List of monarchs by time (Simple English Wikipedia)

Government of Sweden (19 September 1973). "Kungl Maj:ts kungörelse (1973:702)". Department of Justice. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2010.

abc.net.au

Agence France-Presse (20 November 2005). "Prince Albert's Monaco enthronement complete". ABC News Online. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

archive.org

Skya, Walter (2009). Japan's holy war: the ideology of radical Shintō ultranationalism. Duke University Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-8223-4423-0.
Political Risk Yearbook, 1998. Political Risk Services. 1998. p. 48. ISBN 978-1-85271-371-3.: "The two branches of the Al-Sabah family, the Jabers and the Salems, have traditionally alternated their rule, one providing the emir and the other the crown prince (also serving as prime minister)

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Staff writer (15 December 2006). "Bhutanese king steps down early". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
Laurenson, John (11 March 2006). "The most powerful man in Morocco". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
Staff writers (24 July 1999). "Mohammed VI takes Moroccan throne". BBC News. British Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 15 November 2011.

bbc.co.uk

"BBC – History – Historic Figures: Louis XIV (1638–1715)". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-04-12.

bbc.com

"Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah dies". BBC News. 23 January 2015. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
"Argentina's Jorge Mario Bergoglio elected Pope". BBC News. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
"Queen Elizabeth II has died, Buckingham Palace announces". BBC News. 2022-09-08. Retrieved 2022-09-08.
Waites, Rosie (2012-02-06). "The moment a princess became a queen". BBC News. Retrieved 2022-01-10.

belgium.be

"The Belgian Monarchy" (PDF). Government of Belgium, Chancellery of the Prime Minister. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.

books.google.com

Herb, Michael (1999). All in the family: absolutism, revolution, and democracy in the Middle East. New York: SUNY Press. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-7914-4168-8.
Spellman, W. M. (2001). Monarchies 1000–2000. London: Reaktion Books. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-1-86189-087-0.
Harris, Nathanial (2009). Systems of Government: Monarchy. London: Evans Brothers. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-237-53932-0.
Nyrop, Richard F (2008). Area Handbook for the Persian Gulf States. Wildside Press LLC. p. 341. ISBN 978-1-4344-6210-7.
Cordesman, Anthony H (2009). Saudi Arabia: national security in a troubled region. ABC-CLIO. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-313-38076-1. "In October 2006, King Abdullah issued a new succession law that amended the 1992 Basic Law and formalized the process by creating the Allegiance Commission. The new law both defines how a king will choose among possible candidates and provides a formal way for developing a consensus to choose the king's successor. The Allegiance Commission will select a king and crown prince upon the death or incapacitation of either. This commission expands the role of the ruling family in the selection process. ... It is composed of some 35 sons and grandsons of the late founder of the Kingdom, Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, who will vote in secret ballots on who could and could not be eligible to be future kings and crown princes."
Pharo, Lars Kirkhusmo (2013). The Ritual Practice of Time: Philosophy and Sociopolitics of Mesoamerican Calendars. Brill. p. 92. ISBN 9789004252363.
Looper, Matthew G. (2003). Lightning Warrior: Maya Art and Kingship at Quirigua. University of Texas Press. p. 211. ISBN 9780292705562.
Newsome, Elizabeth A. (2001). Trees of Paradise and Pillars of the World. University of Texas Press. p. 65. ISBN 9780292755727.

britannica.com

"Louis III". Encyclopaedia Britannica.
"Franz Joseph | emperor of Austria-Hungary". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2020-04-12.

britishmuseum.org

research.britishmuseum.org

"Term details". British Museum. Retrieved 2020-04-12.

cambodianembassy.org.uk

Government of Cambodia. "The Monarchy". Royal Embassy of Cambodia in the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2011.

casareal.es

The Royal Household of His Majesty the King. "His Majesty the King Juan Carlos". The Royal Household of His Majesty the King. Retrieved 3 June 2014.

collinsdictionary.com

"Monarch". CollinsDictionary.com. Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved 22 September 2012.
"Regent". CollinsDictionary.com. Collins English Dictionary – Complete & Unabridged 11th Edition. Retrieved 22 September 2012.

da.gov.kw

Government of Kuwait. "H.H. Amir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah". Diwan of the Almiri Court. Archived from the original on 8 March 2007. Retrieved 15 November 2011.

