Haulman, Clyde (2002). «Virginia Commodity Prices during the Panic of 1819». Journal of the Early Republic. 22 (4): 675–88. JSTOR3124762. doi:10.2307/3124762
encyclopedia.com
Ammon, Harry. 2002. [1]Presidents: A Reference History The Gale Group, Inc. Farmington Hills, Michigan
jstor.org
Haulman, Clyde (2002). «Virginia Commodity Prices during the Panic of 1819». Journal of the Early Republic. 22 (4): 675–88. JSTOR3124762. doi:10.2307/3124762