References analysis of the Wikipedia article "Sensibilidade ao glúten não-celíaca" in the Portuguese version

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Zis P, Hadjivassiliou M (26 de fevereiro de 2019). «Treatment of Neurological Manifestations of Gluten Sensitivity and Coeliac Disease.». Curr Treat Options Neurol (Review). 21 (3). 10 páginas. PMID 30806821. doi:10.1007/s11940-019-0552-7

Catassi C (2015). «Gluten Sensitivity.». Ann Nutr Metab (Review). 67 Suppl 2 (2): 16–26. PMID 26605537. doi:10.1159/000440990

Fasano A, Sapone A, Zevallos V, Schuppan D (maio de 2015). «Nonceliac gluten sensitivity». Gastroenterology (Review). 148: 1195–204. PMID 25583468. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.049. Cereals such as wheat and rye, when consumed in normal quantities, are only minor sources of FODMAPs in the daily diet. (...) Table 1. Sources of FODMAPs (...) Oligosaccharides (fructans and/or galactans). Cereals: wheat and rye when eaten in large amounts (eg, bread, pasta, couscous, crackers, biscuits)

Catassi C, Bai J, Bonaz B, Bouma G, Calabrò A, Carroccio A, Castillejo G, Ciacci C, Cristofori F, Dolinsek J, Francavilla R, Elli L, Green P, Holtmeier W, Koehler P, Koletzko S, Meinhold C, Sanders D, Schumann M, Schuppan D, Ullrich R, Vécsei A, Volta U, Zevallos V, Sapone A, Fasano A (2013). «Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: the new frontier of gluten related disorders». Nutrients (Review). 5: 3839–3853. ISSN 2072-6643. PMC 3820047

. PMID 24077239. doi:10.3390/nu5103839. Gluten sensitivity (GS) was originally described in the 1980s [1] and a recently “re-discovered” syndrome entity, characterized by intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten-containing food, in subjects that are not affected with either celiac disease (CD) or wheat allergy (WA).

Lebwohl B, Ludvigsson JF, Green PH (outubro de 2015). «Celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity». BMJ (Review). 351: h4347. PMC 4596973

. PMID 26438584. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4347

Aziz I, Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DS (setembro de 2015). «The spectrum of noncoeliac gluten sensitivity». Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol (Review). 12: 516–26. PMID 26122473. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.107

Watkins RD, Zawahir S (2017). «Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity.». Pediatr Clin North Am (Review). 64 (3): 563–576. PMID 28502438. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.013

Volta U, De Giorgio R, Caio G, Uhde M, Manfredini R, Alaedini A (2019). «Nonceliac Wheat Sensitivity: An Immune-Mediated Condition with Systemic Manifestations». Gastroenterol Clin North Am (Review). 48: 165–182. PMC 6364564

. PMID 30711208. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2018.09.012

Volta U, Caio G, Tovoli F, De Giorgio R (2013). «Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: questions still to be answered despite increasing awareness». Cellular and Molecular Immunology (Review). 10: 383–392. ISSN 1672-7681. PMC 4003198

. PMID 23934026. doi:10.1038/cmi.2013.28

Schuppan D, Pickert G, Ashfaq-Khan M, Zevallos V (junho de 2015). «Non-celiac wheat sensitivity: differential diagnosis, triggers and implications». Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol (Review). 29: 469–76. PMID 26060111. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.002

Green PH, Lebwohl B, Greywoode R (maio de 2015). «Celiac disease». J Allergy Clin Immunol. 135: 1099–106. PMID 25956012. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.044

Molina-Infante J, Santolaria S, Sanders DS, Fernández-Bañares F (maio de 2015). «Systematic review: noncoeliac gluten sensitivity». Aliment Pharmacol Ther (Review). 41: 807–20. PMID 25753138. doi:10.1111/apt.13155

Ludvigsson JF, Leffler DA, Bai JC, Biagi F, Fasano A, Green PH, Hadjivassiliou M, Kaukinen K, Kelly CP, Leonard JN, Lundin KE, Murray JA, Sanders DS, Walker MM, Zingone F, Ciacci C (janeiro de 2013). «The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms». Gut (Consensus Development Conference. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't). 62: 43–52. PMC 3440559

. PMID 22345659. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301346

Fasano A, Sapone A, Zevallos V, Schuppan D (maio de 2015). «Nonceliac gluten sensitivity». Gastroenterology (Review). 148: 1195–204. PMID 25583468. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.049. Since 2010, the definition of NCGS has been discussed at 3 consensus conferences, which led to 3 publications. Given the uncertainties about this clinical entity and the lack of diagnostic biomarkers, all 3 reports concluded that NCGS should be defined by the following exclusionary criteria: a clinical entity induced by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that resolve once the gluten-containing foodstuff is eliminated from the diet, and when celiac disease and wheat allergy have been ruled out.

