ஆர்க்கீயா (Tamil Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "ஆர்க்கீயா" in Tamil language version.

refsWebsite

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13doi.org

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11nih.gov

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9harvard.edu

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4pubmedcentral.gov

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131^st place

2excite.com

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2pnas.org

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1web.archive.org

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1usgs.gov

167^th place

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1archive.org

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1americanscientist.org

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1arstechnica.com

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1nature.com

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1liebertpub.com

low place

1worldcat.org

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1royalsoc.ac.uk

low place

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1wikipedia.org

low place

americanscientist.org

Christian de Duve (October 1995). "The Beginnings of Life on Earth". American Scientist. http://www.americanscientist.org/issues/pub/the-beginnings-of-life-on-earth/1. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 January 2014.

archive.org

Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 47 (3): 370–382. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. Bibcode: 1980E&PSL..47..370M. https://archive.org/details/sim_earth-and-planetary-science-letters_1980-05_47_3/page/370.

arstechnica.com

Timmer, John (4 September 2012). "3.5 billion year old organic deposits show signs of life". Ars Technica. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 15 January 2014.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". Special Publications, Geological Society of London 190 (1): 205–221. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.190.01.14. Bibcode: 2001GSLSP.190..205D.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 47 (3): 370–382. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. Bibcode: 1980E&PSL..47..370M. https://archive.org/details/sim_earth-and-planetary-science-letters_1980-05_47_3/page/370.
Yoko Ohtomo; Takeshi Kakegawa; Akizumi Ishida; Toshiro Nagase; Minik T. Rosing (8 December 2013). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience (Nature Geoscience) 7: 25. doi:10.1038/ngeo2025. Bibcode: 2014NatGe...7...25O. http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo2025.html. பார்த்த நாள்: 9 Dec 2013.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology (journal) 13 (12): 1103–24. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பப்மெட்:24205812. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:3870916. Bibcode: 2013AsBio..13.1103N. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 November 2013.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences) 112 (47): 14518–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:1091-6490. பப்மெட்:26483481. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:4664351. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..11214518B. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/10/14/1517557112.full.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.
Schopf J (2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 361 (1470): 869–85. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. பப்மெட்:16754604. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:1578735. http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/content/g38537726r273422/fulltext.pdf. ^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}
Chappe B; Albrecht P; Michaelis W (July 1982). "Polar Lipids of Archaebacteria in Sediments and Petroleums". Science 217 (4554): 65–66. doi:10.1126/science.217.4554.65. பப்மெட்:17739984. Bibcode: 1982Sci...217...65C.
Brocks JJ; Logan GA; Buick R; Summons RE (1999). "Archean molecular fossils and the early rise of eukaryotes". Science 285 (5430): 1033–6. doi:10.1126/science.285.5430.1033. பப்மெட்:10446042.
Rasmussen B; Fletcher IR; Brocks JJ; Kilburn MR (October 2008). "Reassessing the first appearance of eukaryotes and cyanobacteria". Nature 455 (7216): 1101–4. doi:10.1038/nature07381. பப்மெட்:18948954. Bibcode: 2008Natur.455.1101R.
Hahn, Jürgen; Pat Haug (1986). "Traces of Archaebacteria in ancient sediments". System Applied Microbiology 7 (Archaebacteria '85 Proceedings): 178–83. doi:10.1016/S0723-2020(86)80002-9.
Wang M; Yafremava LS; Caetano-Anollés D; Mittenthal JE; Caetano-Anollés G (2007). "Reductive evolution of architectural repertoires in proteomes and the birth of the tripartite world". Genome Res. 17 (11): 1572–85. doi:10.1101/gr.6454307. பப்மெட்:17908824.
Woese CR; Gupta R (1981). "Are archaebacteria merely derived 'prokaryotes'?". Nature 289 (5793): 95–6. doi:10.1038/289095a0. பப்மெட்:6161309. Bibcode: 1981Natur.289...95W.
Woese C (1998). "The universal ancestor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (12): 6854–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6854. பப்மெட்:9618502. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:22660. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.6854W. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9618502.

