Circular economy (Simple English Wikipedia)

Republic Services. "Republic Services Annual Report 2017" (PDF). annualreports.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 December 2018. Retrieved 30 March 2019.

archive.org (Global: 6^th place; Simple English: 3^rd place)

Kneese, Allen V. (1988). "The Economics of Natural Resources". Population and Development Review. 14: 281–309. doi:10.2307/2808100. JSTOR 2808100.

archives-ouvertes.fr (Global: 1,143^rd place; Simple English: 535^th place)

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Charpentier Poncelet, Alexandre; Helbig, Christoph; Loubet, Philippe; Beylot, Antoine; Muller, Stéphanie; Villeneuve, Jacques; Laratte, Bertrand; Thorenz, Andrea; Tuma, Axel; Sonnemann, Guido (19 May 2022). "Losses and lifetimes of metals in the economy" (PDF). Nature Sustainability. 5 (8): 717–726. Bibcode:2022NatSu...5..717C. doi:10.1038/s41893-022-00895-8. ISSN 2398-9629. S2CID 248894322.

automotiveworld.com (Global: low place; Simple English: 3,988^th place)

"Automakers Enter the Circular Economy". Archived from the original on 2025-10-12. Retrieved 2025-12-01.

bkv-gmbh.de (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

"Standardization in a Circular Economy – Closing the Loop" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

businessoffashion.com (Global: 4,660^th place; Simple English: 5,478^th place)

"In Copenhagen, Gearing up for a Circular Fashion System". The Business of Fashion. 2017-05-11. Retrieved 2018-10-30.
"Dame Ellen MacArthur on Building Momentum for Sustainability in Fashion". The Business of Fashion. 2018-01-11. Retrieved 2018-10-30.

cam.ac.uk (Global: 569^th place; Simple English: 437^th place)

repository.cam.ac.uk

Geissdoerfer, Martin; Savaget, Paulo; Bocken, Nancy M. P.; Hultink, Erik Jan (2017-02-01). [ "The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm?"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 143: 757–768. Bibcode:2017JCPro.143..757G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048. S2CID 157449142. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)

canarymedia.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

"Net zero no more: We are entering the era of honest electricity". Canary Media. 26 May 2021. Retrieved 2021-10-21.

circle-economy.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Blok, Kornelis; Hoogzaad, Jelmer; Ramkumar, Shyaam; Ridley, Shyaam; Srivastav, Preeti; Tan, Irina; Terlouw, Wouter; de Wit, Terlouw. "Implementing Circular Economy Globally Makes Paris Targets Achievable". Circle Economy. Circle Economy, Ecofys. Retrieved 20 April 2017.

copernicus.org (Global: 5,068^th place; Simple English: 7,531^st place)

essd.copernicus.org

Andrew, Robbie M. (2019-11-20). "Global CO₂ emissions from cement production, 1928–2018". Earth System Science Data. 11 (4): 1675–1710. Bibcode:2019ESSD...11.1675A. doi:10.5194/essd-11-1675-2019. ISSN 1866-3508. S2CID 116431097.

copip.eu (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Anyiego, Beldine (2022-08-15). [ "AFRICA: The Clean Oceans initiative will fund twice as many projects as expected?"]. COPIP. Retrieved 2023-02-23. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)^{[permanent dead link]}

crcpress.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Jackson, Tim (1993). Clean Production Strategies Developing Preventive Environmental Management in the Industrial Economy. CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-87371-884-4.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Simple English: 2^nd place)

