Ukawa, M., Higuchi, M. and Mito, S. Spawning habits and early life history of a serranid fish, Epinephelus akaara (Temminck & Schlegel) // Japanese Journal of Ichthyology. — 1966. — Vol. 13, № 4—6. — P. 156—161. — doi:10.11369/jji1950.13.156.
Jong Youn Park, Jae Kwon Cho, Maeng Hyun Son, Kyong Min Kim, Kyeong Ho Han, and Jae Min Park. Artificial Spawning Behavior and Development of Eggs, Larvae and Juveniles of the Red Spotted Grouper, Epinephelus akaara in Korea (англ.) // Development and Reproduction. — 2016. — Vol. 20, no. 1. — P. 31—40. — doi:10.12717/DR.2016.20.1.031.