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Regatul Israel (monarhie unită) (Romanian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Regatul Israel (monarhie unită)" in Romanian language version.

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  • Mazar, Amihai (). „Archaeology and the Biblical Narrative: The Case of the United Monarchy”. Archaeological and Biblical Perspectives. For conservative approaches defining the United Monarchy as a state "from Dan to Beer Sheba" including "conquered kingdoms" (Ammon, Moab, Edom) and "spheres of influence" in Geshur and Hamath cf. e.g. Ahlström (1993), 455–542; Meyers (1998); Lemaire (1999); Masters (2001); Stager (2003); Rainey (2006), 159–168; Kitchen (1997); Millard (1997; 2008). For a total denial of the historicity of the United Monarchy cf. e.g. Davies (1992), 67–68; others suggested a 'chiefdom' comprising a small region around Jerusalem, cf. Knauf (1997), 81–85; Niemann (1997), 252–299 and Finkelstein (1999). For a 'middle of the road' approach suggesting a United Monarchy of larger territorial scope though smaller than the biblical description cf.e.g. Miller (1997); Halpern (2001), 229–262; Liverani (2005), 92–101. The latter re-cently suggested a state comprising the territories of Judah and Ephraim during thetime of David, that was subsequently enlarged to include areas of northern Samaria and influence areas in the Galilee and Transjordan. Na'aman (1992; 1996) once accepted the basic biography of David as authentic and later rejected the United Monarchy as a state, cf. id. (2007), 401–402. 

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  • Lipschits, Oded (). „The history of Israel in the biblical period”. În Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi. The Jewish Study Bible (în engleză) (ed. 2nd). Oxford University Press. pp. 2107–2119. ISBN 978-0-19-997846-5. As this essay will show, however, the premonarchic period long ago became a literary description of the mythological roots, the early beginnings of the nation and the way to describe the right of Israel on its land. The archeological evidence also does not support the existence of a united monarchy under David and Solomon as described in the Bible, so the rubric of "united monarchy" is best abandoned, although it remains useful for discussing how the Bible views the Israelite past. [...] Although the kingdom of Judah is mentioned in some ancient inscriptions, they never suggest that it was part of a unit comprised of Israel and Judah. There are no extrabiblical indications of a united monarchy called "Israel." 
  • Maeir, Aren M. (). „Archeology and the Hebrew Bible”. În Berlin, Adele; Brettler, Marc Zvi. The Jewish Study Bible (în engleză) (ed. 2nd). Oxford University Press. p. 2125. ISBN 978-0-19-997846-5. Archeological evidence for the early stages of the monarchy is minimal at best. [...] In any case, the lack of substantive epigraphic materials from this early stage of the Iron Age II (after 1000 BCE), and other extensive archeological evidence, indicate that even if an early united monarchy existed, its level of political and bureaucratic complexity was not as developed as the biblical text suggests. The mention of the "House of David" in the Tel Dan inscription, which dates to the mid/late 9th c. BCE, does not prove the existence of an extensive Davidic kingdom in the early 10th c. BCE, but does indicate a Judean polity during the 9th c. that even then associated its origin with David. [...] Although there is archeological and historical evidence (from extra biblical documents) supporting various events of the monarchical period (esp. the later period) recorded in the Bible, there is little, if any evidence corroborating the biblical depiction of early Israelite or Judean history. 
  • Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher (). The Bible Unearthed: Archaeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of its Stories. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-684-86912-4. 
  • Kuhrt, Amélie (). The Ancient Near East, c. 3000-330 BC, Band 1. New York: Routledge. p. 438. ISBN 978-0-41516-762-8. 
  • Jones, Gwilym H. (). „1 and 2 Samuel”. În Barton, John; Muddiman, John. The Oxford Bible Commentary. Oxford University Press. pp. 197–199. ISBN 978-0-19875-500-5. 
  • Killebrew, Ann E. (). Aruz, Joan; Seymour, Michael, ed. Assyria to Iberia: Art and Culture in the Iron Age. Metropolitan Museum of Art. pp. 30–38. ISBN 978-1-58839-606-8. 
  • Cf. Kalimi, Isaac (). Writing and Rewriting the Story of Solomon in Ancient Israel. Cambridge University Press. pp. 47–48. ISBN 978-1-108-58837-9. 
  • Finkelstein, Israel; Silberman, Neil Asher (). David and Solomon: In Search of the Bible's Sacred Kings and the Roots of the Western Tradition. New York: Simon and Schuster. p. 20. ISBN 978-1-416-55688-6. 
  • Kitchen, Kenneth (). On the Reliability of the Old Testament. Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. p. 158. ISBN 978-0-80280-396-2. 
  • Stanley Jerome Isser (ianuarie 2003). The Sword of Goliath: David in Heroic Literature. BRILL. pp. 152–. ISBN 978-90-04-12737-1. 
  • Finkelstein, Israel; Mazar, Amihay (). The Quest for the Historical Israel. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-58983-277-0. 

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