Iacovidou, Eleni; Hahladakis, John N.; Purnell, Phil (2021). "A systems thinking approach to understanding the challenges of achieving the circular economy". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28 (19): 24785–24806. Bibcode:2021ESPR...2824785I. doi:10.1007/s11356-020-11725-9. PMC 8144154. PMID 33289042.
Kirchherr, Julian; Reike, Denise; Hekkert, Marko (2017). "Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 127: 221–232. Bibcode:2017RCR...127..221K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005.
Reuter, Markus A.; van Schaik, Antoinette; Gutzmer, Jens; Bartie, Neill; Abadías-Llamas, Alejandro (1 July 2019). "Challenges of the Circular Economy: A Material, Metallurgical, and Product Design Perspective". Annual Review of Materials Research. 49 (1): 253–274. Bibcode:2019AnRMS..49..253R. doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070218-010057. ISSN 1531-7331. S2CID 140525621.
Geissdoerfer, M., Pieroni, M.P., Pigosso, D.C. and Soufani, K. (2020). [ "Circular business models: A review"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 277 123741. Bibcode:2020JCPro.27723741G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123741. S2CID 225282542. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Tunn, V. S. C.; Bocken, N. M. P.; van den Hende, E. A.; Schoormans, J. P. L. (2019-03-01). [ "Business models for sustainable consumption in the circular economy: An expert study"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 212: 324–333. Bibcode:2019JCPro.212..324T. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.290. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 158627557. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Shpak, Nestor; Kuzmin, Oleh; Melnyk, Olga; Ruda, Mariana; Sroka, Włodzimierz (August 2020). "Implementation of a Circular Economy in Ukraine: The Context of European Integration". Resources. 9 (8): 96. Bibcode:2020Resou...9...96S. doi:10.3390/resources9080096. ISSN 2079-9276.
Calisto Friant, Martin; Vermeulen, Walter J. V.; Salomone, Roberta (2020-10-01). "A typology of circular economy discourses: Navigating the diverse visions of a contested paradigm". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 161 104917. Bibcode:2020RCR...16104917C. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104917. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 222121823.
Castro, Camila Gonçalves; Trevisan, Adriana Hofmann; Pigosso, Daniela C. A.; Mascarenhas, Janaina (2022-04-15). "The rebound effect of circular economy: Definitions, mechanisms and a research agenda". Journal of Cleaner Production. 345 131136. Bibcode:2022JCPro.34531136C. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131136. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 247150037.
Urbinati, Andrea; Chiaroni, Davide; Chiesa, Vittorio (2017-01-01). "Towards a new taxonomy of circular economy business models". Journal of Cleaner Production. 168: 487–498. Bibcode:2017JCPro.168..487U. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.047. hdl:11311/1087435. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 157679243.
Bocken, Nancy M. P.; de Pauw, Ingrid; Bakker, Conny; van der Grinten, Bram (2016-07-03). [ "Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy"]. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering. 33 (5): 308–320. doi:10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124. ISSN 2168-1015. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Manninen, Kaisa; Koskela, Sirkka; Antikainen, Riina; Bocken, Nancy; Dahlbo, Helena; Aminoff, Anna (January 2018). [ "Do circular economy business models capture intended environmental value propositions?"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 171: 413–422. Bibcode:2018JCPro.171..413M. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.10.003. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Lewandowski, Mateusz (2016-01-18). "Designing the Business Models for Circular Economy—Towards the Conceptual Framework". Sustainability. 8 (1): 43. Bibcode:2016Sust....8...43L. doi:10.3390/su8010043. ISSN 2071-1050.
Ferasso, Marcos; Beliaeva, Tatiana; Kraus, Sascha; Clauss, Thomas; Ribeiro-Soriano, Domingo (December 2020). [ "Circular economy business models: The state of research and avenues ahead"]. Business Strategy and the Environment. 29 (8): 3006–3024. Bibcode:2020BSEnv..29.3006F. doi:10.1002/bse.2554. ISSN 0964-4733. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Kirchherr, Julian; Reike, Denise; Hekkert, Marko (2017-12-01). "Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 127: 221–232. Bibcode:2017RCR...127..221K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005. ISSN 0921-3449.
Kirchherr, Julian; Yang, Nan-Hua Nadja; Schulze-Spüntrup, Frederik; Heerink, Maarten J.; Hartley, Kris (2023). "Conceptualizing the Circular Economy (Revisited): An Analysis of 221 Definitions". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 194 107001. Bibcode:2023RCR...19407001K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107001.
Ghisellini, Patrizia; Cialani, Catia; Ulgiati, Sergio (2016-02-15). [ "A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. Towards Post Fossil Carbon Societies: Regenerative and Preventative Eco-Industrial Development. 114: 11–32. Bibcode:2016JCPro.114...11G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007. ISSN 0959-6526. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Nobre, Gustavo Cattelan; Tavares, Elaine (2021-09-10). [ "The quest for a circular economy final definition: A scientific perspective"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 314 127973. Bibcode:2021JCPro.31427973N. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127973. ISSN 0959-6526. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
