1982). «Auditory evoked phosphenes in optic nerve disease». J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 45 (1): 7–12. PMC 491258

. PMID 7062073. doi:10.1136/jnnp.45.1.7

Tataru N, Vidal C, Decavel P, Berger E, Rumbach L (2006). «Limited impact of the summer heat wave in France (2003) on hospital admissions and relapses for multiple sclerosis». Neuroepidemiology. 27 (1): 28–32. PMID 16804331. doi:10.1159/000094233

Heesen C, Mohr DC, Huitinga I; et al. (março de 2007). «Stress regulation in multiple sclerosis: current numeros and concepts». Mult. Scler. 13 (2): 143–8. PMID 17439878. doi:10.1177/1352458506070772

Martinelli V (2000). «Trauma, stress and multiple sclerosis». Neurol. Sci. 21 (4 Suppl 2): S849–52. PMID 11205361. doi:10.1007/s100720070024^{[ligação inativa]}

Minagar A, Jy W, Jimenez JJ, Alexander JS. (abril de 2006). «Multiple sclerosis as a vascular disease» (PDF). Neurol Res. 28 (3): 230–5. PMID 16687046. doi:10.1179/016164106X98080. Consultado em 20 de setembro de 2012. Arquivado do original (PDF) em 16 de agosto de 2011

Dyment DA, Ebers GC, Sadovnick AD (fevereiro de 2004). «Genetics of multiple sclerosis». Lancet Neurol. 3 (92): 104–10. PMID 14747002. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00663-X

«Multiple sclerosis susceptibility in a Brazilian sample, HLA and CIITA genes». Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr.; 72(6); 482-482; 2014-06. doi:10.1590/0004-282X20140036

Marrie RA (dezembro de 2004). «Environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis aetiology». Lancet Neurol. 3 (12): 709–18. PMID 15556803. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00933-0

Ascherio A, Munger KL (junho de 2007). «Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Noninfectious factors». Ann. Neurol. 61 (6): 504–13. PMID 17492755. doi:10.1002/ana.21141

Ascherio A, Munger KL, Simon KC (junho de 2010). «Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis». Lancet Neurol. 9 (6): 599–612. PMID 20494325. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70086-7

Ghadirian P, Jain M, Ducic S, Shatenstein B, Morisset R (1998). «Nutritional factors in the aetiology of multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in Montreal, Canada». Int J Epidemiol. 27 (5): 845–52. PMID 9839742. doi:10.1093/ije/27.5.845

Spitsin S, Koprowski H (2008). «Role of uric acid in multiple sclerosis». Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. 318: 325–42. ISBN 978-3-540-73676-9. PMID 18219824. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73677-6_13

Gilden DH (março de 2005). «Infectious causes of multiple sclerosis». The Lancet Neurology. 4 (3): 195–202. PMID 15721830. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)01017-3

Chari DM (2007). «Remyelination in multiple sclerosis». Int. Rev. Neurobiol. International Review of Neurobiology. 79: 589–620. ISBN 978-0-12-373736-6. PMID 17531860. doi:10.1016/S0074-7742(07)79026-8

Pittock SJ, Lucchinetti CF (março de 2007). «The pathology of MS: new insights and potential clinical applications». Neurologist. 13 (2): 45–56. PMID 17351524. doi:10.1097/01.nrl.0000253065.31662.37

Iglesias A, Bauer J, Litzenburger T, Schubart A, Linington C (novembro de 2001). «T- and B-cell responses to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis». Glia. 36 (2): 220–34. PMID 11596130. doi:10.1002/glia.1111

Trojano M, Paolicelli D (novembro de 2001). «The differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: classification and clinical features of relapsing and progressive neurological syndromes». Neurol. Sci. 22 (Suppl 2): S98–102. PMID 11794488. doi:10.1007/s100720100044^{[ligação inativa]}

Poser CM, Brinar VV (junho de 2004). «Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: an historical review». Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 106 (3): 147–58. PMID 15177763. doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2004.02.004

McDonald WI, Compston A, Edan G; et al. (julho de 2001). «Recommended diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: guidelines from the International Panel on the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis». Ann. Neurol. 50 (1): 121–7. PMID 11456302. doi:10.1002/ana.1032

Polman CH, Reingold SC, Edan G; et al. (dezembro de 2005). «Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2005 revisions to the "McDonald Criteria"». Ann. Neurol. 58 (6): 840–6. PMID 16283615. doi:10.1002/ana.20703

