Powell, Alexis; Barker, Keith; Lanyon, Scott (2008). "A complete species-level phylogeny of the grackles (Quiscalus spp.), including the extinct slender-billed grackle, inferred from mitochondrial DNA". The Condor. 718 (4): 718—728. doi:10.1525/cond.2008.8633. S2CID85992549.
Powell, Alexis; Barker, Keith; Lanyon, Scott (2008). "A complete species-level phylogeny of the grackles (Quiscalus spp.), including the extinct slender-billed grackle, inferred from mitochondrial DNA". The Condor. 718 (4): 718—728. doi:10.1525/cond.2008.8633. S2CID85992549.