Kafle, P.R.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G.F.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (). „Kinematics of the Stellar Halo and the Mass Distribution of the Milky Way Using Blue Horizontal Branch Stars”. The Astrophysical Journal. 761 (2): 17. arXiv:1210.7527. Bibcode:2012ApJ...761...98K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/98.
Kafle, P.R.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G.F.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (). „On the Shoulders of Giants: Properties of the Stellar Halo and the Milky Way Mass Distribution”. The Astrophysical Journal. 794 (1): 17. arXiv:1408.1787. Bibcode:2014ApJ...794...59K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/794/1/59.
Reid, M. J.; et al. (). „Trigonometric parallaxes of massive star-forming regions. VI. Galactic structure, fundamental parameters, and noncircular motions”. The Astrophysical Journal. 700 (1): 137–148. arXiv:0902.3913. Bibcode:2009ApJ...700..137R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/137.
Vanhollebeke, E.; Groenewegen, M. A. T.; Girardi, L. (aprilie 2009). „Stellar populations in the Galactic bulge. Modelling the Galactic bulge with TRILEGAL”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (1): 95–107. arXiv:0903.0946. Bibcode:2009A&A...498...95V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20078472.
Majaess, D. (martie 2010). „Concerning the Distance to the Center of the Milky Way and Its Structure”. Acta Astronomica. 60 (1): 55. arXiv:1002.2743. Bibcode:2010AcA....60...55M.
Ghez, A. M.; et al. (decembrie 2008). „Measuring distance and properties of the Milky Way's central supermassive black hole with stellar orbits”. The Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1044–1062. arXiv:0808.2870. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1044G. doi:10.1086/592738.
Wang, Q. D.; Nowak, M. A.; Markoff, S. B.; Baganoff, F. K.; Nayakshin, S.; Yuan, F.; Cuadra, J.; Davis, J.; Dexter, J.; Fabian, A. C.; Grosso, N.; Haggard, D.; Houck, J.; Ji, L.; Li, Z.; Neilsen, J.; Porquet, D.; Ripple, F.; Shcherbakov, R. V. (). „Dissecting X-ray-Emitting Gas Around the Center of Our Galaxy”. Science. 341 (6149): 981–983. arXiv:1307.5845. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..981W. doi:10.1126/science.1240755. PMID23990554.
Blandford, R. D. (). Origin and Evolution of Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei. Galaxy Dynamics, proceedings of a conference held at Rutgers University, ASP Conference Series. 182. Rutgers University (publicat la august 1999). arXiv:astro-ph/9906025. Bibcode:1999ASPC..182...87B.
Carretti, E.; Crocker, R. M.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Haverkorn, M.; Purcell, C.; Gaensler, B. M.; Bernardi, G.; Kesteven, M. J.; Poppi, S. (). „Giant magnetized outflows from the centre of the Milky Way”. Nature. 493 (7430): 66–69. arXiv:1301.0512. Bibcode:2013Natur.493...66C. doi:10.1038/nature11734. PMID23282363.
Majaess, D. J.; Turner, D. G.; Lane, D. J. (). „Searching Beyond the Obscuring Dust Between the Cygnus-Aquila Rifts for Cepheid Tracers of the Galaxy's Spiral Arms”. The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers. 37 (2): 179. arXiv:0909.0897. Bibcode:2009JAVSO..37..179M.
McClure-Griffiths, N. M.; Dickey, J. M.; Gaensler, B. M.; Green, A. J. (). „A Distant Extended Spiral Arm in the Fourth Quadrant of the Milky Way”. The Astrophysical Journal. 607 (2): L127. arXiv:astro-ph/0404448. Bibcode:2004ApJ...607L.127M. doi:10.1086/422031.
Urquhart, J. S.; Figura, C. C.; Moore, T. J. T.; Hoare, M. G.; et al. (ianuarie 2014). „The RMS Survey: Galactic distribution of massive star formation”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (2): 1791–1807. arXiv:1310.4758. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437.1791U. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2006.