Rashid W, Miller DH (fevereiro de 2008). «Recent advances in neuroimaging of multiple sclerosis». Semin Neurol. 28 (1): 46–55. PMID 18256986. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1019127

Link H, Huang YM (novembro de 2006). «Oligoclonal bands in multiple sclerosis cerebrospinal fluid: an updata on methodology and clinical usefulness». J. Neuroimmunol. 180 (1–2): 17–28. PMID 16945427. doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2006.07.006

Pittock SJ, Rodriguez M (2008). «Benign multiple sclerosis: a distinct clinical entity with therapeutic implications». Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. 318: 1–17. ISBN 978-3-540-73676-9. PMID 18219812. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73677-6_1

Miller D, Barkhof F, Montalban X, Thompson A, Filippi M (maio de 2005). «Clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis, part I: natural history, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis». Lancet Neurol. 4 (5): 281–8. PMID 15847841. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70071-5

Rovaris M, Confavreux C, Furlan R, Kappos L, Comi G, Filippi M (abril de 2006). «Secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: current knowledge and future challenges». Lancet Neurol. 5 (4): 343–54. PMID 16545751. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70410-0

Miller DH, Leary SM (outubro de 2007). «Primary-progressive multiple sclerosis». Lancet Neurol. 6 (10): 903–12. PMID 17884680. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70243-0

Stadelmann C, Brück W (novembro de 2004). «Lessons from the neuropathology of atypical forms of multiple sclerosis». Neurol. Sci. 25 (Suppl 4): S319–22. PMID 15727225. doi:10.1007/s10072-004-0333-1

Burton JM, O'Connor PW, Hohol M, Beyene J (2009). Burton, Jodie M, ed. «Oral versus intravenous steroids for treatment of relapses in multiple sclerosis». Cochrane Database Syst Rev (3): CD006921. PMID 19588409. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006921.pub2

Comi G (outubro de 2009). «Treatment of multiple sclerosis: role of natalizumab». Neurol. Sci. 30. Suppl 2 (S2): S155–8. PMID 19882365. doi:10.1007/s10072-009-0147-2

Johnson KP (2007). «Control of multiple sclerosis relapses with immunomodulating agents». J. Neurol. Sci. 256 (Suppl 1): S23–8. PMID 17350652. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.060

Martinelli Boneschi F, Rovaris M, Capra R, Comi G (2005). Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo, ed. «Mitoxantrone for multiple sclerosis». Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (4): CD002127. PMID 16235298. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002127.pub2

Leary SM, Thompson AJ (2005). «Primary progressive multiple sclerosis: current and future treatment options». CNS Drugs. 19 (5): 369–76. PMID 15907149. doi:10.2165/00023210-200519050-00001

Munari L, Lovati R, Boiko A (2004). Munari, Luca M., ed. «Therapy with glatiramer acetate for multiple sclerosis». Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (1): CD004678. PMID 14974077. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004678

Tremlett H, Oger J (novembro de 2004). «Hepatic injury, liver monitoring and the beta-interferons for multiple sclerosis». J. Neurol. 251 (11): 1297–303. PMID 15592724. doi:10.1007/s00415-004-0619-5

Kesselring J, Beer S (2005). «Symptomatic therapy and neurorehabilitation in multiple sclerosis». The Lancet Neurology. 4 (10): 643–52. PMID 16168933. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70193-9

Khan F, Turner-Stokes L, Ng L, Kilpatrick T (2007). Khan, Fary, ed. «Multidisciplinary rehabilitation for adults with multiple sclerosis». Cochrane Database Syst Rev (2): CD006036. PMID 17443610. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006036.pub2

Smith, Cath; Leigh Hale; Kärin Olson; Anthony Schneiders (2009). «How does exercise influence fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis?». Disability and Rehabilitation. 31 (9): 685–692. PMID 18841515. doi:10.1080/09638280802273473

Stroud NM, Minahan CL (2009). «The impact of regular physical activity on fatigue, depression and quality of life in persons with multiple sclerosis». Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. 7. 68 páginas. PMC 2717927

. PMID 19619337. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-7-68

Rietberg MB, Brooks D, Uitdehaag BMJ, Kwakkel G (2005). Kwakkel, Gert, ed. «Exercise therapy for multiple sclerosis». Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. CD003980 (1): CD003980. PMID 15674920. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003980.pub2

Dalgas U, Stenager E, Jakobsen J; et al. (2009). «Resistance training improves muscle strength and functional capacity in multiple sclerosis». Neurology. 73 (18): 1478–1484. PMID 19884575. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181bf98b4