Sapone A, Bai JC, Ciacci C, Dolinsek J, Green PH, Hadjivassiliou M, Kaukinen K, Rostami K, Sanders DS, Schumann M, Ullrich R, Villalta D, Volta U, Catassi C, Fasano A (2012). «Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification». BMC Medicine (Review). 10. 13 páginas. PMC 3292448

. PMID 22313950. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-13

Volta U, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Henriksen C, Skodje G, Lundin KE (junho de 2015). «Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders». Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol (Review). 29: 477–91. PMID 26060112. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.006. According to the diagnostic criteria established by two Consensus Conferences (London 2011 and Munich 2012), the current view to NCGS diagnosis is based on symptom / manifestation evaluation along with the exclusion of CD and WA [5,7].

Khan, Anam; Gould Suarez, Milena; Murray, Joseph (10 de abril de 2019). «Nonceliac Gluten and Wheat Sensitivity». Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020 Aug;18(9): 1913–1922.e1. PMID 30978535. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2019.04.009 – via PubMed. However, there is a great deal of skepticism within the scientific community questioning the existence of NCGS as a distinct clinical disorder. There are no strict diagnostic criteria and a placebo-controlled rechallenge trial has been recommended for diagnosis

Elli L, Roncoroni L, Bardella MT (2015). «Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: Time for sifting the grain.». World J Gastroenterol (Review). 21: 8221–6. PMC 4507091

. PMID 26217073. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i27.8221

Leonard MM, Sapone A, Catassi C, Fasano A (2017). «Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity: A Review». JAMA (Review). 318: 647–656. PMID 28810029. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.9730. Previous studies have shown that gliadin can cause an immediate and transient increase in gut permeability. This permeating effect is secondary to the binding of specific undigestible gliadin fragments to the CXCR3 chemokine receptor with subsequent release of zonulin, a modulator of intercellular tight junctions. This process takes place in all individuals who ingest gluten.

Verbeke, K (fevereiro de 2018). «Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity: What Is the Culprit?». Gastroenterology. 154: 471–473. PMID 29337156. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.01.013

Ontiveros N, Hardy MY, Cabrera-Chavez F (2015). «Assessing of Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity». Gastroenterology Research and Practice (Review). 2015: 1–13. PMC 4429206

. PMID 26064097. doi:10.1155/2015/723954

Vriezinga SL, Schweizer JJ, Koning F, Mearin ML (setembro de 2015). «Coeliac disease and gluten-related disorders in childhood». Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol (Review). 12: 527–36. PMID 26100369. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.98. NCGS is a clinical condition in which intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms are triggered by gluten ingestion, in the absence of coeliac disease and wheat allergy. The symptoms usually occur soon after gluten ingestion, improve or disappear within hours or a few days after gluten withdrawal, and relapse following its reintroduction. ... Unlike coeliac disease and wheat allergy, NCGS is an unclear and controversial entity.

Fasano A, Sapone A, Zevallos V, Schuppan D (maio de 2015). «Nonceliac gluten sensitivity». Gastroenterology (Review). 148: 1195–204. PMID 25583468. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.049. One of the most controversial and highly debated discussions concerns the role of gluten in causing NCGS. Recent reports have indicated that gluten might not be the cause of NCGS, and some investigators still question whether NCGS as a real clinical entity. (...) Cereals such as wheat and rye, when consumed in normal quantities, are only minor sources of FODMAPs in the daily diet (Table 1). Therefore, gluten-containing grains are not likely to induce IBS exclusively via FODMAPs. In contrast, there is growing evidence that other proteins that are unique to gluten-containing cereals can elicit an innate immune response that leads to NCGS, raising a nomenclature issue. For this reason, wheat sensitivity, rather than gluten sensitivity, seems to be a more appropriate term, keeping in mind that other gluten-containing grains such as barley and rye also can trigger the symptoms.

