Prostatitis (Simple English Wikipedia)

"Table:NIH Consensus Classification System for Prostatitis". MSD Manual Professional Edition. Data from Krieger JN, Nyberg L, Nickel JC: NIH consensus definition and classification of prostatitis. JAMA 282:236–237, 1999. Retrieved 2026-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

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ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Collins MM; et al. (1998). "How common is prostatitis? A national survey of physician visits". J Urol. 159 (4): 1123–1128. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(76)90357-9. PMID 7258.
R F Gittes and R M Nakamura (1996). "Female urethral syndrome. A female prostatitis?". West J Med. 164 (5): 435–438. PMC 1303542. PMID 8686301.
Schneider, H., Ludwig, M., Hossain, H. M., Diemer, T. & Weidner, W. (2003). "The 2001 Giessen Cohort Study on patients with prostatitis syndrome – an evaluation of inflammatory status and search for microorganisms 10 years after a first analysis". Andrologia. 35 (5): 88–93. doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1976.tb10238.x. PMID 5851.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Neurotensin mediates rat bladder mast cell degranulation triggered by acute psychological stress. Urology. 1999 May;53(5):1035-40 (Sant GR, Theoharides TC | display-authors = etal)
Schaeffer AJ (2003). "Editorial: Emerging concepts in the management of prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". J Urol. 169 (2): 241–247. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10226.x. PMID 4315.
Ciprofloxacin or tamsulosin in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind trial Ann Intern Med. 2004 Oct 19;141(8):581-9 (Alexander RB, Schaeffer AJ, Nickel JC, Pontari MA, McNaughton-Collins M, Shoskes DA | display-authors = etal)
Levofloxacin for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men: a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trial Urology. 2003 Oct;62(4):614-7 (Nickel JC, Downey J, Clark J, Casey RW)
Prostate Biopsy Culture Findings of Men With Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome do Not Differ From Those of Healthy Controls J Urol. 2003; 169(2):584-588 (Lee JC, Berger RE | display-authors = etal)
Nickel, JC; et al. (2005). "Pentosan polysulfate sodium therapy for men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a multicenter, randomized, placebo controlled study". J Urol. 173 (4): 23–28. doi:10.1007/BF01062907. PMID 8763. S2CID 19385903.
Habermacher GM, Chason JT, Schaeffer AJ. (2006). "Prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". Annu Rev Med. 57 (2): 338–343. doi:10.1016/0304-4165(76)90376-7. PMID 9145.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Ding XG, Li SW, Zheng XM, Hu LQ. (2006). "[IFN-gamma and TGF-beta1, levels in the expressed prostatic secretions of patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis]". Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 12 (11): 113–117. PMID 6921.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Leukocytes and bacteria in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome compared to asymptomatic controls J Urol. 2003 Sep;170(3):818-22 (Nickel JC, Alexander RB, Schaeffer AJ)
Leslie A Aaron; et al. (2001). "Comorbid Clinical Conditions in Chronic Fatigue, A Co-Twin Control Study". J Gen Intern Med. 16 (1): 24–31. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.03419.x. PMC 1495162. PMID 11251747.
Trigger Points and Relaxation in the Treatment of Prostatitis J Urol. 2005 Jul;174(1):155-60 (Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T, Chan C.)
Sexual Dysfunction in Men With Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome: Improvement After Trigger Point Release and Paradoxical Relaxation Training J Urol. 2006 Oct;176(4 Pt 1):1534-8; discussion 1538-9 (Anderson RU, Wise D, Sawyer T, Chan C.)
Cornel EB; et al. (2005). "The effect of biofeedback physical therapy in men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III". Eur Urol. 47 (5): 424–428. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1976.tb04647.x. PMID 6751. S2CID 29231568.
Giubilei G, Mondaini N, Minervini A, Saieva C, Lapini A, Serni S, Bartoletti R, Carini M. (2007). "Physical Activity of Men With Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Not Satisfied With Conventional Treatments-Could it Represent a Valid Option? The Physical Activity and Male Pelvic Pain Trial: A Double-Blind, Randomized Study". J Urol. 177 (1): 187–206. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(75)90580-1. PMID 2029.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"...tamsulosin did not substantially reduce symptoms in men with long-standing CP/CPPS who had at least moderate symptoms." Alexander RB, Propert KJ, Schaeffer AJ, Landis JR, Nickel JC, O'Leary MP, Pontari MA, McNaughton-Collins M, Shoskes DA, Comiter CV, Datta NS, Fowler JE Jr, Nadler RB, Zeitlin SI, Knauss JS, Wang Y, Kusek JW, Nyberg LM Jr, Litwin MS; Chronic Prostatitis Collaborative Research Network. (2004). "Ciprofloxacin or tamsulosin in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind trial". Ann Intern Med. 141 (8): 1322–1324. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-8-200410190-00005. PMID 2337. S2CID 31618279.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"...treatment duration should be long enough (more than 3 months)"Yang G; et al. (2006). "The effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". J Androl. 27 (6): 759–763. doi:10.1128/am.30.5.759-763.1975. PMC 187268. PMID 0951.
Shoskes, DA; et al. (1999). "Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Urology. 54 (6): 281–286. doi:10.1007/BF02544054. PMID 4689. S2CID 3996500.
Suzuki T; et al. (1992). "[Clinical effect of Cernilton in chronic prostatitis]". Hinyokika Kiyo. 38 (4): 343–346. PMID 9825.
Yan, H; et al. (2004). "[Efficacy of Prostat in the treatment of NIH category IIIA prostatitis]". Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 10 (12): 495–498. PMID 8027.
Elist J (2006). "Effects of pollen extract preparation Prostat/Poltit on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study". Urology. 67 (1): 125–127. doi:10.1016/s0300-9629(76)80082-5. PMID 3333.
Potts JM (2005). "Therapeutic options for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". Curr Urol Rep. 6 (4): 407–417. doi:10.3109/15563657608988139. PMID 8236.
"Several inflammatory and reactive alterations of sperm quality seem to be proven; nevertheless, the impact of these findings on male fertility remains in many cases unclear."Weidner W; et al. (1999). "Relevance of male accessory gland infection for subsequent fertility with special focus on prostatitis". Hum Reprod Update. 5 (5): 1–22. doi:10.1007/BF01868565. PMID 2781. S2CID 30297390.
"The ratio of free-to-total PSA is significantly different in PCa and NIH category IV prostatitis." Effect of NIH-IV prostatitis on free and free-to-total PSA Eur Urol. 2004 Dec;46(6):760-4. (Stancik I | display-authors = etal)

