மொழியின் தோற்றம் (Tamil Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "மொழியின் தோற்றம்" in Tamil language version.

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4web.archive.org

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4doi.org

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3nih.gov

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2uwnews.org

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1nytimes.com

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1uiuc.edu

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1berkeley.edu

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1enst.fr

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1duke.edu

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1plymouth.ac.uk

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1pnas.org

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1accessexcellence.org

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1books.google.com

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accessexcellence.org

Klein, Richard G. "Three Distinct Human Populations". Biological and Behavioral Origins of Modern Humans. Access Excellence @ The National Health Museum. Retrieved 2007-09-10.

archive.org

Diamond, Jared (1992, 2006). The Third Chimpanzee: The Evolution and Future of the Human Animal. New York: Harper Perennial. pp. 141–167. ISBN 0060183071. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
Olson, Steve (2002). Mapping Human History. Houghton Mifflin Books. ISBN 0618352104. Any adaptations produced by evolution are useful only in the present, not in some vaguely defined future. So the vocal anatomy and neural circuits needed for language could not have arisen for something that did not yet exist
Ruhlen, Merritt (1994). Origin of Language. New York, NY: Wiley. p. 3. ISBN 0471584266. Earlier human ancestors, such as Homo habilis and Homo erectus, would likely have possessed less developed forms of language, forms intermediate between the rudimentary communicative systems of, say, chimpanzees and modern human languages

berkeley.edu

linguistics.berkeley.edu

Ohala, John J.. (2000). The irrelevance of the lowered larynx in modern man for the development of speech பரணிடப்பட்டது 2011-06-29 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம். In Evolution of Language - Paris conference பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-10-22 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் (pp. 171-172).

books.google.com

Wolpert, Lewis (2006). Six impossible things before breakfast, The evolutionary origins of belief. New York: Norton. p. 81. ISBN 0393064492.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Jungers, William L. et al. (August 2003). "Hypoglossal Canal Size in Living Hominoids and the Evolution of Human Speech" (PDF). Human Biology 75 (4): 473–484. doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0057. http://www.baa.duke.edu/kay/site/riogallegos/PDFs/j74.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10.
DeGusta, David et al. (1999). "Hypoglossal Canal Size and Hominid Speech". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96 (4): 1800–1804. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1800. பப்மெட்:9990105. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=15600%094. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10. "Hypoglossal canal size has previously been used to date the origin of human-like speech capabilities to at least 400,000 years ago and to assign modern human vocal abilities to Neandertals. These conclusions are based on the hypothesis that the size of the hypoglossal canal is indicative of speech capabilities.".
Johansson, Sverker (April 2006). "Constraining the Time When Language Evolved" (PDF). Evolution of Language: Sixth International Conference, Rome: 152. doi:10.1142/9789812774262_0020. http://www.tech.plymouth.ac.uk/socce/evolang6/johansson_constraining.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10. "Hyoid bones are very rare as fossils, as they are not attached to the rest of the skeleton, but one Neanderthal hyoid has been found (Arensburg et al., 1989), very similar to the hyoid of modern Homo sapiens, leading to the conclusion that Neanderthals had a vocal tract similar to ours (Houghton, 1993; Bo¨e, Maeda, & Heim, 1999).".
Klarreich, Erica (April 20, 2004). "Biography of Richard G. Klein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (16): 5705–5707. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402190101. பப்மெட்:15079069. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/101/16/5705#SEC1. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10.

duke.edu

baa.duke.edu

Jungers, William L. et al. (August 2003). "Hypoglossal Canal Size in Living Hominoids and the Evolution of Human Speech" (PDF). Human Biology 75 (4): 473–484. doi:10.1353/hub.2003.0057. http://www.baa.duke.edu/kay/site/riogallegos/PDFs/j74.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10.

enst.fr

infres.enst.fr

Ohala, John J.. (2000). The irrelevance of the lowered larynx in modern man for the development of speech பரணிடப்பட்டது 2011-06-29 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம். In Evolution of Language - Paris conference பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-10-22 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் (pp. 171-172).