Hammer, F.; Puech, M.; Chemin, L.; Flores, H.; et al. (). „The Milky Way, an Exceptionally Quiet Galaxy: Implications for the Formation of Spiral Galaxies”. The Astrophysical Journal. 662 (1): 322–334. arXiv:astro-ph/0702585. Bibcode:2007ApJ...662..322H. doi:10.1086/516727.
Cowan, J. J.; Sneden, C.; Burles, S.; Ivans, I. I.; Beers, T. C.; Truran, J. W.; Lawler, J. E.; Primas, F.; Fuller, G. M.; et al. (). „The Chemical Composition and Age of the Metal‐poor Halo Star BD +17o3248”. The Astrophysical Journal. 572 (2): 861–879. arXiv:astro-ph/0202429. Bibcode:2002ApJ...572..861C. doi:10.1086/340347.
Putman, M. E.; Staveley‐Smith, L.; Freeman, K. C.; Gibson, B. K.; Barnes, D. G. (). „The Magellanic Stream, High‐Velocity Clouds, and the Sculptor Group”. The Astrophysical Journal. 586 (1): 170–194. arXiv:astro-ph/0209127. Bibcode:2003ApJ...586..170P. doi:10.1086/344477.
Sergey E. Koposov; Vasily Belokurov; Gabriel Torrealba; N. Wyn Evans (). „Beasts of the Southern Wild. Discovery of a large number of Ultra Faint satellites in the vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds”. The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): 130. arXiv:1503.02079. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805..130K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/130.
Noyola, E.; Gebhardt, K.; Bergmann, M. (aprilie 2008). „Gemini and Hubble Space Telescope Evidence for an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in ω Centauri”. The Astrophysical Journal. 676 (2): 1008–1015. arXiv:0801.2782. Bibcode:2008ApJ...676.1008N. doi:10.1086/529002.
Pawlowski; et al. (). „Co-orbiting satellite galaxy structures are still in conflict with the distribution of primordial dwarf galaxies”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 442 (3): 2362–2380. arXiv:1406.1799. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.442.2362P. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1005.
Kafle, P.R.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G.F.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (). „Kinematics of the Stellar Halo and the Mass Distribution of the Milky Way Using Blue Horizontal Branch Stars”. The Astrophysical Journal. 761 (2): 17. arXiv:1210.7527. Bibcode:2012ApJ...761...98K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/98.
Kafle, P.R.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G.F.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (). „On the Shoulders of Giants: Properties of the Stellar Halo and the Milky Way Mass Distribution”. The Astrophysical Journal. 794 (1): 17. arXiv:1408.1787. Bibcode:2014ApJ...794...59K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/794/1/59.
Karachentsev, I. D.; Kashibadze, O. G. (). „Masses of the local group and of the M81 group estimated from distortions in the local velocity field”. Astrophysics. 49 (1): 3–18. Bibcode:2006Ap.....49....3K. doi:10.1007/s10511-006-0002-6.
Reid, M. J.; et al. (). „Trigonometric parallaxes of massive star-forming regions. VI. Galactic structure, fundamental parameters, and noncircular motions”. The Astrophysical Journal. 700 (1): 137–148. arXiv:0902.3913. Bibcode:2009ApJ...700..137R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/137.
Karachentsev, Igor D.; Karachentseva, Valentina E.; Huchtmeier, Walter K.; Makarov, Dmitry I. (). „A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies”. The Astronomical Journal. 127 (4): 2031–2068. Bibcode:2004AJ....127.2031K. doi:10.1086/382905.
Blaauw, A.; et al. (), „The new I. A. U. system of galactic coordinates (1958 revision)”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 121 (2): 123–131, Bibcode:1960MNRAS.121..123B, doi:10.1093/mnras/121.2.123
Vanhollebeke, E.; Groenewegen, M. A. T.; Girardi, L. (aprilie 2009). „Stellar populations in the Galactic bulge. Modelling the Galactic bulge with TRILEGAL”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (1): 95–107. arXiv:0903.0946. Bibcode:2009A&A...498...95V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20078472.
