Hewsen, Robert H. (2000). „Van in This World; Paradise in the Next: The Historical Geography of Van/Vaspurakan”. Ур.: Hovannisian, Richard G. Armenian Van/Vaspurakan (на језику: енглески). Mazda Publishers. стр. 28. ISBN978-1-56859-130-8. Приступљено 26. 4. 2022.
Armenian Claims and Historical Facts: Questions and Answers(PDF) (на језику: енглески). Center for Strategic Research. 2005. стр. 44. Приступљено 24. 4. 2022. „The Armenian community in Istanbul has 18 schools, 17 cultural and social organizations, three daily newspapers, five periodicals, two sports clubs, 57 churches, 58 foundations and two hospitals.”