García-Barragán, Juan F.; Eyckmans, Johan; Rousseau, Sandra (March 2019). [ "Defining and Measuring the Circular Economy: A Mathematical Approach"]. Ecological Economics. 157: 369–372. Bibcode:2019EcoEc.157..369G. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.12.003. S2CID 158885640. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Brydges, Taylor (2021-04-15). "Closing the loop on take, make, waste: Investigating circular economy practices in the Swedish fashion industry". Journal of Cleaner Production. 293 126245. Bibcode:2021JCPro.29326245B. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126245. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 233577453.
Geissdoerfer, Martin; Savaget, Paulo; Bocken, Nancy M. P.; Hultink, Erik Jan (2017-02-01). [ "The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm?"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 143: 757–768. Bibcode:2017JCPro.143..757G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048. S2CID 157449142. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Invernizzi, Diletta Colette; Locatelli, Giorgio; Velenturf, Anne; Love, Peter ED.; Purnell, Phil; Brookes, Naomi J. (September 2020). "Developing policies for the end-of-life of energy infrastructure: Coming to terms with the challenges of decommissioning". Energy Policy. 144 111677. Bibcode:2020EnPol.144111677I. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111677. hdl:11311/1204791. S2CID 225307513. {{cite journal}}: Check |bibcode= length (help)
Morseletto, Piero (2020). "Restorative and regenerative: Exploring the concepts in the circular economy". Journal of Industrial Ecology. 24 (4): 763–773. Bibcode:2020JInEc..24..763M. doi:10.1111/jiec.12987. ISSN 1530-9290. S2CID 203500060.
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Prendeville, Sharon; Cherim, Emma; Bocken, Nancy (2018-11-01). "Circular cities: Mapping six cities in transition". Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. 26: 171–194. Bibcode:2018EIST...26..171P. doi:10.1016/j.eist.2017.03.002. ISSN 2210-4224. S2CID 157408918.
Wautelet, Thibaut (2018). [ "The Concept of Circular Economy: its Origins and its Evolution"]. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.17021.87523. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</f> An early, big effort to push ideas that are now called the circular economy was led by the [now Royal] Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce in the late 1800s. As written about by economic geographer Pierre Desrochers, people in the RSA argued that the desire to make a profit (the "profit motive"), long-distance trade, and certain people (like waste dealers and brokers) who are not common today all encouraged finding new ways to make money from leftover manufacturing materials ("residuals").<ref>Desrochers, Pierre (2025). "Lost Institutional Memory and Policy Advice: The Royal Society of Arts on the Circular Economy Through the Centuries". Recycling. 10 (2): 49. doi:10.3390/recycling10020049.
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Kneese, Allen V. (1988). "The Economics of Natural Resources". Population and Development Review. 14: 281–309. doi:10.2307/2808100. JSTOR 2808100.
Zhu, Junming; Fan, Chengming; Shi, Haijia; Shi, Lei (2019). "Efforts for a Circular Economy in China: A Comprehensive Review of Policies". Journal of Industrial Ecology. 23 (1): 110–118. Bibcode:2019JInEc..23..110Z. doi:10.1111/jiec.12754. ISSN 1530-9290. S2CID 158702257.
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Corvellec, Hervé; Stowell, Alison F.; Johansson, Nils (2021). "Critiques of the circular economy". Journal of Industrial Ecology. 26 (2): 421–432. Bibcode:2022JInEc..26..421C. doi:10.1111/jiec.13187. ISSN 1530-9290. S2CID 238087986.
Murray, Alan; Skene, Keith; Haynes, Kathryn (2015-05-22). "The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and Application in a Global Context". Journal of Business Ethics. 140 (3): 369–380. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2693-2. S2CID 41486703.
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Vaughan, Josephine; Illankoon, I. M. Chethana S.; Beard, Cameron; Sher, Willy; MacKee, Jamie (2024). "26 - Hazardous building materials threaten circular economy and sustainable outcomes". Sustainability and Toxicity of Building Materials. Woodhead Publishing. pp. 573–599. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-98336-5.00026-1. ISBN 978-0-323-98336-5.
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Su, Biwei; Heshmati, Almas; Geng, Yong; Yu, Xiaoman (2012). "A review of the circular economy in China: moving from rhetoric to implementation". Journal of Cleaner Production. 42: 215–227. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.11.020.
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Carter, Laura J.; Dennis, Sarah; Allen, Katie; McKenna, Patrick; Chen, Xiaohui; Daniell, Tim J.; Evans, Barbara; Guest, Jeremy S.; Guo, Hongyan; Kirk, Stuart; Zhu, Yong-Guan; Anik, Asif Reza; Zuhra, Naqshe; Banwart, Steven A. (2024-02-15). "Mitigating Contaminant-Driven Risks for the Safe Expansion of the Agricultural─Sanitation Circular Economy in an Urbanizing World". ACS ES&T Water. 4 (4): 1166–1176. Bibcode:2024ACSEW...4.1166C. doi:10.1021/acsestwater.3c00803. ISSN 2690-0637. PMC 11019536. PMID 38633372.
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ecologie.gouv.fr (Global: 832^nd place; Simple English: low place)