Ghez, A. M.; et al. (decembrie 2008). „Measuring distance and properties of the Milky Way's central supermassive black hole with stellar orbits”. The Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1044–1062. arXiv:0808.2870. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1044G. doi:10.1086/592738.
Wang, Q. D.; Nowak, M. A.; Markoff, S. B.; Baganoff, F. K.; Nayakshin, S.; Yuan, F.; Cuadra, J.; Davis, J.; Dexter, J.; Fabian, A. C.; Grosso, N.; Haggard, D.; Houck, J.; Ji, L.; Li, Z.; Neilsen, J.; Porquet, D.; Ripple, F.; Shcherbakov, R. V. (). „Dissecting X-ray-Emitting Gas Around the Center of Our Galaxy”. Science. 341 (6149): 981–983. arXiv:1307.5845. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..981W. doi:10.1126/science.1240755. PMID23990554.
Bhat, C. L.; Kifune, T.; Wolfendale, A. W. (). „A cosmic-ray explanation of the galactic ridge of cosmic X-rays”. Nature. 318 (6043): 267–269. Bibcode:1985Natur.318..267B. doi:10.1038/318267a0.
Carretti, E.; Crocker, R. M.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Haverkorn, M.; Purcell, C.; Gaensler, B. M.; Bernardi, G.; Kesteven, M. J.; Poppi, S. (). „Giant magnetized outflows from the centre of the Milky Way”. Nature. 493 (7430): 66–69. arXiv:1301.0512. Bibcode:2013Natur.493...66C. doi:10.1038/nature11734. PMID23282363.
Churchwell, E.; et al. (). „The Spitzer/GLIMPSE surveys: a new view of the Milky Way”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 121 (877): 213–230. Bibcode:2009PASP..121..213C. doi:10.1086/597811.
Taylor, J. H.; Cordes, J. M. (). „Pulsar distances and the galactic distribution of free electrons”. The Astrophysical Journal. 411: 674. Bibcode:1993ApJ...411..674T. doi:10.1086/172870.
McClure-Griffiths, N. M.; Dickey, J. M.; Gaensler, B. M.; Green, A. J. (). „A Distant Extended Spiral Arm in the Fourth Quadrant of the Milky Way”. The Astrophysical Journal. 607 (2): L127. arXiv:astro-ph/0404448. Bibcode:2004ApJ...607L.127M. doi:10.1086/422031.
Urquhart, J. S.; Figura, C. C.; Moore, T. J. T.; Hoare, M. G.; et al. (ianuarie 2014). „The RMS Survey: Galactic distribution of massive star formation”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (2): 1791–1807. arXiv:1310.4758. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437.1791U. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2006.
Hammer, F.; Puech, M.; Chemin, L.; Flores, H.; et al. (). „The Milky Way, an Exceptionally Quiet Galaxy: Implications for the Formation of Spiral Galaxies”. The Astrophysical Journal. 662 (1): 322–334. arXiv:astro-ph/0702585. Bibcode:2007ApJ...662..322H. doi:10.1086/516727.
Cowan, J. J.; Sneden, C.; Burles, S.; Ivans, I. I.; Beers, T. C.; Truran, J. W.; Lawler, J. E.; Primas, F.; Fuller, G. M.; et al. (). „The Chemical Composition and Age of the Metal‐poor Halo Star BD +17o3248”. The Astrophysical Journal. 572 (2): 861–879. arXiv:astro-ph/0202429. Bibcode:2002ApJ...572..861C. doi:10.1086/340347.
Kroupa, P.; Theis, C.; Boily, C. M. (octombrie 2004). „The great disk of Milky-Way satellites and cosmological sub-structures”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 431 (2): 517–521. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041122.
Putman, M. E.; Staveley‐Smith, L.; Freeman, K. C.; Gibson, B. K.; Barnes, D. G. (). „The Magellanic Stream, High‐Velocity Clouds, and the Sculptor Group”. The Astrophysical Journal. 586 (1): 170–194. arXiv:astro-ph/0209127. Bibcode:2003ApJ...586..170P. doi:10.1086/344477.