Davis, SL; Wilson, TE, White, AT, Frohman, EM (novembro de 2010). «Thermoregulation in multiple sclerosis.». Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985). 109 (5): 1531–7. PMC 2980380

. PMID 20671034. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00460.2010

Olsen SA (2009). «A review of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by people with multiple sclerosis». Occup Ther Int. 16 (1): 57–70. PMID 19222053. doi:10.1002/oti.266

Farinotti M, Simi S, Di Pietrantonj C; et al. (2007). Farinotti, Mariangela, ed. «Dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis». Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (1): CD004192. PMID 17253500. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004192.pub2

Chong MS, Wolff K, Wise K, Tanton C, Winstock A, Silber E (2006). «Cannabis use in patients with multiple sclerosis». Mult. Scler. 12 (5): 646–51. PMID 17086912. doi:10.1177/1352458506070947

Bennett M, Heard R (2004). Bennett, Michael H, ed. «Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for multiple sclerosis». Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) (1): CD003057. PMID 14974004. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003057.pub2

Phadke JG (maio de 1987). «Survival pattern and cause of death in patients with multiple sclerosis: results from an epidemiological survey in north east Scotland». J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 50 (5): 523–31. PMC 1031962

. PMID 3495637. doi:10.1136/jnnp.50.5.523

Alonso A, Hernán MA (julho de 2008). «Temporal trends in the incidence of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review». Neurology. 71 (2): 129–35. PMID 18606967. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000316802.35974.34

Pugliatti, M; Sotgiu, S, Rosati, G (Jul. 2002). «The worldwide prevalence of multiple sclerosis». Clinical neurology and neurosurgery. 104 (3): 182–91. PMID 12127652. doi:10.1016/S0303-8467(02)00036-7

Kulie T, Groff A, Redmer J, Hounshell J, Schrager S (2009). «Vitamin D: an evidence-based review». J Am Board Fam Med. 22 (6): 698–706. PMID 19897699. doi:10.3122/jabfm.2009.06.090037

Compston A (outubro de 1988). «The 150th anniversary of the first depiction of the lesions of multiple sclerosis». J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 51 (10): 1249–52. PMC 1032909

. PMID 3066846. doi:10.1136/jnnp.51.10.1249

Lassmann H (29 de outubro de 1999). «The pathology of multiple sclerosis and its evolution». Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 354 (1390): 1635–40. PMC 1692680

. PMID 10603616. doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0508

Lassmann H (julho de 2005). «Multiple sclerosis pathology: evolution of pathogenetic concepts». Brain Pathology. 15 (3): 217–22. PMID 16196388. doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2005.tb00523.x

Cohen JA (julho de 2009). «Emerging therapies for relapsing multiple sclerosis». Arch. Neurol. 66 (7): 821–8. PMID 19597083. doi:10.1001/archneurol.2009.104

Kappos L; Radue, EW; O'Connor, P; Polman, C; Hohlfeld, R; Calabresi, P; Selmaj, K; Agoropoulou, C; Leyk, M (fevereiro de 2010). «A placebo-controlled trial of oral fingolimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis». N Eng J Med. 362 (5): 387–401. PMID 20089952. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0909494

Cohen JA; Barkhof, F; Comi, G; Hartung, HP; Khatri, BO; Montalban, X; Pelletier, J; Capra, R; Gallo, P (fevereiro de 2010). «Oral fingolimod or intramuscular interferon for relapsing multiple sclerosis». N Eng J Med. 362 (5): 402–415. PMID 20089954. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0907839

Patel PN (setembro de 2007). «Low-dose naltrexone for treatment of multiple sclerosis: clinical trials are needed». Ann Pharmacother. 41 (9): 1549–50. PMID 17623758. doi:10.1345/aph.1H083

Gironi M, Martinelli-Boneschi F, Sacerdote P, Solaro C, Zaffaroni M, Cavarretta R, Moiola L, Bucello S, Radaelli M, Pilato V, Rodegher M, Cursi M, Franchi S, Martinelli V, Nemni R, Comi G, Martino G (2008). «A pilot trial of low-dose naltrexone in primary progressive multiple sclerosis». Multiple Sclerosis. 14 (8): 1076–83. PMID 18728058. doi:10.1177/1352458508095828