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Collins MM; et al. (1998). "How common is prostatitis? A national survey of physician visits". J Urol. 159 (4): 1123–1128. doi:10.1016/0006-2952(76)90357-9. PMID 7258.
R F Gittes and R M Nakamura (1996). "Female urethral syndrome. A female prostatitis?". West J Med. 164 (5): 435–438. PMC 1303542. PMID 8686301.
Schneider, H., Ludwig, M., Hossain, H. M., Diemer, T. & Weidner, W. (2003). "The 2001 Giessen Cohort Study on patients with prostatitis syndrome – an evaluation of inflammatory status and search for microorganisms 10 years after a first analysis". Andrologia. 35 (5): 88–93. doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1976.tb10238.x. PMID 5851.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Shoskes D, Hakim L, Ghoniem G, Jackson C (2003). "Long-term results of multimodal therapy for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". J Urol. 169 (4): 1406–10. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000055549.95490.3c. PMID 12629373.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Nickel J, Downey J, Feliciano A, Hennenfent B (1999). "Repetitive prostatic massage therapy for chronic refractory prostatitis: the Philippine experience". Tech Urol. 5 (3): 146–51. PMID 10527258.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Shoskes, D. A.; Zeitlin, S. I. (1999). "Use of prostatic massage in combination with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic prostatitis". Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2 (3): 159–162. doi:10.1038/sj.pcan.4500308. PMID 12496826. S2CID 24635506.
Sengoku A, Yamashita M, Umezu K (1990). "[A case of Fournier's gangrene: was it triggered by prostatic massage?]". Hinyokika Kiyo. 36 (9): 1097–100. PMID 2239620.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Ateya A, Fayez A, Hani R, Zohdy W, Gabbar M, Shamloul R (2006). "Evaluation of prostatic massage in treatment of chronic prostatitis". Urology. 67 (4): 674–8. doi:10.1016/j.urology.2005.10.021. PMID 16566972.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Schaeffer AJ (2003). "Editorial: Emerging concepts in the management of prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". J Urol. 169 (2): 241–247. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1976.tb10226.x. PMID 4315.
Nickel, JC; et al. (2005). "Pentosan polysulfate sodium therapy for men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a multicenter, randomized, placebo controlled study". J Urol. 173 (4): 23–28. doi:10.1007/BF01062907. PMID 8763. S2CID 19385903.
Habermacher GM, Chason JT, Schaeffer AJ. (2006). "Prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". Annu Rev Med. 57 (2): 338–343. doi:10.1016/0304-4165(76)90376-7. PMID 9145.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Ding XG, Li SW, Zheng XM, Hu LQ. (2006). "[IFN-gamma and TGF-beta1, levels in the expressed prostatic secretions of patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis]". Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 12 (11): 113–117. PMID 6921.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Leslie A Aaron; et al. (2001). "Comorbid Clinical Conditions in Chronic Fatigue, A Co-Twin Control Study". J Gen Intern Med. 16 (1): 24–31. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2001.03419.x. PMC 1495162. PMID 11251747.
Cornel EB; et al. (2005). "The effect of biofeedback physical therapy in men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III". Eur Urol. 47 (5): 424–428. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1976.tb04647.x. PMID 6751. S2CID 29231568.
Giubilei G, Mondaini N, Minervini A, Saieva C, Lapini A, Serni S, Bartoletti R, Carini M. (2007). "Physical Activity of Men With Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Not Satisfied With Conventional Treatments-Could it Represent a Valid Option? The Physical Activity and Male Pelvic Pain Trial: A Double-Blind, Randomized Study". J Urol. 177 (1): 187–206. doi:10.1016/0003-2697(75)90580-1. PMID 2029.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"...tamsulosin did not substantially reduce symptoms in men with long-standing CP/CPPS who had at least moderate symptoms." Alexander RB, Propert KJ, Schaeffer AJ, Landis JR, Nickel JC, O'Leary MP, Pontari MA, McNaughton-Collins M, Shoskes DA, Comiter CV, Datta NS, Fowler JE Jr, Nadler RB, Zeitlin SI, Knauss JS, Wang Y, Kusek JW, Nyberg LM Jr, Litwin MS; Chronic Prostatitis Collaborative Research Network. (2004). "Ciprofloxacin or tamsulosin in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind trial". Ann Intern Med. 141 (8): 1322–1324. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-8-200410190-00005. PMID 2337. S2CID 31618279.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
"...treatment duration should be long enough (more than 3 months)"Yang G; et al. (2006). "The effect of alpha-adrenergic antagonists in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials". J Androl. 27 (6): 759–763. doi:10.1128/am.30.5.759-763.1975. PMC 187268. PMID 0951.
Shoskes, DA; et al. (1999). "Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Urology. 54 (6): 281–286. doi:10.1007/BF02544054. PMID 4689. S2CID 3996500.
Suzuki T; et al. (1992). "[Clinical effect of Cernilton in chronic prostatitis]". Hinyokika Kiyo. 38 (4): 343–346. PMID 9825.
Yan, H; et al. (2004). "[Efficacy of Prostat in the treatment of NIH category IIIA prostatitis]". Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 10 (12): 495–498. PMID 8027.
Elist J (2006). "Effects of pollen extract preparation Prostat/Poltit on lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with chronic nonbacterial prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study". Urology. 67 (1): 125–127. doi:10.1016/s0300-9629(76)80082-5. PMID 3333.
Potts JM (2005). "Therapeutic options for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". Curr Urol Rep. 6 (4): 407–417. doi:10.3109/15563657608988139. PMID 8236.
"Several inflammatory and reactive alterations of sperm quality seem to be proven; nevertheless, the impact of these findings on male fertility remains in many cases unclear."Weidner W; et al. (1999). "Relevance of male accessory gland infection for subsequent fertility with special focus on prostatitis". Hum Reprod Update. 5 (5): 1–22. doi:10.1007/BF01868565. PMID 2781. S2CID 30297390.

