John Hickman (2002). „What is a Prisoner of War For”. Scientia Militaria. 36 (2). Приступљено 14. 9. 2015.CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза)
etymonline.com
Compare Harper, Douglas. „camouflage”. Online Etymology Dictionary. Приступљено 2017-10-28. – "Captives taken in war have been called prisoners since mid-14c.; phrase prisoner of war dates from 1630s".
liv.ac.uk
repository.liv.ac.uk
Wickham, Jason (2014) The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans up to 146 BC, University of Liverpool PhD Dissertation. „Archived copy”(PDF). Архивирано из оригинала(PDF) 24. 5. 2015. г. Приступљено 2015-05-24.CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза) Wickham 2014 notes that for Roman warfare the outcome of capture could lead to release, ransom, execution or enslavement.
"The Roman Gladiator", The University of Chicago – "Originally, captured soldiers had been made to fight with their own weapons and in their particular style of combat. It was from these conscripted prisoners of war that the gladiators acquired their exotic appearance, a distinction being made between the weapons imagined to be used by defeated enemies and those of their Roman conquerors. The Samnites (a tribe from Campania which the Romans had fought in the fourth and third centuries BC) were the prototype for Rome's professional gladiators, and it was their equipment that first was used and later adopted for the arena. [...] Two other gladiatorial categories also took their name from defeated tribes, the Galli (Gauls) and Thraeces (Thracians)."
web.archive.org
Wickham, Jason (2014) The Enslavement of War Captives by the Romans up to 146 BC, University of Liverpool PhD Dissertation. „Archived copy”(PDF). Архивирано из оригинала(PDF) 24. 5. 2015. г. Приступљено 2015-05-24.CS1 одржавање: Формат датума (веза) Wickham 2014 notes that for Roman warfare the outcome of capture could lead to release, ransom, execution or enslavement.