மாந்தரின ஒய் குறுமவக மரபன் ஒருமைப் பண்புக் குழு (Tamil Wikipedia)

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ancestraljourneys.org

books.google.com

doi.org

Cruciani, F.; La Fratta, R.; Trombetta, B.; Santolamazza, P.; Sellitto, D.; Colomb, E. B.; Dugoujon, J.-M.; Crivellaro, F.; et al. (2007), "Tracing Past Human Male Movements in Northern/Eastern Africa and Western Eurasia: New Clues from Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups E-M78 and J-M12", Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24 (6): 1300–1311, doi:10.1093/molbev/msm049, PMID 17351267 மேலும் காண்க Supplementary Data

elsevier.com

familytreedna.com

"Understanding Haplogroups: How are the haplogroups named?". Family Tree DNA. Archived from the original on 21 ஜூன் 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
"Understanding Results: Y-DNA Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP): What is a Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroup?". Family Tree DNA. Retrieved 31 March 2013. Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups are the major branches on the human paternal family tree. Each haplogroup has many subbranches. These are subclades
"myFTDNA 2.0 User Guide: Y-DNA: What is the Y-DNA - Matches page?". Family Tree DNA. Retrieved 31 March 2013. A terminal SNP determines the terminal (final) subbranch on the Y-DNA Tree to which someone belongs.
"Understanding Results: Y-DNA Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP): How are haplogroups and their subclades named?". Family Tree DNA. Retrieved 31 March 2013.
"Family Tree DNA - Genetic Testing for Ancestry, Family History & Genealogy". familytreedna.com.
Fagundes, Nelson J.R.; Ricardo Kanitz; Roberta Eckert; Ana C.S. Valls; Mauricio R. Bogo; Francisco M. Salzano; David Glenn Smith; Wilson A. Silva et al. (2008). "Mitochondrial Population Genomics Supports a Single Pre-Clovis Origin with a Coastal Route for the Peopling of the Americas" (pdf). American Journal of Human Genetics 82 (3): 583–592. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2007.11.013. பப்மெட்:18313026. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:2427228. http://www.familytreedna.com/pdf/Fagundes-et-al.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2016-10-05. "Since the first studies, it has been found that extant Native American populations exhibit almost exclusively five "mtDNA haplogroups" (A–D and X)6 classified in the autochthonous haplogroups A2, B2, C1, D1, and X2a.7 Haplogroups A–D are found all over the New World and are frequent in Asia, supporting a northeastern Asian origin of these lineages".
ftDNA
Rootsi, Siiri (2004). "Phylogeography of Y-Chromosome Haplogroup I Reveals Distinct Domains of Prehistoric Gene Flow in Europe" (PDF). American Journal of Human Genetics 75: 128–137. doi:10.1086/422196. பப்மெட்:15162323. பப்மெட் சென்ட்ரல்:1181996. http://www.familytreedna.com/pdf/DNA.RootsiHaplogroupISpread.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2016-09-30.

genome.org

isogg.org

Copyright 2015 ISOGG. "ISOGG 2015 Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree Trunk". isogg.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
"Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2010". International Society of Genetic Genealogy. Retrieved July 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

nature.com

nih.gov

Sharma, Swarkar; Rai, Ekta; Bhat, Audesh K; Bhanwer, Amarjit S; Bamezaicorresponding, Rameshwar NK (2007). "A novel subgroup Q5 of human Y-chromosomal haplogroup Q in India". BMC Evol Biol 7: 232. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-232. பப்மெட்:18021436.
Karafet, TM; Mendez, FL; Meilerman, MB; Underhill, PA; Zegura, SL; Hammer, MF (2008). "New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree". Genome Research 18 (5): 830–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7172008. பப்மெட்:18385274.
Karafet, T. M.; Mendez, F. L.; Meilerman, M. B.; Underhill, P. A.; Zegura, S. L.; Hammer, M. F. (2008). "New binary polymorphisms reshape and increase resolution of the human Y chromosomal haplogroup tree". Genome Research 18 (5): 830–8. doi:10.1101/gr.7172008. பப்மெட்:18385274.
Semino, Ornella; Magri, Chiara; Benuzzi, Giorgia; Lin, Alice A.; Al-Zahery, Nadia; Battaglia, Vincenza; MacCioni, Liliana; Triantaphyllidis, Costas et al. (2004). "Origin, Diffusion, and Differentiation of Y-Chromosome Haplogroups E and J: Inferences on the Neolithization of Europe and Later Migratory Events in the Mediterranean Area". The American Journal of Human Genetics 74 (5): 1023–34. doi:10.1086/386295. பப்மெட்:15069642.
Chiaroni, J.; Underhill, P. A.; Cavalli-Sforza, L. L. (2009). "Y chromosome diversity, human expansion, drift, and cultural evolution". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (48): 20174–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0910803106. பப்மெட்:19920170.

Cruciani, F.; La Fratta, R.; Trombetta, B.; Santolamazza, P.; Sellitto, D.; Colomb, E. B.; Dugoujon, J.-M.; Crivellaro, F.; et al. (2007), "Tracing Past Human Male Movements in Northern/Eastern Africa and Western Eurasia: New Clues from Y-Chromosomal Haplogroups E-M78 and J-M12", Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24 (6): 1300–1311, doi:10.1093/molbev/msm049, PMID 17351267 மேலும் காண்க Supplementary Data

oxfordjournals.org

plos.org

pnas.org

pubmedcentral.gov

web.archive.org

"Understanding Haplogroups: How are the haplogroups named?". Family Tree DNA. Archived from the original on 21 ஜூன் 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2013. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
"காப்பகப்படுத்தப்பட்ட நகல்". Archived from the original on 2017-04-30. Retrieved 2016-09-30.

மாந்தரின ஒய் குறுமவக மரபன் ஒருமைப் பண்புக் குழு (Tamil Wikipedia)

ancestraljourneys.org

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doi.org

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