Harris VK, Sadiq SA (2009). «Disease biomarkers in multiple sclerosis: potential for use in therapeutic decision making». Mol Diagn Ther. 13 (4): 225–44. PMID 19712003. doi:10.2165/11313470-000000000-00000

Qiu J (maio de 2010). «Venous abnormalities and multiple sclerosis: another breakthrough claim?». Lancet Neurol. 9 (5): 464–5. PMID 20398855. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70098-3

Ghezzi A, Comi G, Federico A (fevereiro de 2011). «Chronic cerebro-spinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis». Neurol. Sci. 32 (1): 17–21. PMID 21161309. doi:10.1007/s10072-010-0458-3

Dorne H, Zaidat OO, Fiorella D, Hirsch J, Prestigiacomo C, Albuquerque F, Tarr RW. (outubro de 2010). «Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and the doubtful promise of an endovascular treatment for multiple sclerosis». J NeuroIntervent Surg. 2 (4): 309–311. doi:10.1136/jnis.2010.003947

Khan O, Filippi M, Freedman MS, Barkhof F, Dore-Duffy P, Lassmann H, Trapp B, Bar-Or A, Zak I, Siegel MJ, Lisak R (12 de fevereiro de 2010). «Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and multiple sclerosis». Annals of Neurology. Annals of neurology. 67 (3): 286–90. PMID 20373339. doi:10.1002/ana.22001

Planas, Raquel; Santos, Radleigh; Tomas-Ojer, Paula; Cruciani, Carolina; Lutterotti, Andreas; Faigle, Wolfgang; Schaeren-Wiemers, Nicole; Espejo, Carmen; Eixarch, Herena (10 de outubro de 2018). «GDP-l-fucose synthase is a CD4+ T cell–specific autoantigen in DRB3*02:02 patients with multiple sclerosis». Science Translational Medicine (em inglês). 10 (462): eaat4301. ISSN 1946-6234. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aat4301

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Milo R, Kahana E (março de 2010). «Multiple sclerosis: geoepidemiology, genetics and the environment». Autoimmunity Reviews. 9 (5): A387-94. PMID 19932200. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2009.11.010

Tsang BK, Macdonell R (dezembro de 2011). «Multiple sclerosis- diagnosis, management and prognosis». Australian Family Physician. 40 (12): 948–55. PMID 22146321

Compston A, Coles A (outubro de 2008). «Multiple sclerosis». Lancet. 372 (9648): 1502–17. PMID 18970977. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61620-7

. PMID 27733282. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6

. PMID 27733281. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1

Rosati G (abril de 2001). «The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in the world: an updata». Neurol. Sci. 22 (2): 117–39. PMID 11603614. doi:10.1007/s100720170011

Clanet M (junho de 2008). «Jean-Martin Charcot. 1825 to 1893» (PDF). Int MS J. 15 (2): 59–61. PMID 18782501
* Charcot, J. (1868). «Histologie de la sclerose en plaques». Gazette des hopitaux, Paris. 41: 554–5

Compston A, Coles A (abril de 2002). «Multiple sclerosis». Lancet. 359 (9313): 1221–31. PMID 11955556. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08220-X

Ascherio A, Munger KL (abril de 2007). «Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part I: the role of infection». Ann. Neurol. 61 (4): 288–99. PMID 17444504. doi:10.1002/ana.21117

. PMID 19060024. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2008.157164

Fred D. Lublin; Reingold SC (abril de 1996). «Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis». Neurology. 46 (4): 907–11. PMID 8780061

Weinshenker BG (1994). «Natural history of multiple sclerosis». Ann. Neurol. 36 (Suppl): S6–11. PMID 8017890. doi:10.1002/ana.410360704

Petzold A, Fraser CL, Abegg M; et al. (2022). «Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis». The Lancet Neurology. 21 (12): 1120–1134. PMID 36179757. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9

Page NG, Bolger JP, Sanders MD (janeiro de 1982). «Auditory evoked phosphenes in optic nerve disease». J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 45 (1): 7–12. PMC 491258

. PMID 7062073. doi:10.1136/jnnp.45.1.7

Martinelli V (2000). «Trauma, stress and multiple sclerosis». Neurol. Sci. 21 (4 Suppl 2): S849–52. PMID 11205361. doi:10.1007/s100720070024^{[ligação inativa]}

Kurtzke JF (1983). «Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS)». Neurology. 33 (11): 1444–52. PMID 6685237

Dyment DA, Ebers GC, Sadovnick AD (fevereiro de 2004). «Genetics of multiple sclerosis». Lancet Neurol. 3 (92): 104–10. PMID 14747002. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(03)00663-X