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elsevier.com (Global: 365^th place; Simple English: 362^nd place)

linkinghub.elsevier.com

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environmental-expert.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

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iclei.org (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

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iea.org (Global: 3,027^th place; Simple English: 2,559^th place)

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iisd.org (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

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katche.eu (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

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libsyn.com (Global: 5,285^th place; Simple English: 6,451^st place)

theglossypodcast.libsyn.com

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medium.com (Global: 651^st place; Simple English: 414^th place)

Riding the wave of change in the automotive industry with circular economy

mit.edu (Global: 476^th place; Simple English: 325^th place)

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ncl.ac.uk (Global: 5,403^rd place; Simple English: 2,811^th place)

eprint.ncl.ac.uk

Murray, Alan; Skene, Keith; Haynes, Kathryn (2015-05-22). "The Circular Economy: An Interdisciplinary Exploration of the Concept and Application in a Global Context". Journal of Business Ethics. 140 (3): 369–380. doi:10.1007/s10551-015-2693-2. S2CID 41486703.

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; Simple English: 5^th place)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Iacovidou, Eleni; Hahladakis, John N.; Purnell, Phil (2021). "A systems thinking approach to understanding the challenges of achieving the circular economy". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 28 (19): 24785–24806. Bibcode:2021ESPR...2824785I. doi:10.1007/s11356-020-11725-9. PMC 8144154. PMID 33289042.
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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

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Hanssen, Martin; Sörhammar, David; Tronvoll, Bård (2024). "Circularity work: Reorienting service ecosystems towards circularity". SMR – Journal of Service Management Research. 8 (3–4): 116–134. doi:10.5771/2511-8676-2024-3-4-116.

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rgdoi.net (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Wautelet, Thibaut (2018). [ "The Concept of Circular Economy: its Origins and its Evolution"]. doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.17021.87523. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)</f> An early, big effort to push ideas that are now called the circular economy was led by the [now Royal] Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce in the late 1800s. As written about by economic geographer Pierre Desrochers, people in the RSA argued that the desire to make a profit (the "profit motive"), long-distance trade, and certain people (like waste dealers and brokers) who are not common today all encouraged finding new ways to make money from leftover manufacturing materials ("residuals").<ref>Desrochers, Pierre (2025). "Lost Institutional Memory and Policy Advice: The Royal Society of Arts on the Circular Economy Through the Centuries". Recycling. 10 (2): 49. doi:10.3390/recycling10020049.

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rmit.edu.au (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Shooshtarian S, Wong PSP, Maqsood T (2025) 'Circular economy policies for the optimal use of recycled content in built environment'. Construction Waste Lab (CWL). RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. URL: https://www.rmit.edu.au/about/schools-colleges/property-construction-and-project-management/research/research-centres-and-groups/construction-waste-lab/circular-economy-policies

routledge.com (Global: 2,583^rd place; Simple English: 1,640^th place)

Jackson, Tim (1996). Material Concerns — Pollution, Profit and Quality of Life. Routledge.

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sciencedirect.com (Global: 137^th place; Simple English: 121^st place)

Tunn, V. S. C.; Bocken, N. M. P.; van den Hende, E. A.; Schoormans, J. P. L. (2019-03-01). [ "Business models for sustainable consumption in the circular economy: An expert study"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 212: 324–333. Bibcode:2019JCPro.212..324T. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.290. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 158627557. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
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Oo, Phyo Zaw; Prapaspongsa, Trakarn; Strezov, Vladimir; Huda, Nazmul; Oshita, Kazuyuki; Takaoka, Masaki; Ren, Jun; Halog, Anthony; Gheewala, Shabbir H. (2024-12-01). "The role of global waste management and circular economy towards carbon neutrality". Sustainable Production and Consumption. 52: 498–510. Bibcode:2024SusPC..52..498O. doi:10.1016/j.spc.2024.11.021. ISSN 2352-5509.