Makharia A, Catassi C, Makharia GK (2015). «The Overlap between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Clinical Dilemma». Nutrients. 7: 10417–26. PMC 4690093

. PMID 26690475. doi:10.3390/nu7125541

Czaja-Bulsa G (abril de 2015). «Non coeliac gluten sensitivity – A new disease with gluten intolerance». Clin Nutr (Review). 34: 189–94. PMID 25245857. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.08.012

. The new syndrome has been named non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or gluten sensitivity (GS).

Tonutti E, Bizzaro N (2014). «Diagnosis and classification of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity». Autoimmun Rev (Review). 13: 472–6. PMID 24440147. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.043

Verdu EF, Armstrong D, Murray JA (2009). «Between celiac disease and irritable bowel syndrome: the "no man's land" of gluten sensitivity». Am J Gastroenterol (Review). 104: 1587–94. PMC 3480312

. PMID 19455131. doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.188

Mansueto, Pasquale; Seidita, Aurelio; D'Alcamo, Alberto; Carroccio, Antonio (2014). «Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: Literature Review» (PDF). Journal of the American College of Nutrition (Review). 33: 39–54. ISSN 0731-5724. PMID 24533607. doi:10.1080/07315724.2014.869996 |hdl-access= requer |hdl= (ajuda)

Fasano, A; Catassi, C (20 de dezembro de 2012). «Clinical practice. Celiac disease.». The New England Journal of Medicine (Review). 367: 2419–26. PMID 23252527. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1113994

Mitoma H, Adhikari K, Aeschlimann D, Chattopadhyay P, Hadjivassiliou M, Hampe CS, et al. (2016). «Consensus Paper: Neuroimmune Mechanisms of Cerebellar Ataxias». Cerebellum (Review). 15: 213–32. PMC 4591117

. PMID 25823827. doi:10.1007/s12311-015-0664-x

Catassi, C; Elli, L; Bonaz, B; Bouma, G; Carroccio, A; Castillejo, G; Cellier, C; Cristofori, F; De Magistris, L (2015). «Diagnosis of Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS): The Salerno Experts' Criteria». Nutrients. 7: 4966–4977. PMC 4488826

. PMID 26096570. doi:10.3390/nu7064966

Bressan, Paola; Kramer, Peter (2016). «Bread and Other Edible Agents of Mental Disease». Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (em inglês). 10. 130 páginas. ISSN 1662-5161. PMC 4809873

. PMID 27065833. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00130

Vinagre-Aragón A, Zis P, Grunewald RA, Hadjivassiliou M (2018). «Movement Disorders Related to Gluten Sensitivity: A Systematic Review». Nutrients (Systematic Review). 10. 1034 páginas. PMC 6115931

. PMID 30096784. doi:10.3390/nu10081034

Fasano A (janeiro de 2011). «Zonulin and its regulation of intestinal barrier function: the biological door to inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancer». Physiol. Rev. (Review). 91: 151–75. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.653.3967

. PMID 21248165. doi:10.1152/physrev.00003.2008

Elli L, Branchi F, Tomba C, Villalta D, Norsa L, Ferretti F, Roncoroni L, Bardella MT (junho de 2015). «Diagnosis of gluten related disorders: Celiac disease, wheat allergy and non-celiac gluten sensitivity». World J Gastroenterol. 21: 7110–9. PMC 4476872

. PMID 26109797. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i23.7110

Barone, Maria; Troncone, Riccardo; Auricchio, Salvatore (2014). «Gliadin Peptides as Triggers of the Proliferative and Stress/Innate Immune Response of the Celiac Small Intestinal Mucosa». International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Review). 15: 20518–20537. ISSN 1422-0067. PMC 4264181

. PMID 25387079. doi:10.3390/ijms151120518

Junker, Y.; Zeissig, S.; Kim, S.-J.; Barisani, D.; Wieser, H.; Leffler, D. A.; Zevallos, V.; Libermann, T. A.; Dillon, S. (2012). «Wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors drive intestinal inflammation via activation of toll-like receptor 4». Journal of Experimental Medicine. 209: 2395–2408. ISSN 0022-1007. PMC 3526354

. PMID 23209313. doi:10.1084/jem.20102660

. PMID 23209313. doi:10.1084/jem.20102660. more recent breeding of high yielding and highly pest-resistant wheat […] has led to a drastic increase of ATI content. […] Our finding of ATI as a potent stimulator of TLR4 in the intestine might not only be relevant to celiac disease, but is likely to have implications for patients with so-called gluten sensitivity and possibly for patients with irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and even nonintestinal inflammation.