Sergey E. Koposov; Vasily Belokurov; Gabriel Torrealba; N. Wyn Evans (). „Beasts of the Southern Wild. Discovery of a large number of Ultra Faint satellites in the vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds”. The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): 130. arXiv:1503.02079. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805..130K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/130.
Noyola, E.; Gebhardt, K.; Bergmann, M. (aprilie 2008). „Gemini and Hubble Space Telescope Evidence for an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in ω Centauri”. The Astrophysical Journal. 676 (2): 1008–1015. arXiv:0801.2782. Bibcode:2008ApJ...676.1008N. doi:10.1086/529002.
Pawlowski; et al. (). „Co-orbiting satellite galaxy structures are still in conflict with the distribution of primordial dwarf galaxies”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 442 (3): 2362–2380. arXiv:1406.1799. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.442.2362P. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1005.
Karachentsev et al. give a blue absolute magnitude of −20.8. Combined with a color index of 0.55 estimated here, an absolute visual magnitude of −21.35 (−20.8 − 0.55 = −21.35) is obtained. Note that determining the absolute magnitude of the Milky Way is very difficult, because Earth is inside it.
Kafle, P.R.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G.F.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (). „Kinematics of the Stellar Halo and the Mass Distribution of the Milky Way Using Blue Horizontal Branch Stars”. The Astrophysical Journal. 761 (2): 17. arXiv:1210.7527. Bibcode:2012ApJ...761...98K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/98.
Kafle, P.R.; Sharma, S.; Lewis, G.F.; Bland-Hawthorn, J. (). „On the Shoulders of Giants: Properties of the Stellar Halo and the Milky Way Mass Distribution”. The Astrophysical Journal. 794 (1): 17. arXiv:1408.1787. Bibcode:2014ApJ...794...59K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/794/1/59.
Karachentsev, I. D.; Kashibadze, O. G. (). „Masses of the local group and of the M81 group estimated from distortions in the local velocity field”. Astrophysics. 49 (1): 3–18. Bibcode:2006Ap.....49....3K. doi:10.1007/s10511-006-0002-6.
Reid, M. J.; et al. (). „Trigonometric parallaxes of massive star-forming regions. VI. Galactic structure, fundamental parameters, and noncircular motions”. The Astrophysical Journal. 700 (1): 137–148. arXiv:0902.3913. Bibcode:2009ApJ...700..137R. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/137.
Licquia, Timothy; Newman, J. (). „Improved Constraints on the Total Stellar Mass, Color, and Luminosity of the Milky Way”. American Astronomical Society, AAS Meeting #221, #254.11. 221: 254.11. Bibcode:2013AAS...22125411L.
Karachentsev, Igor D.; Karachentseva, Valentina E.; Huchtmeier, Walter K.; Makarov, Dmitry I. (). „A Catalog of Neighboring Galaxies”. The Astronomical Journal. 127 (4): 2031–2068. Bibcode:2004AJ....127.2031K. doi:10.1086/382905.
Benjamin, R. A. (). Beuther, H.; Linz, H.; Henning, T., ed. The Spiral Structure of the Galaxy: Something Old, Something New.. Massive Star Formation: Observations Confront Theory. 387. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series. p. 375. Bibcode:2008ASPC..387..375B. See also Bryner, Jeanna ur (). „New Images: Milky Way Loses Two Arms”. Space.com. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în .
Blaauw, A.; et al. (), „The new I. A. U. system of galactic coordinates (1958 revision)”, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 121 (2): 123–131, Bibcode:1960MNRAS.121..123B, doi:10.1093/mnras/121.2.123
Vanhollebeke, E.; Groenewegen, M. A. T.; Girardi, L. (aprilie 2009). „Stellar populations in the Galactic bulge. Modelling the Galactic bulge with TRILEGAL”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 498 (1): 95–107. arXiv:0903.0946. Bibcode:2009A&A...498...95V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/20078472.
Majaess, D. (martie 2010). „Concerning the Distance to the Center of the Milky Way and Its Structure”. Acta Astronomica. 60 (1): 55. arXiv:1002.2743. Bibcode:2010AcA....60...55M.