semanticscholar.org (Global: 15^th place; Simple English: 11^th place)

api.semanticscholar.org

Reuter, Markus A.; van Schaik, Antoinette; Gutzmer, Jens; Bartie, Neill; Abadías-Llamas, Alejandro (1 July 2019). "Challenges of the Circular Economy: A Material, Metallurgical, and Product Design Perspective". Annual Review of Materials Research. 49 (1): 253–274. Bibcode:2019AnRMS..49..253R. doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070218-010057. ISSN 1531-7331. S2CID 140525621.
Geissdoerfer, M., Pieroni, M.P., Pigosso, D.C. and Soufani, K. (2020). [ "Circular business models: A review"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 277 123741. Bibcode:2020JCPro.27723741G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123741. S2CID 225282542. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Tunn, V. S. C.; Bocken, N. M. P.; van den Hende, E. A.; Schoormans, J. P. L. (2019-03-01). [ "Business models for sustainable consumption in the circular economy: An expert study"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 212: 324–333. Bibcode:2019JCPro.212..324T. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.290. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 158627557. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Calisto Friant, Martin; Vermeulen, Walter J. V.; Salomone, Roberta (2020-10-01). "A typology of circular economy discourses: Navigating the diverse visions of a contested paradigm". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 161 104917. Bibcode:2020RCR...16104917C. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104917. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 222121823.
Castro, Camila Gonçalves; Trevisan, Adriana Hofmann; Pigosso, Daniela C. A.; Mascarenhas, Janaina (2022-04-15). "The rebound effect of circular economy: Definitions, mechanisms and a research agenda". Journal of Cleaner Production. 345 131136. Bibcode:2022JCPro.34531136C. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131136. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 247150037.
Urbinati, Andrea; Chiaroni, Davide; Chiesa, Vittorio (2017-01-01). "Towards a new taxonomy of circular economy business models". Journal of Cleaner Production. 168: 487–498. Bibcode:2017JCPro.168..487U. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.047. hdl:11311/1087435. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 157679243.
García-Barragán, Juan F.; Eyckmans, Johan; Rousseau, Sandra (March 2019). [ "Defining and Measuring the Circular Economy: A Mathematical Approach"]. Ecological Economics. 157: 369–372. Bibcode:2019EcoEc.157..369G. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.12.003. S2CID 158885640. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Brydges, Taylor (2021-04-15). "Closing the loop on take, make, waste: Investigating circular economy practices in the Swedish fashion industry". Journal of Cleaner Production. 293 126245. Bibcode:2021JCPro.29326245B. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126245. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 233577453.
Geissdoerfer, Martin; Savaget, Paulo; Bocken, Nancy M. P.; Hultink, Erik Jan (2017-02-01). [ "The Circular Economy – A new sustainability paradigm?"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 143: 757–768. Bibcode:2017JCPro.143..757G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.048. S2CID 157449142. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Invernizzi, Diletta Colette; Locatelli, Giorgio; Velenturf, Anne; Love, Peter ED.; Purnell, Phil; Brookes, Naomi J. (September 2020). "Developing policies for the end-of-life of energy infrastructure: Coming to terms with the challenges of decommissioning". Energy Policy. 144 111677. Bibcode:2020EnPol.144111677I. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111677. hdl:11311/1204791. S2CID 225307513. {{cite journal}}: Check |bibcode= length (help)
Morseletto, Piero (2020). "Restorative and regenerative: Exploring the concepts in the circular economy". Journal of Industrial Ecology. 24 (4): 763–773. Bibcode:2020JInEc..24..763M. doi:10.1111/jiec.12987. ISSN 1530-9290. S2CID 203500060.
Prendeville, Sharon; Cherim, Emma; Bocken, Nancy (2018-11-01). "Circular cities: Mapping six cities in transition". Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. 26: 171–194. Bibcode:2018EIST...26..171P. doi:10.1016/j.eist.2017.03.002. ISSN 2210-4224. S2CID 157408918.
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Casarejos, Fabricio; Bastos, Claudio R.; Rufin, Carlos; Frota, Mauricio N. (November 2018). "Rethinking packaging production and consumption vis-à-vis circular economy: A case study of compostable cassava starch-based material". Journal of Cleaner Production. 201: 1019–1028. Bibcode:2018JCPro.201.1019C. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.08.114. S2CID 158684066.
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Repp, Lars; Hekkert, Marko; Kirchherr, Julian (2021-08-01). "Circular economy-induced global employment shifts in apparel value chains: Job reduction in apparel production activities, job growth in reuse and recycling activities". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 171 105621. Bibcode:2021RCR...17105621R. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.105621. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 236242336.
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Kaipainen, Jenni; Urbinati, Andrea; Chiaroni, Davide; Aarikka-Stenroos, Leena (2022-10-12). "How companies innovate business models and supply chains for a circular economy: a multiple-case study and framework". International Journal of Innovation Management. 26 (9) 2240024. doi:10.1142/S1363919622400242. hdl:11311/1231117. ISSN 1363-9196. S2CID 252956518. Archived from the original on 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-11-30.
Babri, Maira; Corvellec, Hervé; Stål, Herman I. (2021-10-11). "Material affordances in circular products and business model development: for a relational understanding of human and material agency". Culture and Organization. 28 (1): 79–96. doi:10.1080/14759551.2021.1986506. ISSN 1475-9551. S2CID 240732205.
McDowall, Will; Geng, Yong; Huang, Beijia; Barteková, Eva; Bleischwitz, Raimund; Türkeli, Serdar; Kemp, René; Doménech, Teresa (June 2017). "Circular Economy Policies in China and Europe" (PDF). Journal of Industrial Ecology. 21 (3): 651–661. Bibcode:2017JInEc..21..651M. doi:10.1111/jiec.12597. S2CID 157819895.
Andrew, Robbie M. (2019-11-20). "Global CO₂ emissions from cement production, 1928–2018". Earth System Science Data. 11 (4): 1675–1710. Bibcode:2019ESSD...11.1675A. doi:10.5194/essd-11-1675-2019. ISSN 1866-3508. S2CID 116431097.
Ajayabi, Atta; Chen, Han-Mei; Zhou, Kan; Hopkinson, Peter; Wang, Yong; Lam, Dennis (2019-02-24). "REBUILD: Regenerative Buildings and Construction systems for a Circular Economy". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 225 (1) 012015. Bibcode:2019E&ES..225a2015A. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/225/1/012015. hdl:10871/36366. ISSN 1755-1315. S2CID 116431097.
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Bocken, Nancy M. P.; de Pauw, Ingrid; Bakker, Conny; van der Grinten, Bram (2016-07-03). "Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy". Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering. 33 (5): 308–320. doi:10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124. ISSN 2168-1015. S2CID 11754573.
Gallagher, John; Basu, Biswajit; Browne, Maria; Kenna, Alan; McCormack, Sarah; Pilla, Francesco; Styles, David (2019). "Adapting Stand-Alone Renewable Energy Technologies for the Circular Economy through Eco-Design and Recycling". Journal of Industrial Ecology. 23 (1): 133–140. Bibcode:2019JInEc..23..133G. doi:10.1111/jiec.12703. ISSN 1530-9290. S2CID 55267588.
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smartcompany.com.au (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

