Nikolai Gogol — Edyta M. Bojanowska(англ.). www.hup.harvard.edu. — «The 1835 version celebrated the Cossacks as freedom-loving Ukrainians fighting for the preservation of their religion and customs that had come under assault from Catholic Poland. The word “Ukraine” (Ukraina) appears frequently (PSS 2, 283, 285, 299, 310, 311, 327, 344, 349); the concepts of a “nation” (natsiia) or a “Cossack nation” are also mentioned (PSS 2, 348, 349). The Ukraine of the 1835 Taras is contiguous with the Ukraine of Gogol’s historical writings whose echoes resound in the narrative: an entity that was a nation by virtue of its cultural specificity and unique historical experience. This changes in 1842. Though in the least reworked passages some references to Ukraine remain, Gogol’s overall strategy is to eliminate them and to identify the place of action as “Russia” (“eastern Russia” or “the original Russia”; PSS 2, 64, 46, 78) and the protagonists’ national identity as “Russian” or “southern Russian” (PSS 2, 41, 46, 47, 48, 65, 124, 133, 138–140). The Cossacks’ “physiognomy” remains unique, yet this no longer signals their national separateness. Gogol now presents this uniqueness as a peculiar stamp, a flourish that the Cossacks impart to a general Russian nature. The Cossacks come to express Russianness, which the text bounds, as I mentioned, to Orthodoxy and East Slavic ethnic ties that have historically united the Muscovites, the Ukrainians, and the Belorussians. Their heirs all form a nation of “brothers” (PSS 2, 65).19 The linguistic Ukrainianisms of the original tale were also Russified, possibly by Stepan Shevyrev, who edited the 1842 text for publication (PSS 2, 713–714).» Дата обращения: 18 июня 2022. Архивировано 18 июня 2022 года.
Nikolai Gogol — Edyta M. Bojanowska(англ.). www.hup.harvard.edu. — «The 1835 version celebrated the Cossacks as freedom-loving Ukrainians fighting for the preservation of their religion and customs that had come under assault from Catholic Poland. The word “Ukraine” (Ukraina) appears frequently (PSS 2, 283, 285, 299, 310, 311, 327, 344, 349); the concepts of a “nation” (natsiia) or a “Cossack nation” are also mentioned (PSS 2, 348, 349). The Ukraine of the 1835 Taras is contiguous with the Ukraine of Gogol’s historical writings whose echoes resound in the narrative: an entity that was a nation by virtue of its cultural specificity and unique historical experience. This changes in 1842. Though in the least reworked passages some references to Ukraine remain, Gogol’s overall strategy is to eliminate them and to identify the place of action as “Russia” (“eastern Russia” or “the original Russia”; PSS 2, 64, 46, 78) and the protagonists’ national identity as “Russian” or “southern Russian” (PSS 2, 41, 46, 47, 48, 65, 124, 133, 138–140). The Cossacks’ “physiognomy” remains unique, yet this no longer signals their national separateness. Gogol now presents this uniqueness as a peculiar stamp, a flourish that the Cossacks impart to a general Russian nature. The Cossacks come to express Russianness, which the text bounds, as I mentioned, to Orthodoxy and East Slavic ethnic ties that have historically united the Muscovites, the Ukrainians, and the Belorussians. Their heirs all form a nation of “brothers” (PSS 2, 65).19 The linguistic Ukrainianisms of the original tale were also Russified, possibly by Stepan Shevyrev, who edited the 1842 text for publication (PSS 2, 713–714).» Дата обращения: 18 июня 2022. Архивировано 18 июня 2022 года.