Kucek, Lisa Kissing; Veenstra, Lynn D.; Amnuaycheewa, Plaimein; Sorrells, Mark E. (2015). «A Grounded Guide to Gluten: How Modern Genotypes and Processing Impact Wheat Sensitivity». Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 14: 285–302. ISSN 1541-4337. PMID 33401796. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12129

Ontiveros N, Hardy MY, Cabrera-Chavez F (2015). «Assessing of Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity». Gastroenterology Research and Practice (Review). 2015: 1–13. PMC 4429206

. PMID 26064097. doi:10.1155/2015/723954. The literature suggests that FODMAPs and not gluten per se are the triggers of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients that fit most of the proposed NCGS definitions

Gibson PR, Shepherd SJ (fevereiro de 2010). «Evidence-based dietary management of functional gastrointestinal symptoms: The FODMAP approach». Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 25: 252–8. PMID 20136989. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.06149.x

. Wheat is a major source of fructans in the diet. (...) Table 1 Food sources of FODMAPs. (...) Oligosaccharides (fructans and/or galactans). Cereals: wheat & rye when eaten in large amounts (e.g. bread, pasta, couscous, crackers, biscuits)

Caio, Giacomo; Volta, Umberto; Sapone, Anna; Leffler, Daniel A.; De Giorgio, Roberto; Catassi, Carlo; Fasano, Alessio (23 de julho de 2019). «Celiac disease: a comprehensive current review». BMC Medicine. 17. 142 páginas. ISSN 1741-7015. PMC 6647104

. PMID 31331324. doi:10.1186/s12916-019-1380-z

Rodrigo L, Garrote JA, Vivas S (6 de setembro de 2008). «[Celiac disease] [Article in Spanish]». Med Clin (Barc). 131: 264–70. PMID 18775218. doi:10.1016/S0025-7753(08)72247-4

Fasano A (abril de 2005). «Clinical presentation of celiac disease in the pediatric population». Gastroenterology. 128: S68–73. PMID 15825129. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2005.02.015

Lundin KE, Wijmenga C (setembro de 2015). «Coeliac disease and autoimmune disease-genetic overlap and screening». Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 12: 507–15. PMID 26303674. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2015.136

Genuis SJ, Lobo RA (2014). «Gluten Sensitivity Presenting as a Neuropsychiatric Disorder». Gastroenterology Research and Practice (Review). 2014: 1–6. ISSN 1687-6121. PMC 3944951

. PMID 24693281. doi:10.1155/2014/293206

Hadjivassiliou M, Sanders DD, Aeschlimann DP (2015). «Gluten-related disorders: gluten ataxia». Dig Dis (Review). 33: 264–8. PMID 25925933. doi:10.1159/000369509

Cooper BT, Holmes GK, Ferguson R, Thompson RA, Cooke WT (1976). «Proceeding: Chronic diarrhoea and gluten sensitivity». Gut. 17: 385–402. PMID 1278762. doi:10.1136/gut.17.5.385

. On clinical and biopsy evidence, these patients are sensitive to gluten; therefore making a definition of coeliac disease even more difficult

Ellis A, Linaker BD (1978). «Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity?». Lancet. 1: 1358–9. PMID 78118. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(78)92427-3

Cooper BT, Holmes GK, Ferguson R, Thompson RA, Allan RN, Cooke WT (1980). «Gluten-sensitive diarrhea without evidence of celiac disease». Gastroenterology. 79: 801–6. PMID 7419003. doi:10.1016/0016-5085(80)90432-1

Volta U, Caio G, Karunaratne TB, Alaedini A, De Giorgio R (2017). «Non-coeliac gluten/wheat sensitivity: advances in knowledge and relevant questions.». Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol (Review). 11: 9–18. PMID 27852116. doi:10.1080/17474124.2017.1260003

Lebwohl B, Ludvigsson JF, Green PH (outubro de 2015). «Celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity». BMJ (Review). 5: 351:h4347. PMC 4596973