"Enosi raises $1.5 million for clean energy tech, as demand for renewables ramps up". SmartCompany. 2021-10-13. Retrieved 2021-10-21.

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; Simple English: 221^st place)

link.springer.com

Lienig, Jens; Bruemmer, Hans (2017). [ "Recycling Requirements and Design for Environmental Compliance"]. [ Fundamentals of Electronic Systems Design]. Springer. pp. 193–218. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-55840-0_7. ISBN 978-3-319-55839-4. {{cite book}}: Check |chapter-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)

tandfonline.com (Global: 286^th place; Simple English: 209^th place)

Bocken, Nancy M. P.; de Pauw, Ingrid; Bakker, Conny; van der Grinten, Bram (2016-07-03). [ "Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy"]. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering. 33 (5): 308–320. doi:10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124. ISSN 2168-1015. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Belekoukias, Ioannis; Garza-Reyes, Jose Arturo; Kumar, Vikas (2014-09-17). "The impact of lean methods and tools on the operational performance of manufacturing organisations". International Journal of Production Research. 52 (18): 5346–5366. doi:10.1080/00207543.2014.903348. hdl:10545/622279. ISSN 0020-7543. S2CID 53579492.

techxplore.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Davies, Matthew. "Solar panels: we need to recycle parts of them to use again and avoid a mountain of waste". techxplore.com. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
"Study quantifies metal supplies needed to reach EU's climate neutrality goal". K. U. Leuven. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
"New life cycle assessment study shows useful life of tech-critical metals to be short". University of Bayreuth. Retrieved 23 June 2022.

thecirculareconomy.org (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Towards the Circular Economy: Economic and Business Rationale for an Accelerated Transition (PDF) (Report). Ellen MacArthur Foundation. 2013. Retrieved 2020-05-15. And: Towards the Circular Economy: an economic and business rationale for an accelerated transition. Ellen MacArthur Foundation. 2012. p. 60. Archived from the original on 2013-01-10. Retrieved 2012-01-30.