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"MeSH Browser". meshb.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2026-04-01.

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Shoskes, D. A.; Zeitlin, S. I. (1999). "Use of prostatic massage in combination with antibiotics in the treatment of chronic prostatitis". Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2 (3): 159–162. doi:10.1038/sj.pcan.4500308. PMID 12496826. S2CID 24635506.
Nickel, JC; et al. (2005). "Pentosan polysulfate sodium therapy for men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a multicenter, randomized, placebo controlled study". J Urol. 173 (4): 23–28. doi:10.1007/BF01062907. PMID 8763. S2CID 19385903.
Cornel EB; et al. (2005). "The effect of biofeedback physical therapy in men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III". Eur Urol. 47 (5): 424–428. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1976.tb04647.x. PMID 6751. S2CID 29231568.
"...tamsulosin did not substantially reduce symptoms in men with long-standing CP/CPPS who had at least moderate symptoms." Alexander RB, Propert KJ, Schaeffer AJ, Landis JR, Nickel JC, O'Leary MP, Pontari MA, McNaughton-Collins M, Shoskes DA, Comiter CV, Datta NS, Fowler JE Jr, Nadler RB, Zeitlin SI, Knauss JS, Wang Y, Kusek JW, Nyberg LM Jr, Litwin MS; Chronic Prostatitis Collaborative Research Network. (2004). "Ciprofloxacin or tamsulosin in men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind trial". Ann Intern Med. 141 (8): 1322–1324. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-141-8-200410190-00005. PMID 2337. S2CID 31618279.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
Shoskes, DA; et al. (1999). "Quercetin in men with category III chronic prostatitis: a preliminary prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial". Urology. 54 (6): 281–286. doi:10.1007/BF02544054. PMID 4689. S2CID 3996500.
"Several inflammatory and reactive alterations of sperm quality seem to be proven; nevertheless, the impact of these findings on male fertility remains in many cases unclear."Weidner W; et al. (1999). "Relevance of male accessory gland infection for subsequent fertility with special focus on prostatitis". Hum Reprod Update. 5 (5): 1–22. doi:10.1007/BF01868565. PMID 2781. S2CID 30297390.

urologytimes.com (Global: low place; Simple English: low place)

"New bacteria strains found in prostatitis patients". 2001. Archived from the original (html) on 2002-11-28. Retrieved 2006-12-09.

web.archive.org (Global: 1^st place; Simple English: 1^st place)

"AUA Meeting 2001". 2001. Archived from the original (html) on 2007-01-08. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
"New bacteria strains found in prostatitis patients". 2001. Archived from the original (html) on 2002-11-28. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
"The Stanford Protocol". 2005. Archived from the original (html) on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2006-12-09.
"Pharmacological treatment options for prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". 2006. Archived from the original (html) on 2006-10-18. Retrieved 2006-12-11.

Prostatitis (Simple English Wikipedia)

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