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Viés de confirmação (Portuguese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Viés de confirmação" in Portuguese language version.

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30doi.org
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13worldcat.org
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4nih.gov
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2books.google.com
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1wsj.com
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1stats.org.uk
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1psychsystems.net
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1web.archive.org
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1skepdic.com
4,757th place
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1cjr.org
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1dartmouth.edu
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1muohio.edu
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1funag.gov.br
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1dominiopublico.gov.br
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1gutenberg.org
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books.google.com

  • Haidt, Jonathan (2012). The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion (em inglês). [S.l.]: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 79. 384 páginas 
  • Tolstoy, Leo. What is Art? p. 124 (1899). In The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1893), he similarly declared, "The most difficult subjects can be explained to the most slow-witted man if he has not formed any idea of them already; but the simplest thing cannot be made clear to the most intelligent man if he is firmly persuaded that he knows already, without a shadow of doubt, what is laid before him." (ch. 3). Translated from the Russian by Constance Garnett, New York, 1894. Project Gutenberg edition released November 2002. Retrieved 2009-08-24.

cjr.org

  • Silverman, Craig (17 de junho de 2011). «The Backfire Effect». Columbia Journalism Review. Consultado em 1 de maio de 2012. When your deepest convictions are challenged by contradictory evidence, your beliefs get stronger. 