Ghez, A. M.; et al. (decembrie 2008). „Measuring distance and properties of the Milky Way's central supermassive black hole with stellar orbits”. The Astrophysical Journal. 689 (2): 1044–1062. arXiv:0808.2870. Bibcode:2008ApJ...689.1044G. doi:10.1086/592738.
Wang, Q. D.; Nowak, M. A.; Markoff, S. B.; Baganoff, F. K.; Nayakshin, S.; Yuan, F.; Cuadra, J.; Davis, J.; Dexter, J.; Fabian, A. C.; Grosso, N.; Haggard, D.; Houck, J.; Ji, L.; Li, Z.; Neilsen, J.; Porquet, D.; Ripple, F.; Shcherbakov, R. V. (). „Dissecting X-ray-Emitting Gas Around the Center of Our Galaxy”. Science. 341 (6149): 981–983. arXiv:1307.5845. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..981W. doi:10.1126/science.1240755. PMID23990554.
Blandford, R. D. (). Origin and Evolution of Massive Black Holes in Galactic Nuclei. Galaxy Dynamics, proceedings of a conference held at Rutgers University, ASP Conference Series. 182. Rutgers University (publicat la august 1999). arXiv:astro-ph/9906025. Bibcode:1999ASPC..182...87B.
Bhat, C. L.; Kifune, T.; Wolfendale, A. W. (). „A cosmic-ray explanation of the galactic ridge of cosmic X-rays”. Nature. 318 (6043): 267–269. Bibcode:1985Natur.318..267B. doi:10.1038/318267a0.
Carretti, E.; Crocker, R. M.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Haverkorn, M.; Purcell, C.; Gaensler, B. M.; Bernardi, G.; Kesteven, M. J.; Poppi, S. (). „Giant magnetized outflows from the centre of the Milky Way”. Nature. 493 (7430): 66–69. arXiv:1301.0512. Bibcode:2013Natur.493...66C. doi:10.1038/nature11734. PMID23282363.
Churchwell, E.; et al. (). „The Spitzer/GLIMPSE surveys: a new view of the Milky Way”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 121 (877): 213–230. Bibcode:2009PASP..121..213C. doi:10.1086/597811.
Taylor, J. H.; Cordes, J. M. (). „Pulsar distances and the galactic distribution of free electrons”. The Astrophysical Journal. 411: 674. Bibcode:1993ApJ...411..674T. doi:10.1086/172870.
Majaess, D. J.; Turner, D. G.; Lane, D. J. (). „Searching Beyond the Obscuring Dust Between the Cygnus-Aquila Rifts for Cepheid Tracers of the Galaxy's Spiral Arms”. The Journal of the American Association of Variable Star Observers. 37 (2): 179. arXiv:0909.0897. Bibcode:2009JAVSO..37..179M.
McClure-Griffiths, N. M.; Dickey, J. M.; Gaensler, B. M.; Green, A. J. (). „A Distant Extended Spiral Arm in the Fourth Quadrant of the Milky Way”. The Astrophysical Journal. 607 (2): L127. arXiv:astro-ph/0404448. Bibcode:2004ApJ...607L.127M. doi:10.1086/422031.
Urquhart, J. S.; Figura, C. C.; Moore, T. J. T.; Hoare, M. G.; et al. (ianuarie 2014). „The RMS Survey: Galactic distribution of massive star formation”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 437 (2): 1791–1807. arXiv:1310.4758. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.437.1791U. doi:10.1093/mnras/stt2006.
Dauphole, B.; et al. (septembrie 1996). „The kinematics of globular clusters, apocentric distances and a halo metallicity gradient”. Astronomy and Astrophysics. 313: 119–128. Bibcode:1996A&A...313..119D.
Hammer, F.; Puech, M.; Chemin, L.; Flores, H.; et al. (). „The Milky Way, an Exceptionally Quiet Galaxy: Implications for the Formation of Spiral Galaxies”. The Astrophysical Journal. 662 (1): 322–334. arXiv:astro-ph/0702585. Bibcode:2007ApJ...662..322H. doi:10.1086/516727.