deutsche-biographie.de

"Ludwig der Deutsche". Neue Deutsche Biographie.

doi.org

Rubin, N.N. (28 July 2009). "The Swazi Law of Succession: A Restatement". Journal of African Law. 9 (2). Cambridge University Press: 90–113. doi:10.1017/S0021855300001108. S2CID 143385608.

emb-japan.go.jp

pk.emb-japan.go.jp

Embassy of Japan in Pakistan (7 December 2007). "National Day of Japan to be celebrated" (Press release). Government of Japan. Archived from the original on 3 January 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

fuerstenhaus.li

"Biographies of the Princes and Princesses". House of Liechtenstein.

gouvernement.lu

Government of Luxembourg. "Grand Duke Henri". Press and Information Service. Retrieved 11 November 2010.

govern.ad

"Recepció de Nadal del copríncep episcopal Joan-Enric Vives". Portal web del Govern d’Andorra (in Catalan). Government of Andorra. 23 December 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

kingabdullah.jo

Government of Jordan. "His Majesty King Abdullah II". Abdullah II Official Website. The Royal Hashemite Court. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

kinghussein.gov.jo

Government of Jordan. "The Hashemites: Introduction". Office of King Hussein I. The Royal Hashemite Court. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

kongehuset.dk

Government of Denmark. "Her Majesty The Queen of Denmark". The Danish Monarchy. Royal Court of Denmark. Archived from the original on 25 June 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

kongehuset.no

Government of Norway. "His Majesty King Harald". Official website of the Royal House of Norway. Royal Court of Norway. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

koninklijkhuis.nl

Government of the Netherlands. "Zijne Majesteit Koning Willem-Alexander" [His Majesty King Willem-Alexander]. The Dutch Royal House (in Dutch). Government Information Service. Retrieved 30 April 2013.

lesotho.gov.ls

Government of Lesotho. "His Majesty King Letsie III". The Lesotho Monarchy. Archived from the original on 26 June 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

liechtenstein.li

Government of Liechtenstein. "Prince Hans-Adam II". Portal of the Principality of Liechtenstein. Government Spokesperson’s Office. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
Image Liechtenstein. "The Principality of Liechtenstein" (PDF). Portal of the Principality of Liechtenstein. Retrieved 9 July 2011.

mahidol.ac.th

"The Illustrious Chakri Family". Mahidol University. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.

malaysianmonarchy.org.my

National Library of Malaysia. "Election of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong". Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
National Library of Malaysia. "Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIV". Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2011.

museums.gov.il

"K'inich Janaab' Pakal I (Great-Sun-Shield), King of Palenque, depicted on an incense burner". museums.gov.il. Archived from the original on 2022-12-31. Retrieved 2020-04-12.

nytimes.com

Crossette, Barbara (2016-10-13). "Bhumibol Adulyadej, 88, People's King of Thailand, Dies After 7-Decade Reign". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-04-12.

palaceoffice.gov.to

Government of Tonga. "Tu'i Kanokupolu". Palace Office. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

palais.mc

"Biography". Prince's Palace of Monaco. 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2011.

pmo.gov.bn

Government of Brunei. "Prime Minister". The Royal Ark. Office of the Prime Minister. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

pmo.gov.to

Government of Tonga (28 July 2008). "Geneology of King Tupou VI". Office of the Lord Chamberlain. Archived from the original on 24 August 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.

royal.gov.uk

Government of the United Kingdom. "The King of the Commonwealth". Official website of the British Monarchy. The Royal Household. Archived from the original on 25 October 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2010.

royal.uk

"Edward 'The Elder' (r. 899–924)". royal.gov.uk. 2016-01-12. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
"Her Majesty the Queen". The Royal Family. 29 December 2015. Retrieved 2022-02-06.

royalcourt.se

Government of Sweden. "H.M. King Carl XVI Gustaf". Sveriges Kungahus (in Swedish). Information and Press Department. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

royalhouse.org.ge

Commander of the Royal House of Georgia, The Royal House of Georgia.

royalhouseofgeorgia.ge

The Royal House of Georgia.

sachsen-coburg-gotha.de

Herzogliche Hauptverwaltung. "The House of Wettin". Das Herzogliche Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha. The Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha's Family Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.

sachsen.de

"Information in English language - Saxony during the Weimar Republic 1918-1933". www.sachsen.de. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2018.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Rubin, N.N. (28 July 2009). "The Swazi Law of Succession: A Restatement". Journal of African Law. 9 (2). Cambridge University Press: 90–113. doi:10.1017/S0021855300001108. S2CID 143385608.