. PMID 26438584. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4347

Nash DT, Slutzky AR (2014). «Gluten sensitivity: new epidemic or new myth?». Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 27: 377–8. PMC 4255872

. PMID 25484517. doi:10.1080/08998280.2014.11929164

Shewry PR, Hey SJ (2016). «Do we need to worry about eating wheat?». Nutr Bull. 41: 6–13. PMC 4760426

. PMID 26941586. doi:10.1111/nbu.12186

Jones AL (2017). «The Gluten-Free Diet: Fad or Necessity?». Diabetes Spectr. 30: 118–123. PMC 5439366

. PMID 28588378. doi:10.2337/ds16-0022

Reilly NR (2016). «The Gluten-Free Diet: Recognizing Fact, Fiction, and Fad.». J Pediatr. 175: 206–10. PMID 27185419. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.04.014

Volta U, De Giorgio R (2012). «New understanding of gluten sensitivity». Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology (Review). 9: 295–299. ISSN 1759-5045. PMID 22371218. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2012.15

Biesiekierski JR, Muir JG, Gibson PR (2013). «Is gluten a cause of gastrointestinal symptoms in people without celiac disease?». Current Allergy and Asthma Reports (Review). 13: 631–8. PMID 24026574. doi:10.1007/s11882-013-0386-4

Caio G, Volta U, Tovoli F, De Giorgio R (2014). «Effect of gluten free diet on immune response to gliadin in patients with non-celiac gluten sensitivity». BMC Gastroenterology (Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't). 14. 26 páginas. ISSN 1471-230X. PMC 3926852

. PMID 24524388. doi:10.1186/1471-230X-14-26

Branchi F, Aziz I, Conte D, Sanders DS (2015). «Noncoeliac gluten sensitivity: a diagnostic dilemma». Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care (Review). 18: 508–14. PMID 26147528. doi:10.1097/MCO.0000000000000207

Di Sabatino A, Volta U, Salvatore C, Biancheri P, Caio G, De Giorgio R, Di Stefano M, Corazza GR (2015). «Small Amounts of Gluten in Subjects with Suspected Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Trial». Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 13: 1604–12. PMID 25701700. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2015.01.029

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Catassi C (2015). «Gluten Sensitivity.». Ann Nutr Metab (Review). 67 Suppl 2 (2): 16–26. PMID 26605537. doi:10.1159/000440990

Fasano A, Sapone A, Zevallos V, Schuppan D (maio de 2015). «Nonceliac gluten sensitivity». Gastroenterology (Review). 148: 1195–204. PMID 25583468. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.049. Cereals such as wheat and rye, when consumed in normal quantities, are only minor sources of FODMAPs in the daily diet. (...) Table 1. Sources of FODMAPs (...) Oligosaccharides (fructans and/or galactans). Cereals: wheat and rye when eaten in large amounts (eg, bread, pasta, couscous, crackers, biscuits)

Lebwohl B, Ludvigsson JF, Green PH (outubro de 2015). «Celiac disease and non-celiac gluten sensitivity». BMJ (Review). 351: h4347. PMC 4596973

. PMID 26438584. doi:10.1136/bmj.h4347

Watkins RD, Zawahir S (2017). «Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity.». Pediatr Clin North Am (Review). 64 (3): 563–576. PMID 28502438. doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2017.01.013

. PMID 30711208. doi:10.1016/j.gtc.2018.09.012

. PMID 23934026. doi:10.1038/cmi.2013.28

Green PH, Lebwohl B, Greywoode R (maio de 2015). «Celiac disease». J Allergy Clin Immunol. 135: 1099–106. PMID 25956012. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2015.01.044

. PMID 22345659. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2011-301346

Fasano A, Sapone A, Zevallos V, Schuppan D (maio de 2015). «Nonceliac gluten sensitivity». Gastroenterology (Review). 148: 1195–204. PMID 25583468. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.049. Since 2010, the definition of NCGS has been discussed at 3 consensus conferences, which led to 3 publications. Given the uncertainties about this clinical entity and the lack of diagnostic biomarkers, all 3 reports concluded that NCGS should be defined by the following exclusionary criteria: a clinical entity induced by the ingestion of gluten leading to intestinal and/or extraintestinal symptoms that resolve once the gluten-containing foodstuff is eliminated from the diet, and when celiac disease and wheat allergy have been ruled out.

