Comer, D. E.; Gries, David; Mulder, Michael C.; Tucker, Allen; Turner, A. Joe; Young, Paul R. /Denning (1989-01-01). Computing as a discipline. Communications of the ACM. 32 (1): 9–23. doi:10.1145/63238.63239. ISSN0001-0782. S2CID723103.
Newell, Allen. Computer science as empirical inquiry: symbols and search / Allen Newell, Herbert A. Simon. — ACM, 1 January 2007. — P. 1975. — ISBN 9781450310499. — doi:10.1145/1283920.1283930.
Comer, D. E.; Gries, David; Mulder, Michael C.; Tucker, Allen; Turner, A. Joe; Young, Paul R. /Denning (1989-01-01). Computing as a discipline. Communications of the ACM. 32 (1): 9–23. doi:10.1145/63238.63239. ISSN0001-0782. S2CID723103.
Comer, D. E.; Gries, David; Mulder, Michael C.; Tucker, Allen; Turner, A. Joe; Young, Paul R. /Denning (1989-01-01). Computing as a discipline. Communications of the ACM. 32 (1): 9–23. doi:10.1145/63238.63239. ISSN0001-0782. S2CID723103.