sesotho.web.za

Olivier, J. "Basotho in Lesotho". Sesotho Online. Sesotho Online. Retrieved 7 December 2010.

theestimate.com

"The Kingdom of Bahrain: The Constitutional Changes". The Estimate. The International Estimate, Inc. 22 February 2002. Archived from the original on 3 October 2009. Retrieved 12 November 2011.

thelist.com

Cahn, Lauren (2022-07-08). "The Stunning Transformation Of Princess Leonor, The Future Queen Of Spain". TheList.com. Retrieved 2022-08-02.

thenationalnews.com

"President Sheikh Khalifa dies aged 73". The National. 13 May 2022. Retrieved 13 May 2022.

washingtonpost.com

Thafer, Dania (14 October 2021). "Qatar's first elected parliament may have more power than other Persian Gulf legislatures. Here's why". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2 April 2022.

web.archive.org

Government of the United Kingdom. "The King of the Commonwealth". Official website of the British Monarchy. The Royal Household. Archived from the original on 25 October 2016. Retrieved 12 April 2010.
"The Kingdom of Bahrain: The Constitutional Changes". The Estimate. The International Estimate, Inc. 22 February 2002. Archived from the original on 3 October 2009. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
"The Belgian Monarchy" (PDF). Government of Belgium, Chancellery of the Prime Minister. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 28 December 2012.
Herzogliche Hauptverwaltung. "The House of Wettin". Das Herzogliche Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha. The Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha's Family Foundation. Archived from the original on 14 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Government of Brunei. "Prime Minister". The Royal Ark. Office of the Prime Minister. Archived from the original on 7 October 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
Government of Cambodia. "The Monarchy". Royal Embassy of Cambodia in the United Kingdom. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
Government of Denmark. "Her Majesty The Queen of Denmark". The Danish Monarchy. Royal Court of Denmark. Archived from the original on 25 June 2010. Retrieved 12 April 2010.
Embassy of Japan in Pakistan (7 December 2007). "National Day of Japan to be celebrated" (Press release). Government of Japan. Archived from the original on 3 January 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
Government of Kuwait. "H.H. Amir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah". Diwan of the Almiri Court. Archived from the original on 8 March 2007. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
Government of Lesotho. "His Majesty King Letsie III". The Lesotho Monarchy. Archived from the original on 26 June 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
Government of Liechtenstein. "Prince Hans-Adam II". Portal of the Principality of Liechtenstein. Government Spokesperson’s Office. Archived from the original on 29 June 2009. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
National Library of Malaysia. "Election of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and Timbalan Yang di-Pertuan Agong". Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 4 December 2011.
National Library of Malaysia. "Yang di-Pertuan Agong XIV". Government of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 14 January 2012. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
"Biography". Prince's Palace of Monaco. 2011. Archived from the original on 15 November 2013. Retrieved 10 December 2011.
Government of Sweden. "H.M. King Carl XVI Gustaf". Sveriges Kungahus (in Swedish). Information and Press Department. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 7 December 2010.
Government of Sweden (19 September 1973). "Kungl Maj:ts kungörelse (1973:702)". Department of Justice. Archived from the original on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 12 June 2010.
"The Illustrious Chakri Family". Mahidol University. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
Government of Tonga (28 July 2008). "Geneology of King Tupou VI". Office of the Lord Chamberlain. Archived from the original on 24 August 2010. Retrieved 9 December 2010.
Government of Tonga. "Tu'i Kanokupolu". Palace Office. Archived from the original on 30 November 2011. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
"Information in English language - Saxony during the Weimar Republic 1918-1933". www.sachsen.de. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2018.
"Edward 'The Elder' (r. 899–924)". royal.gov.uk. 2016-01-12. Archived from the original on 25 January 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
"K'inich Janaab' Pakal I (Great-Sun-Shield), King of Palenque, depicted on an incense burner". museums.gov.il. Archived from the original on 2022-12-31. Retrieved 2020-04-12.

wikisource.org

simple.wikisource.org

worldcat.org

search.worldcat.org

Crossette, Barbara (2016-10-13). "Bhumibol Adulyadej, 88, People's King of Thailand, Dies After 7-Decade Reign". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-04-12.