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

DeGusta, David et al. (1999). "Hypoglossal Canal Size and Hominid Speech". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96 (4): 1800–1804. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1800. பப்மெட்:9990105. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=15600%094. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10. "Hypoglossal canal size has previously been used to date the origin of human-like speech capabilities to at least 400,000 years ago and to assign modern human vocal abilities to Neandertals. These conclusions are based on the hypothesis that the size of the hypoglossal canal is indicative of speech capabilities.".
Klarreich, Erica (April 20, 2004). "Biography of Richard G. Klein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (16): 5705–5707. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402190101. பப்மெட்:15079069. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/101/16/5705#SEC1. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10.

pubmedcentral.nih.gov

DeGusta, David et al. (1999). "Hypoglossal Canal Size and Hominid Speech". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96 (4): 1800–1804. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.4.1800. பப்மெட்:9990105. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=15600%094. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10. "Hypoglossal canal size has previously been used to date the origin of human-like speech capabilities to at least 400,000 years ago and to assign modern human vocal abilities to Neandertals. These conclusions are based on the hypothesis that the size of the hypoglossal canal is indicative of speech capabilities.".

nytimes.com

Wade, Nicholas (2006-05-23). "Nigerian Monkeys Drop Hints on Language Origin". த நியூயார்க் டைம்ஸ். Retrieved 2007-09-09.

plymouth.ac.uk

tech.plymouth.ac.uk

Johansson, Sverker (April 2006). "Constraining the Time When Language Evolved" (PDF). Evolution of Language: Sixth International Conference, Rome: 152. doi:10.1142/9789812774262_0020. http://www.tech.plymouth.ac.uk/socce/evolang6/johansson_constraining.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10. "Hyoid bones are very rare as fossils, as they are not attached to the rest of the skeleton, but one Neanderthal hyoid has been found (Arensburg et al., 1989), very similar to the hyoid of modern Homo sapiens, leading to the conclusion that Neanderthals had a vocal tract similar to ours (Houghton, 1993; Bo¨e, Maeda, & Heim, 1999).".

pnas.org

Klarreich, Erica (April 20, 2004). "Biography of Richard G. Klein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (16): 5705–5707. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402190101. பப்மெட்:15079069. http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/101/16/5705#SEC1. பார்த்த நாள்: 2007-09-10.

uiuc.edu

www3.isrl.uiuc.edu

Fitch, W. Tecumseh. "The Evolution of Speech: A Comparative Review" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-09. Retrieved 2007-09-09.

uwnews.org

Schwarz, J. http://uwnews.org/article.asp?articleID=37362 பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-05-04 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்
quote "Our findings show that at 164,000 years ago in coastal South Africa humans expanded their diet to include shellfish and other marine resources, perhaps as a response to harsh environmental conditions," said Curtis Marean, a paleoanthropologist with the Institute of Human Origins at Arizona State University who headed the research team "This is the earliest dated observation of this behavior" Schwarz, J. http://uwnews.org/article.asp?articleID=37362 பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-05-04 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்

web.archive.org

Fitch, W. Tecumseh. "The Evolution of Speech: A Comparative Review" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-08-09. Retrieved 2007-09-09.
Ohala, John J.. (2000). The irrelevance of the lowered larynx in modern man for the development of speech பரணிடப்பட்டது 2011-06-29 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம். In Evolution of Language - Paris conference பரணிடப்பட்டது 2006-10-22 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம் (pp. 171-172).
Schwarz, J. http://uwnews.org/article.asp?articleID=37362 பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-05-04 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்
quote "Our findings show that at 164,000 years ago in coastal South Africa humans expanded their diet to include shellfish and other marine resources, perhaps as a response to harsh environmental conditions," said Curtis Marean, a paleoanthropologist with the Institute of Human Origins at Arizona State University who headed the research team "This is the earliest dated observation of this behavior" Schwarz, J. http://uwnews.org/article.asp?articleID=37362 பரணிடப்பட்டது 2009-05-04 at the வந்தவழி இயந்திரம்