Marrie RA (dezembro de 2004). «Environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis aetiology». Lancet Neurol. 3 (12): 709–18. PMID 15556803. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(04)00933-0

Ascherio A, Munger KL (junho de 2007). «Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Noninfectious factors». Ann. Neurol. 61 (6): 504–13. PMID 17492755. doi:10.1002/ana.21141

Ascherio A, Munger KL, Simon KC (junho de 2010). «Vitamin D and multiple sclerosis». Lancet Neurol. 9 (6): 599–612. PMID 20494325. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(10)70086-7

Kurtzke JF (outubro de 1993). «Epidemiologic evidence for multiple sclerosis as an infection». Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 6 (4): 382–427. PMC 358295

. PMID 8269393

Gilden DH (março de 2005). «Infectious causes of multiple sclerosis». The Lancet Neurology. 4 (3): 195–202. PMID 15721830. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)01017-3

Rashid W, Miller DH (fevereiro de 2008). «Recent advances in neuroimaging of multiple sclerosis». Semin Neurol. 28 (1): 46–55. PMID 18256986. doi:10.1055/s-2007-1019127

Gronseth GS, Ashman EJ (maio de 2000). «Practice parameter: the usefulness of evoked potentials in identifying clinically silent lesions in patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (an evidence-based review): Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology». Neurology. 54 (9): 1720–5. PMID 10802774

Miller DH, Leary SM (outubro de 2007). «Primary-progressive multiple sclerosis». Lancet Neurol. 6 (10): 903–12. PMID 17884680. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70243-0

The Royal College of Physicians (2004). Multiple Sclerosis. National clinical guideline for diagnosis and management in primary and secondary care. Salisbury, Wiltshire: Sarum ColourView Group. pp. 54–57. ISBN 1-86016-182-0

Comi G (outubro de 2009). «Treatment of multiple sclerosis: role of natalizumab». Neurol. Sci. 30. Suppl 2 (S2): S155–8. PMID 19882365. doi:10.1007/s10072-009-0147-2

Johnson KP (2007). «Control of multiple sclerosis relapses with immunomodulating agents». J. Neurol. Sci. 256 (Suppl 1): S23–8. PMID 17350652. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.01.060

Leary SM, Thompson AJ (2005). «Primary progressive multiple sclerosis: current and future treatment options». CNS Drugs. 19 (5): 369–76. PMID 15907149. doi:10.2165/00023210-200519050-00001

Sládková T, Kostolanský F (2006). «The role of cytokines in the immune response to influenza A virus infection». Acta Virol. 50 (3): 151–62. PMID 17131933

Kesselring J, Beer S (2005). «Symptomatic therapy and neurorehabilitation in multiple sclerosis». The Lancet Neurology. 4 (10): 643–52. PMID 16168933. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70193-9

. PMID 19619337. doi:10.1186/1477-7525-7-68

. PMID 20671034. doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00460.2010

Olsen SA (2009). «A review of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by people with multiple sclerosis». Occup Ther Int. 16 (1): 57–70. PMID 19222053. doi:10.1002/oti.266

Chong MS, Wolff K, Wise K, Tanton C, Winstock A, Silber E (2006). «Cannabis use in patients with multiple sclerosis». Mult. Scler. 12 (5): 646–51. PMID 17086912. doi:10.1177/1352458506070947

. PMID 3495637. doi:10.1136/jnnp.50.5.523

Myhr KM, Riise T, Vedeler C; et al. (fevereiro de 2001). «Disability and prognosis in multiple sclerosis: demographic and clinical variables important for the ability to walk and awarding of disability pension». Mult. Scler. 7 (1): 59–65. PMID 11321195^{[ligação inativa]}

Kulie T, Groff A, Redmer J, Hounshell J, Schrager S (2009). «Vitamin D: an evidence-based review». J Am Board Fam Med. 22 (6): 698–706. PMID 19897699. doi:10.3122/jabfm.2009.06.090037

Compston A (outubro de 1988). «The 150th anniversary of the first depiction of the lesions of multiple sclerosis». J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 51 (10): 1249–52. PMC 1032909

. PMID 3066846. doi:10.1136/jnnp.51.10.1249

Lassmann H (29 de outubro de 1999). «The pathology of multiple sclerosis and its evolution». Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 354 (1390): 1635–40. PMC 1692680

. PMID 10603616. doi:10.1098/rstb.1999.0508

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