excite.com

apnews.excite.com

Borenstein, Seth (13 November 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". Associated Press. http://apnews.excite.com/article/20131113/DAA1VSC01.html. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 November 2013.
Borenstein, Seth (19 October 2015). "Hints of life on what was thought to be desolate early Earth". Excite. Associated Press (Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network). http://apnews.excite.com/article/20151019/us-sci--earliest_life-a400435d0d.html. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.

harvard.edu

adsabs.harvard.edu

Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". Special Publications, Geological Society of London 190 (1): 205–221. doi:10.1144/GSL.SP.2001.190.01.14. Bibcode: 2001GSLSP.190..205D.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters 47 (3): 370–382. doi:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. Bibcode: 1980E&PSL..47..370M. https://archive.org/details/sim_earth-and-planetary-science-letters_1980-05_47_3/page/370.
Yoko Ohtomo; Takeshi Kakegawa; Akizumi Ishida; Toshiro Nagase; Minik T. Rosing (8 December 2013). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience (Nature Geoscience) 7: 25. doi:10.1038/ngeo2025. Bibcode: 2014NatGe...7...25O. http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo2025.html. பார்த்த நாள்: 9 Dec 2013.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology (journal) 13 (12): 1103–24. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பப்மெட்:24205812. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:3870916. Bibcode: 2013AsBio..13.1103N. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 November 2013.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences) 112 (47): 14518–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:1091-6490. பப்மெட்:26483481. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:4664351. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..11214518B. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/10/14/1517557112.full.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.
Chappe B; Albrecht P; Michaelis W (July 1982). "Polar Lipids of Archaebacteria in Sediments and Petroleums". Science 217 (4554): 65–66. doi:10.1126/science.217.4554.65. பப்மெட்:17739984. Bibcode: 1982Sci...217...65C.
Rasmussen B; Fletcher IR; Brocks JJ; Kilburn MR (October 2008). "Reassessing the first appearance of eukaryotes and cyanobacteria". Nature 455 (7216): 1101–4. doi:10.1038/nature07381. பப்மெட்:18948954. Bibcode: 2008Natur.455.1101R.
Woese CR; Gupta R (1981). "Are archaebacteria merely derived 'prokaryotes'?". Nature 289 (5793): 95–6. doi:10.1038/289095a0. பப்மெட்:6161309. Bibcode: 1981Natur.289...95W.
Woese C (1998). "The universal ancestor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (12): 6854–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6854. பப்மெட்:9618502. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:22660. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.6854W. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9618502.

liebertpub.com

online.liebertpub.com

Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology (journal) 13 (12): 1103–24. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பப்மெட்:24205812. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:3870916. Bibcode: 2013AsBio..13.1103N. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 November 2013.

