Bloom, David E.; Canning, David; Fink, Günther; Finlay, Jocelyn E. (2009-06-01). „Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend”. Journal of Economic Growth (на језику: енглески). 14 (2): 79—101. ISSN1573-7020. doi:10.1007/s10887-009-9039-9.
Joseph J Bish, "Population growth in Africa: grasping the scale of the challenge"Архивирано 30 новембар 2016 на сајту Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 11 January 2016. "African fertility has not fallen as expected. Precipitous declines in fertility in Asia and Latin America, from five children per woman in the 1970s to around 2.5 today, led many to believe Africa would follow a similar course. [...] Unfortunately, since the early 1990s, family planning programmes in Africa have not had the same attention [as in other parts of the world], resulting in slow, sometimes negligible, fertility declines. In a handful of countries, previous declines have stalled altogether and are reversing. [...] A few heroic efforts, such as Family Planning 2020, are attempting to stimulate family planning programmes across the continent, and there are some signs of success. Recent figures from Kenya and Zambia show substantial strengthening of contraceptive use among married women. In Kenya, 58% of married women now use modern contraception, and in Zambia this measure has risen from 33% to 45% in the last three years. In both cases, the catalysts for improvements were government commitment and commensurate budget financing. The virtuous circle may not be completely out of reach, but many more African governments must make haste and make substantial investments in contraceptive information and access for their people."
Joseph J Bish, "Population growth in Africa: grasping the scale of the challenge"Архивирано 30 новембар 2016 на сајту Wayback Machine, The Guardian, 11 January 2016. "African fertility has not fallen as expected. Precipitous declines in fertility in Asia and Latin America, from five children per woman in the 1970s to around 2.5 today, led many to believe Africa would follow a similar course. [...] Unfortunately, since the early 1990s, family planning programmes in Africa have not had the same attention [as in other parts of the world], resulting in slow, sometimes negligible, fertility declines. In a handful of countries, previous declines have stalled altogether and are reversing. [...] A few heroic efforts, such as Family Planning 2020, are attempting to stimulate family planning programmes across the continent, and there are some signs of success. Recent figures from Kenya and Zambia show substantial strengthening of contraceptive use among married women. In Kenya, 58% of married women now use modern contraception, and in Zambia this measure has risen from 33% to 45% in the last three years. In both cases, the catalysts for improvements were government commitment and commensurate budget financing. The virtuous circle may not be completely out of reach, but many more African governments must make haste and make substantial investments in contraceptive information and access for their people."
„Africa”. UNESCO. 2005. Архивирано из оригинала 02. 06. 2008. г. Приступљено 1. 3. 2009.
Bloom, David E.; Canning, David; Fink, Günther; Finlay, Jocelyn E. (2009-06-01). „Fertility, female labor force participation, and the demographic dividend”. Journal of Economic Growth (на језику: енглески). 14 (2): 79—101. ISSN1573-7020. doi:10.1007/s10887-009-9039-9.