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Liu, Qikun; 劉淇昆 (2021). Ba guo lian jun nai zheng yi zhi shi = Eight-nation alliance Chu ban ed. Tai bei shi: [s.n.] ISBN978-957-13-9199-1. OCLC1273665236
Roark, James L.; Johnson, Michael P.; Furstenburg, Francois; Cline Cohen, Patricia; Hartmann, Susan M.; Stage (2020). «Chapter 20 Dissent, Depression, and War: 1890–1900». The American Promise: A History of the United States (Kindle). Combined Volume Value Edition, 8th ed. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin's. ISBN978-1-319-20892-9. OCLC1096495503
Roark, James L.; Johnson, Michael P.; Furstenburg, Francois; Cline Cohen, Patricia; Hartmann, Susan M.; Stage, Sarah; Igo, Sarah E. (2020). «Chapter 20 Dissent, Depression, and War: 1890–1900». The American Promise: A History of the United States (Kindle). Combined Volume Value Edition, 8th ed. Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin's. Kindle Locations 14816–14835. ISBN978-1-319-20892-9. OCLC1096495503