nature.com

Yoko Ohtomo; Takeshi Kakegawa; Akizumi Ishida; Toshiro Nagase; Minik T. Rosing (8 December 2013). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience (Nature Geoscience) 7: 25. doi:10.1038/ngeo2025. Bibcode: 2014NatGe...7...25O. http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/ngeo2025.html. பார்த்த நாள்: 9 Dec 2013.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Woese C, Fox G (1977). "Phylogenetic structure of the prokaryotic domain: the primary kingdoms". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 74 (11): 5088–90. doi:10.1073/pnas.74.11.5088. PMC 432104. PubMed.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology (journal) 13 (12): 1103–24. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பப்மெட்:24205812. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:3870916. Bibcode: 2013AsBio..13.1103N. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 November 2013.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences) 112 (47): 14518–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:1091-6490. பப்மெட்:26483481. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:4664351. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..11214518B. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/10/14/1517557112.full.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.
Schopf J (2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 361 (1470): 869–85. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. பப்மெட்:16754604. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:1578735. http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/content/g38537726r273422/fulltext.pdf. ^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}
Chappe B; Albrecht P; Michaelis W (July 1982). "Polar Lipids of Archaebacteria in Sediments and Petroleums". Science 217 (4554): 65–66. doi:10.1126/science.217.4554.65. பப்மெட்:17739984. Bibcode: 1982Sci...217...65C.
Brocks JJ; Logan GA; Buick R; Summons RE (1999). "Archean molecular fossils and the early rise of eukaryotes". Science 285 (5430): 1033–6. doi:10.1126/science.285.5430.1033. பப்மெட்:10446042.
Rasmussen B; Fletcher IR; Brocks JJ; Kilburn MR (October 2008). "Reassessing the first appearance of eukaryotes and cyanobacteria". Nature 455 (7216): 1101–4. doi:10.1038/nature07381. பப்மெட்:18948954. Bibcode: 2008Natur.455.1101R.
Wang M; Yafremava LS; Caetano-Anollés D; Mittenthal JE; Caetano-Anollés G (2007). "Reductive evolution of architectural repertoires in proteomes and the birth of the tripartite world". Genome Res. 17 (11): 1572–85. doi:10.1101/gr.6454307. பப்மெட்:17908824.
Woese CR; Gupta R (1981). "Are archaebacteria merely derived 'prokaryotes'?". Nature 289 (5793): 95–6. doi:10.1038/289095a0. பப்மெட்:6161309. Bibcode: 1981Natur.289...95W.
Woese C (1998). "The universal ancestor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (12): 6854–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6854. பப்மெட்:9618502. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:22660. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.6854W. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9618502.

pubmedcentral.nih.gov

Wang M; Yafremava LS; Caetano-Anollés D; Mittenthal JE; Caetano-Anollés G (2007). "Reductive evolution of architectural repertoires in proteomes and the birth of the tripartite world". Genome Res. 17 (11): 1572–85. doi:10.1101/gr.6454307. பப்மெட்:17908824.

pnas.org

Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences) 112 (47): 14518–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:1091-6490. பப்மெட்:26483481. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:4664351. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..11214518B. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/10/14/1517557112.full.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.
Woese C (1998). "The universal ancestor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (12): 6854–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6854. பப்மெட்:9618502. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:22660. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.6854W. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9618502.

pubmedcentral.gov

Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (8 November 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology (journal) 13 (12): 1103–24. doi:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பப்மெட்:24205812. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:3870916. Bibcode: 2013AsBio..13.1103N. http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/abs/10.1089/ast.2013.1030. பார்த்த நாள்: 15 November 2013.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences) 112 (47): 14518–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:1091-6490. பப்மெட்:26483481. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:4664351. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..11214518B. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/10/14/1517557112.full.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.
Schopf J (2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 361 (1470): 869–85. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. பப்மெட்:16754604. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:1578735. http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/content/g38537726r273422/fulltext.pdf. ^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}
Woese C (1998). "The universal ancestor". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (12): 6854–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.12.6854. பப்மெட்:9618502. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:22660. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.6854W. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9618502.

royalsoc.ac.uk

journals.royalsoc.ac.uk

Schopf J (2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 361 (1470): 869–85. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. பப்மெட்:16754604. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:1578735. http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/content/g38537726r273422/fulltext.pdf. ^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}

usgs.gov

pubs.usgs.gov

"Age of the Earth". U.S. Geological Survey. 1997. Archived from the original on 23 December 2005. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2006-01-10.

web.archive.org

"Age of the Earth". U.S. Geological Survey. 1997. Archived from the original on 23 December 2005. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2006-01-10.

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

Schopf J (2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life" (PDF). Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 361 (1470): 869–85. doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. பப்மெட்:16754604. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:1578735. http://www.journals.royalsoc.ac.uk/content/g38537726r273422/fulltext.pdf. ^{[தொடர்பிழந்த இணைப்பு]}

worldcat.org

Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark et al. (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences) 112 (47): 14518–21. doi:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. பன்னாட்டுத் தர தொடர் எண்:1091-6490. பப்மெட்:26483481. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:4664351. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..11214518B. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2015/10/14/1517557112.full.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2015-10-20.