dartmouth.edu

doi.org

dx.doi.org

  • Nickerson, Raymond S. (junho de 1998). «Confirmation Bias: A Ubiquitous Phenomenon in Many Guises». Review of General Psychology. 2 (2): 175–220. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.2.175 
  • Devine, Patricia G.; Hirt, Edward R.; Gehrke, Elizabeth M. (1990), «Diagnostic and confirmation strategies in trait hypothesis testing», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 1939-1315, 58 (6): 952–963, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.952 
  • Trope, Yaacov; Bassok, Miriam (1982), «Confirmatory and diagnosing strategies in social information gathering», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 1939-1315, 43 (1): 22–34, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.43.1.22 
  • Klayman, Joshua; Ha, Young-Won (1987), «Confirmation, Disconfirmation and Information in Hypothesis Testing» (PDF), American Psychological Association, Psychological Review, ISSN 0033-295X, 94 (2): 211–228, doi:10.1037/0033-295X.94.2.211, consultado em 14 de agosto de 2009 
  • Shafir, E. (1993), «Choosing versus rejecting: why some options are both better and worse than others», Memory and Cognition, 21 (4): 546–556, PMID 8350746, doi:10.3758/bf03197186  via Fine 2006, pp. 63–65
  • Snyder, Mark; Swann, Jr., William B. (1978), «Hypothesis-Testing Processes in Social Interaction», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 36 (11): 1202–1212, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.36.11.1202  via Poletiek 2001, p. 131
  • Albarracin, D.; Mitchell, A.L. (2004). «The Role of Defensive Confidence in Preference for Proattitudinal Information: How Believing That One Is Strong Can Sometimes Be a Defensive Weakness». Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 30 (12): 1565–1584. doi:10.1177/0146167204271180 
  • Fischer, P.; Fischer, Julia K.; Aydin, Nilüfer; Frey, Dieter (2010). «Physically Attractive Social Information Sources Lead to Increased Selective Exposure to Information». Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 32 (4): 340–347. doi:10.1080/01973533.2010.519208 
  • Stanovich, K. E.; West, R. F.; Toplak, M. E. (2013). «Myside Bias, Rational Thinking, and Intelligence». Current Directions in Psychological Science. 22 (4): 259–264. doi:10.1177/0963721413480174 
  • Mynatt, Clifford R.; Doherty, Michael E.; Tweney, Ryan D. (1978), «Consequences of confirmation and disconfirmation in a simulated research environment», Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 30 (3): 395–406, doi:10.1080/00335557843000007 
  • Lord, Charles G.; Ross, Lee; Lepper, Mark R. (1979), «Biased assimilation and attitude polarization: The effects of prior theories on subsequently considered evidence», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 37 (11): 2098–2109, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.2098 
  • Taber, Charles S.; Lodge, Milton (julho de 2006), «Motivated Skepticism in the Evaluation of Political Beliefs», Midwest Political Science Association, American Journal of Political Science, ISSN 0092-5853, 50 (3): 755–769, doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00214.x 
  • Westen, Drew; Blagov, Pavel S.; Harenski, Keith; Kilts, Clint; Hamann, Stephan (2006), «Neural Bases of Motivated Reasoning: An fMRI Study of Emotional Constraints on Partisan Political Judgment in the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election» (PDF), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18 (11): 1947–1958, PMID 17069484, doi:10.1162/jocn.2006.18.11.1947, consultado em 23 de maio de 2015, cópia arquivada (PDF) em |arquivourl= requer |arquivodata= (ajuda) 🔗 
  • Stangor, Charles; McMillan, David (1992), «Memory for expectancy-congruent and expectancy-incongruent information: A review of the social and social developmental literatures», American Psychological Association, Psychological Bulletin, 111 (1): 42–61, doi:10.1037/0033-2909.111.1.42 
  • Snyder, M.; Cantor, N. (1979), «Testing hypotheses about other people: the use of historical knowledge», Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 15 (4): 330–342, doi:10.1016/0022-1031(79)90042-8  via Goldacre 2008, p. 231
  • Sanitioso, Rasyid; Kunda, Ziva; Fong, G.T. (1990), «Motivated recruitment of autobiographical memories», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 59 (2): 229–241, PMID 2213492, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.59.2.229 
  • Levine, L.; Prohaska, V.; Burgess, S.L.; Rice, J.A.; Laulhere, T.M. (2001). «Remembering past emotions: The role of current appraisals.». Cognition and Emotion. 15: 393–417. doi:10.1080/02699930125955 
  • Safer, M.A.; Bonanno, G.A.; Field, N. (2001). «"It was never that bad": Biased recall of grief and long-term adjustment to the death of a spouse». Memory. 9 (3): 195–203. doi:10.1080/09658210143000065 
  • Russell, Dan; Jones, Warren H. (1980), «When superstition fails: Reactions to disconfirmation of paranormal beliefs», Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, ISSN 1552-7433, 6 (1): 83–88, doi:10.1177/014616728061012  via Vyse 1997, p. 121
  • Kuhn, Deanna; Lao, Joseph (março de 1996), «Effects of Evidence on Attitudes: Is Polarization the Norm?», American Psychological Society, Psychological Science, 7 (2): 115–120, doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1996.tb00340.x 
  • Miller, A.G.; McHoskey, J.W.; Bane, C.M.; Dowd, T.G. (1993), «The attitude polarization phenomenon: Role of response measure, attitude extremity, and behavioral consequences of reported attitude change», Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64 (4): 561–574, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.64.4.561 
  • Nyhan, Brendan; Reifler, Jason (2010). «When Corrections Fail: The Persistence of Political Misperceptions» (PDF). Political Behavior. 32 (2): 303–330. doi:10.1007/s11109-010-9112-2. Consultado em 1 de maio de 2012 
  • Ross, Lee; Lepper, Mark R.; Hubbard, Michael (1975), «Perseverance in self-perception and social perception: Biased attributional processes in the debriefing paradigm», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 32 (5): 880–892, PMID 1185517, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.32.5.880  via Kunda 1999, p. 99
  • Anderson, Craig A.; Lepper, Mark R.; Ross, Lee (1980), «Perseverance of Social Theories: The Role of Explanation in the Persistence of Discredited Information», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 39 (6): 1037–1049, doi:10.1037/h0077720 
  • Redelmeir, D. A.; Tversky, Amos (1996), «On the belief that arthritis pain is related to the weather», Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93 (7): 2895–2896, doi:10.1073/pnas.93.7.2895  via Kunda 1999, p. 127
  • Stanovich, K. E.; West, R. F.; Toplak, M. E. (5 de agosto de 2013). «Myside Bias, Rational Thinking, and Intelligence». Current Directions in Psychological Science. 22 (4): 259–264. doi:10.1177/0963721413480174 
  • Wolfe, Christopher; Anne Britt (2008). «The locus of the myside bias in written argumentation» (PDF). Thinking & Reasoning. 14: 1–27. doi:10.1080/13546780701527674 
  • Mason, Lucia; Scirica, Fabio (outubro de 2006). «Prediction of students' argumentation skills about controversial topics by epistemological understanding». Learning and Instruction. 16 (5): 492–509. doi:10.1016/j.learninstruc.2006.09.007 
  • Weinstock, Michael (dezembro de 2009). «Relative expertise in an everyday reasoning task: Epistemic understanding, problem representation, and reasoning competence». Learning and Individual Differences. 19 (4): 423–434. doi:10.1016/j.lindif.2009.03.003 
  • Weinstock, Michael; Neuman, Yair; Tabak, Iris (janeiro de 2004). «Missing the point or missing the norms? Epistemological norms as predictors of students' ability to identify fallacious arguments». Contemporary Educational Psychology. 29 (1): 77–94. doi:10.1016/S0361-476X(03)00024-9 