theseus.fi (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

Medkova, Katerina; Fifield, Brett. "Circular Design - Design for Circular Economy" (PDF). Lahti Cleantech Annual Review 2016. Retrieved 29 May 2022.

thirdlight.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

emf.thirdlight.com

"Towards the Circular Economy Vol. 3: Accelerating the scale-up across global supply chains | Shared by Business". emf.thirdlight.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-06. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
"Global Snapshot | Shared by Learning". emf.thirdlight.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-07. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
"The circular economy in higher education | Shared by Learning". emf.thirdlight.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-06. Retrieved 2021-12-07.

tuni.fi (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

trepo.tuni.fi

Kaipainen, Jenni; Urbinati, Andrea; Chiaroni, Davide; Aarikka-Stenroos, Leena (2022-10-12). "How companies innovate business models and supply chains for a circular economy: a multiple-case study and framework". International Journal of Innovation Management. 26 (9) 2240024. doi:10.1142/S1363919622400242. hdl:11311/1231117. ISSN 1363-9196. S2CID 252956518. Archived from the original on 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-11-30.

ucl.ac.uk (Global: 1,187^th place; Simple English: 893^rd place)

discovery.ucl.ac.uk

McDowall, Will; Geng, Yong; Huang, Beijia; Barteková, Eva; Bleischwitz, Raimund; Türkeli, Serdar; Kemp, René; Doménech, Teresa (June 2017). "Circular Economy Policies in China and Europe" (PDF). Journal of Industrial Ecology. 21 (3): 651–661. Bibcode:2017JInEc..21..651M. doi:10.1111/jiec.12597. S2CID 157819895.

un-documents.net (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

"Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future - A/42/427 Annex - UN Documents: Gathering a body of global agreements". www.un-documents.net. Retrieved 2021-10-21.

unep.org (Global: 4,173^rd place; Simple English: 3,534^th place)

unep.org

"Historic day in the campaign to beat plastic pollution: Nations commit to develop a legally binding agreement". UN Environment Programme (UNEP). 2 March 2022. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
"Ministerial Meeting on Circular Economy". www.unep.org. Retrieved 2025-01-11.

wedocs.unep.org

"End plastic pollution: Towards an international legally binding instrument*" (PDF). United Nations Environmental Programm. 3 February 2022. Retrieved 13 March 2022.

unfccc.int (Global: 4,424^th place; Simple English: 3,846^th place)

unfccc.int https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Summary_Global_Climate_Action_at_COP_29.pdf. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-12-06. Retrieved 2025-01-11. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

victanis.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

The Circular Economy In The Automotive Sector: How Far Can We Introduce It?

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; Simple English: 1^st place)

[ "Circularity Indicators"]. www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org. Archived from [ the original] on 2019-07-31. Retrieved 2019-03-14. {{cite web}}: Check |archive-url= value (help); Check |url= value (help)
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unfccc.int https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/resource/Summary_Global_Climate_Action_at_COP_29.pdf. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-12-06. Retrieved 2025-01-11. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
"Ministerial Meeting on Circular Economy". 2024-11-16. Archived from the original on 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-11-30. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
"Standardization in a Circular Economy – Closing the Loop" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2023. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
Kaipainen, Jenni; Urbinati, Andrea; Chiaroni, Davide; Aarikka-Stenroos, Leena (2022-10-12). "How companies innovate business models and supply chains for a circular economy: a multiple-case study and framework". International Journal of Innovation Management. 26 (9) 2240024. doi:10.1142/S1363919622400242. hdl:11311/1231117. ISSN 1363-9196. S2CID 252956518. Archived from the original on 2025-01-22. Retrieved 2025-11-30.
The Glossy Podcast. (2018, May 30). Eileen Fisher on 34 years in sustainable fashion: "It's about constantly learning" [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from https://theglossypodcast.libsyn.com/ Archived 2018-10-31 at the Wayback Machine .
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wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; Simple English: 159^th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

Ferasso, Marcos; Beliaeva, Tatiana; Kraus, Sascha; Clauss, Thomas; Ribeiro-Soriano, Domingo (December 2020). [ "Circular economy business models: The state of research and avenues ahead"]. Business Strategy and the Environment. 29 (8): 3006–3024. Bibcode:2020BSEnv..29.3006F. doi:10.1002/bse.2554. ISSN 0964-4733. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)

worldcat.org (Global: 4^th place; Simple English: 6^th place)