. PMID 22313950. doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-13

Elli L, Roncoroni L, Bardella MT (2015). «Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: Time for sifting the grain.». World J Gastroenterol (Review). 21: 8221–6. PMC 4507091

. PMID 26217073. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i27.8221

Verbeke, K (fevereiro de 2018). «Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity: What Is the Culprit?». Gastroenterology. 154: 471–473. PMID 29337156. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.01.013

Ontiveros N, Hardy MY, Cabrera-Chavez F (2015). «Assessing of Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity». Gastroenterology Research and Practice (Review). 2015: 1–13. PMC 4429206

. PMID 26064097. doi:10.1155/2015/723954

Fasano A, Sapone A, Zevallos V, Schuppan D (maio de 2015). «Nonceliac gluten sensitivity». Gastroenterology (Review). 148: 1195–204. PMID 25583468. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.12.049. One of the most controversial and highly debated discussions concerns the role of gluten in causing NCGS. Recent reports have indicated that gluten might not be the cause of NCGS, and some investigators still question whether NCGS as a real clinical entity. (...) Cereals such as wheat and rye, when consumed in normal quantities, are only minor sources of FODMAPs in the daily diet (Table 1). Therefore, gluten-containing grains are not likely to induce IBS exclusively via FODMAPs. In contrast, there is growing evidence that other proteins that are unique to gluten-containing cereals can elicit an innate immune response that leads to NCGS, raising a nomenclature issue. For this reason, wheat sensitivity, rather than gluten sensitivity, seems to be a more appropriate term, keeping in mind that other gluten-containing grains such as barley and rye also can trigger the symptoms.

Makharia A, Catassi C, Makharia GK (2015). «The Overlap between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity: A Clinical Dilemma». Nutrients. 7: 10417–26. PMC 4690093

. PMID 26690475. doi:10.3390/nu7125541

Czaja-Bulsa G (abril de 2015). «Non coeliac gluten sensitivity – A new disease with gluten intolerance». Clin Nutr (Review). 34: 189–94. PMID 25245857. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.08.012

. The new syndrome has been named non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) or gluten sensitivity (GS).

Tonutti E, Bizzaro N (2014). «Diagnosis and classification of celiac disease and gluten sensitivity». Autoimmun Rev (Review). 13: 472–6. PMID 24440147. doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.043

. PMID 19455131. doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.188

Nijeboer P, Bontkes HJ, Mulder CJ, Bouma G (dezembro de 2013). «Non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Is it in the gluten or the grain?». Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases (Review). 22: 435–40. PMID 24369326

Rossi A, Di Lollo AC, Guzzo MP, Giacomelli C, Atzeni F, Bazzichi L, Di Franco M (2015). «Fibromyalgia and nutrition: what news?». Clin Exp Rheumatol (Review). 33: S117–25. PMID 25786053

Fasano, A; Catassi, C (20 de dezembro de 2012). «Clinical practice. Celiac disease.». The New England Journal of Medicine (Review). 367: 2419–26. PMID 23252527. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp1113994

. PMID 25823827. doi:10.1007/s12311-015-0664-x

. PMID 26096570. doi:10.3390/nu7064966

Bressan, Paola; Kramer, Peter (2016). «Bread and Other Edible Agents of Mental Disease». Frontiers in Human Neuroscience (em inglês). 10. 130 páginas. ISSN 1662-5161. PMC 4809873

. PMID 27065833. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00130

. PMID 30096784. doi:10.3390/nu10081034

. PMID 21248165. doi:10.1152/physrev.00003.2008

. PMID 26109797. doi:10.3748/wjg.v21.i23.7110

. PMID 25387079. doi:10.3390/ijms151120518

. PMID 23209313. doi:10.1084/jem.20102660

Ontiveros N, Hardy MY, Cabrera-Chavez F (2015). «Assessing of Celiac Disease and Nonceliac Gluten Sensitivity». Gastroenterology Research and Practice (Review). 2015: 1–13. PMC 4429206

. PMID 31331324. doi:10.1186/s12916-019-1380-z

Rodrigo L, Garrote JA, Vivas S (6 de setembro de 2008). «[Celiac disease] [Article in Spanish]». Med Clin (Barc). 131: 264–70. PMID 18775218. doi:10.1016/S0025-7753(08)72247-4

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