Seigle, Cecilia Segawa (1993). Yoshiwara: the glittering world of the Japanese courtesan. [Honolulu]: University of Hawaii Press.ISBN 0-8248-1488-6.«pages 170-175»
Liza Dalby.«Do They or Don't They»Retrieved 12 January 2010. "The question always comes up...just how 'available' is a geisha? [...] There is no simple answer."