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Reuter, Markus A.; van Schaik, Antoinette; Gutzmer, Jens; Bartie, Neill; Abadías-Llamas, Alejandro (1 July 2019). "Challenges of the Circular Economy: A Material, Metallurgical, and Product Design Perspective". Annual Review of Materials Research. 49 (1): 253–274. Bibcode:2019AnRMS..49..253R. doi:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070218-010057. ISSN 1531-7331. S2CID 140525621.
Tunn, V. S. C.; Bocken, N. M. P.; van den Hende, E. A.; Schoormans, J. P. L. (2019-03-01). [ "Business models for sustainable consumption in the circular economy: An expert study"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 212: 324–333. Bibcode:2019JCPro.212..324T. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.290. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 158627557. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Shpak, Nestor; Kuzmin, Oleh; Melnyk, Olga; Ruda, Mariana; Sroka, Włodzimierz (August 2020). "Implementation of a Circular Economy in Ukraine: The Context of European Integration". Resources. 9 (8): 96. Bibcode:2020Resou...9...96S. doi:10.3390/resources9080096. ISSN 2079-9276.
Calisto Friant, Martin; Vermeulen, Walter J. V.; Salomone, Roberta (2020-10-01). "A typology of circular economy discourses: Navigating the diverse visions of a contested paradigm". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 161 104917. Bibcode:2020RCR...16104917C. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104917. ISSN 0921-3449. S2CID 222121823.
Castro, Camila Gonçalves; Trevisan, Adriana Hofmann; Pigosso, Daniela C. A.; Mascarenhas, Janaina (2022-04-15). "The rebound effect of circular economy: Definitions, mechanisms and a research agenda". Journal of Cleaner Production. 345 131136. Bibcode:2022JCPro.34531136C. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.131136. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 247150037.
Urbinati, Andrea; Chiaroni, Davide; Chiesa, Vittorio (2017-01-01). "Towards a new taxonomy of circular economy business models". Journal of Cleaner Production. 168: 487–498. Bibcode:2017JCPro.168..487U. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.047. hdl:11311/1087435. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 157679243.
Bocken, Nancy M. P.; de Pauw, Ingrid; Bakker, Conny; van der Grinten, Bram (2016-07-03). [ "Product design and business model strategies for a circular economy"]. Journal of Industrial and Production Engineering. 33 (5): 308–320. doi:10.1080/21681015.2016.1172124. ISSN 2168-1015. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Lewandowski, Mateusz (2016-01-18). "Designing the Business Models for Circular Economy—Towards the Conceptual Framework". Sustainability. 8 (1): 43. Bibcode:2016Sust....8...43L. doi:10.3390/su8010043. ISSN 2071-1050.
Ferasso, Marcos; Beliaeva, Tatiana; Kraus, Sascha; Clauss, Thomas; Ribeiro-Soriano, Domingo (December 2020). [ "Circular economy business models: The state of research and avenues ahead"]. Business Strategy and the Environment. 29 (8): 3006–3024. Bibcode:2020BSEnv..29.3006F. doi:10.1002/bse.2554. ISSN 0964-4733. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Kirchherr, Julian; Reike, Denise; Hekkert, Marko (2017-12-01). "Conceptualizing the circular economy: An analysis of 114 definitions". Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 127: 221–232. Bibcode:2017RCR...127..221K. doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.09.005. ISSN 0921-3449.
Ghisellini, Patrizia; Cialani, Catia; Ulgiati, Sergio (2016-02-15). [ "A review on circular economy: the expected transition to a balanced interplay of environmental and economic systems"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. Towards Post Fossil Carbon Societies: Regenerative and Preventative Eco-Industrial Development. 114: 11–32. Bibcode:2016JCPro.114...11G. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.007. ISSN 0959-6526. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Nobre, Gustavo Cattelan; Tavares, Elaine (2021-09-10). [ "The quest for a circular economy final definition: A scientific perspective"]. Journal of Cleaner Production. 314 127973. Bibcode:2021JCPro.31427973N. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127973. ISSN 0959-6526. {{cite journal}}: Check |url= value (help)
Brydges, Taylor (2021-04-15). "Closing the loop on take, make, waste: Investigating circular economy practices in the Swedish fashion industry". Journal of Cleaner Production. 293 126245. Bibcode:2021JCPro.29326245B. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126245. ISSN 0959-6526. S2CID 233577453.
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