dominiopublico.gov.br

funag.gov.br

gutenberg.org

  • Tolstoy, Leo. What is Art? p. 124 (1899). In The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1893), he similarly declared, "The most difficult subjects can be explained to the most slow-witted man if he has not formed any idea of them already; but the simplest thing cannot be made clear to the most intelligent man if he is firmly persuaded that he knows already, without a shadow of doubt, what is laid before him." (ch. 3). Translated from the Russian by Constance Garnett, New York, 1894. Project Gutenberg edition released November 2002. Retrieved 2009-08-24.

muohio.edu

think.psy.muohio.edu

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

psychsystems.net

skepdic.com

stats.org.uk

web.archive.org

worldcat.org

  • Darley, John M.; Gross, Paget H. (2000), «A Hypothesis-Confirming Bias in Labelling Effects», in: Stangor, Charles, Stereotypes and prejudice: essential readings, ISBN 978-0-86377-589-5, Psychology Press, p. 212, OCLC 42823720 
  • Devine, Patricia G.; Hirt, Edward R.; Gehrke, Elizabeth M. (1990), «Diagnostic and confirmation strategies in trait hypothesis testing», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 1939-1315, 58 (6): 952–963, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.6.952 
  • Trope, Yaacov; Bassok, Miriam (1982), «Confirmatory and diagnosing strategies in social information gathering», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 1939-1315, 43 (1): 22–34, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.43.1.22 
  • Klayman, Joshua; Ha, Young-Won (1987), «Confirmation, Disconfirmation and Information in Hypothesis Testing» (PDF), American Psychological Association, Psychological Review, ISSN 0033-295X, 94 (2): 211–228, doi:10.1037/0033-295X.94.2.211, consultado em 14 de agosto de 2009 
  • Kunda, Ziva; Fong, G.T.; Sanitoso, R.; Reber, E. (1993), «Directional questions direct self-conceptions», Society of Experimental Social Psychology, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-1031, 29: 62–63  via Fine 2006, pp. 63–65
  • Lord, Charles G.; Ross, Lee; Lepper, Mark R. (1979), «Biased assimilation and attitude polarization: The effects of prior theories on subsequently considered evidence», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 37 (11): 2098–2109, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.37.11.2098 
  • Taber, Charles S.; Lodge, Milton (julho de 2006), «Motivated Skepticism in the Evaluation of Political Beliefs», Midwest Political Science Association, American Journal of Political Science, ISSN 0092-5853, 50 (3): 755–769, doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00214.x 
  • Hastie, Reid; Park, Bernadette (2005), «The Relationship Between Memory and Judgment Depends on Whether the Judgment Task is Memory-Based or On-Line», in: Hamilton, David L., Social cognition: key readings, ISBN 0-86377-591-8, New York: Psychology Press, p. 394, OCLC 55078722 
  • Sanitioso, Rasyid; Kunda, Ziva; Fong, G.T. (1990), «Motivated recruitment of autobiographical memories», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 59 (2): 229–241, PMID 2213492, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.59.2.229 
  • Russell, Dan; Jones, Warren H. (1980), «When superstition fails: Reactions to disconfirmation of paranormal beliefs», Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, ISSN 1552-7433, 6 (1): 83–88, doi:10.1177/014616728061012  via Vyse 1997, p. 121
  • Ross, Lee; Anderson, Craig A. (1982), «Shortcomings in the attribution process: On the origins and maintenance of erroneous social assessments», in: Kahneman, Daniel; Slovic, Paul; Tversky, Amos, Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases, ISBN 978-0-521-28414-1, Cambridge University Press, pp. 129–152, OCLC 7578020 
  • Ross, Lee; Lepper, Mark R.; Hubbard, Michael (1975), «Perseverance in self-perception and social perception: Biased attributional processes in the debriefing paradigm», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 32 (5): 880–892, PMID 1185517, doi:10.1037/0022-3514.32.5.880  via Kunda 1999, p. 99
  • Anderson, Craig A.; Lepper, Mark R.; Ross, Lee (1980), «Perseverance of Social Theories: The Role of Explanation in the Persistence of Discredited Information», American Psychological Association, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, ISSN 0022-3514, 39 (6): 1037–1049, doi:10.1037/h0077720 

wsj.com

online.wsj.com