Licquia, T.; Newman, J.A.; Poole, G.B. (). „What Is The Color Of The Milky Way?”. American Astronomical Society. 219: 252.08. Bibcode:2012AAS...21925208L.
Cowan, J. J.; Sneden, C.; Burles, S.; Ivans, I. I.; Beers, T. C.; Truran, J. W.; Lawler, J. E.; Primas, F.; Fuller, G. M.; et al. (). „The Chemical Composition and Age of the Metal‐poor Halo Star BD +17o3248”. The Astrophysical Journal. 572 (2): 861–879. arXiv:astro-ph/0202429. Bibcode:2002ApJ...572..861C. doi:10.1086/340347.
Putman, M. E.; Staveley‐Smith, L.; Freeman, K. C.; Gibson, B. K.; Barnes, D. G. (). „The Magellanic Stream, High‐Velocity Clouds, and the Sculptor Group”. The Astrophysical Journal. 586 (1): 170–194. arXiv:astro-ph/0209127. Bibcode:2003ApJ...586..170P. doi:10.1086/344477.
Sergey E. Koposov; Vasily Belokurov; Gabriel Torrealba; N. Wyn Evans (). „Beasts of the Southern Wild. Discovery of a large number of Ultra Faint satellites in the vicinity of the Magellanic Clouds”. The Astrophysical Journal. 805 (2): 130. arXiv:1503.02079. Bibcode:2015ApJ...805..130K. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/805/2/130.
Noyola, E.; Gebhardt, K.; Bergmann, M. (aprilie 2008). „Gemini and Hubble Space Telescope Evidence for an Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in ω Centauri”. The Astrophysical Journal. 676 (2): 1008–1015. arXiv:0801.2782. Bibcode:2008ApJ...676.1008N. doi:10.1086/529002.
Pawlowski; et al. (). „Co-orbiting satellite galaxy structures are still in conflict with the distribution of primordial dwarf galaxies”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 442 (3): 2362–2380. arXiv:1406.1799. Bibcode:2014MNRAS.442.2362P. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1005.
Wang, Q. D.; Nowak, M. A.; Markoff, S. B.; Baganoff, F. K.; Nayakshin, S.; Yuan, F.; Cuadra, J.; Davis, J.; Dexter, J.; Fabian, A. C.; Grosso, N.; Haggard, D.; Houck, J.; Ji, L.; Li, Z.; Neilsen, J.; Porquet, D.; Ripple, F.; Shcherbakov, R. V. (). „Dissecting X-ray-Emitting Gas Around the Center of Our Galaxy”. Science. 341 (6149): 981–983. arXiv:1307.5845. Bibcode:2013Sci...341..981W. doi:10.1126/science.1240755. PMID23990554.
Carretti, E.; Crocker, R. M.; Staveley-Smith, L.; Haverkorn, M.; Purcell, C.; Gaensler, B. M.; Bernardi, G.; Kesteven, M. J.; Poppi, S. (). „Giant magnetized outflows from the centre of the Milky Way”. Nature. 493 (7430): 66–69. arXiv:1301.0512. Bibcode:2013Natur.493...66C. doi:10.1038/nature11734. PMID23282363.
Benjamin, R. A. (). Beuther, H.; Linz, H.; Henning, T., ed. The Spiral Structure of the Galaxy: Something Old, Something New.. Massive Star Formation: Observations Confront Theory. 387. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series. p. 375. Bibcode:2008ASPC..387..375B. See also Bryner, Jeanna ur (). „New Images: Milky Way Loses Two Arms”. Space.com. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în .
Benjamin, R. A. (). Beuther, H.; Linz, H.; Henning, T., ed. The Spiral Structure of the Galaxy: Something Old, Something New.. Massive Star Formation: Observations Confront Theory. 387. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series. p. 375. Bibcode:2008ASPC..387..375B. See also Bryner, Jeanna ur (). „New Images: Milky Way Loses Two Arms”. Space.com. Arhivat din original la . Accesat în .