Julian Bharier (1972). The Growth of Towns and Villages in Iran, 1900-66. Middle Eastern Studies. 8. [S.l.: s.n.] doi:10.2307/4282398
Mehdi Amani (1994). Situation demographique de l'Iran en 1991. Population (French Edition). 49. [S.l.: s.n.] p. 1159-1169, S. 1163. doi:10.2307/1533676