Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "வைக்கிங்" in Tamil language version.
The term 'Viking'... came to be used more especially of those warriors who left their homes in Scandinavia and made raids on the chief European countries. This is the narrow, and technically the only correct use of the term 'Viking,' but in such expressions as 'Viking civilisation,' 'the Viking age,' 'the Viking movement,' 'Viking influence,' the word has come to have a wider significance and is used as a concise and convenient term for describing the whole of the civilisation, activity and influence of the Scandinavian peoples, at a particular period in their history, and to apply the term 'Viking' in its narrower sense to these movements would be as misleading as to write an account of the age of Elizabeth and label it 'The Buccaneers.'Holman, Catherine (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Vikings. Scarecrow Press. p. 1. ISBN 0810865890.
Viking is not merely another way of referring to a medieval Scandinavian. Technically, the word has a more specific meaning, and it was used (only infrequently by contemporaries of the Vikings) to refer to those Scandinavians, usually men, who attacked their contemporaries...Simpson, Jacqueline (1980). The Viking World. Batsford. p. 9. ISBN 0713407778. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 15 September 2019.
Strictly speaking, therefore, the term Viking should only be applied to men actually engaged in these violent pursuits, and not to every contemporary Scandinavian...Davies, Norman (1999). The Isles: A History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198030737.
The Viking appellation... refers to an activity, not to an ethnic group
The term 'Viking'... came to be used more especially of those warriors who left their homes in Scandinavia and made raids on the chief European countries. This is the narrow, and technically the only correct use of the term 'Viking,' but in such expressions as 'Viking civilisation,' 'the Viking age,' 'the Viking movement,' 'Viking influence,' the word has come to have a wider significance and is used as a concise and convenient term for describing the whole of the civilisation, activity and influence of the Scandinavian peoples, at a particular period in their history, and to apply the term 'Viking' in its narrower sense to these movements would be as misleading as to write an account of the age of Elizabeth and label it 'The Buccaneers.'Holman, Catherine (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Vikings. Scarecrow Press. p. 1. ISBN 0810865890.
Viking is not merely another way of referring to a medieval Scandinavian. Technically, the word has a more specific meaning, and it was used (only infrequently by contemporaries of the Vikings) to refer to those Scandinavians, usually men, who attacked their contemporaries...Simpson, Jacqueline (1980). The Viking World. Batsford. p. 9. ISBN 0713407778. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 15 September 2019.
Strictly speaking, therefore, the term Viking should only be applied to men actually engaged in these violent pursuits, and not to every contemporary Scandinavian...Davies, Norman (1999). The Isles: A History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198030737.
The Viking appellation... refers to an activity, not to an ethnic group
The term "Viking" is applied today to Scandinavians who left their homes intent on raiding or conquest, and their descendants, during a period extending roughly from 800 to 1050 CE.Mawer, Allen (1922). "The Vikings". In Bury, J. B. (ed.). The Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 309. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 8 June 2020.
The term Viking... is now commonly applied to those Norsemen, Danes and Swedes who harried Europe from the eighth to the eleventh centuries..."Viking". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 9780191727139. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 3 January 2020.
Viking... Scandinavian words used to describe the seafaring raiders from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark who ravaged the coasts of Europe from about 800 ad onwards.Crowcroft, Robert; Cannon, John, eds. (2015). "Viking". The Oxford Companion to British History (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191757150. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 3 January 2020.
Viking is an Old Norse term, of disputed derivation, which only came into common usage in the 19th cent. to describe peoples of Scandinavian origin who, as raiders, settlers, and traders, had major and long-lasting effects on northern Europe and the Atlantic seaboards between the late 8th and 11th cents.
Vikings: Any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of NW Europe in the 8th–11th centuries...Random House Unabridged Dictionary (2019). "Vikings". Dictionary.com. Random House. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... Any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuriesCOBUILD Advanced English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
The Vikings were people who sailed from Scandinavia and attacked villages in most parts of north-western Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuriesCollins English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Danes, Norwegians, and Swedes who raided by sea most of N and W Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries, later often settling, as in parts of Britain.Webster's New World Dictionary, 4th Edition (2010). "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Scandinavian sea rovers and pirates who ravaged the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th cent.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus. "Viking". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019. Viking... [A] person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and 11th centuries, often staying to live.
Viking, also called Norseman or Northman, member of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the 9th to the 11th century and whose disruptive influence profoundly affected European history. These pagan Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish warriors were...
Viking society, which had developed by the 9th century, included the peoples that lived in what are now Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and, from the 10th century, Iceland
Vikings: Any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of NW Europe in the 8th–11th centuries...Random House Unabridged Dictionary (2019). "Vikings". Dictionary.com. Random House. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... Any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuriesCOBUILD Advanced English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
The Vikings were people who sailed from Scandinavia and attacked villages in most parts of north-western Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuriesCollins English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Danes, Norwegians, and Swedes who raided by sea most of N and W Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries, later often settling, as in parts of Britain.Webster's New World Dictionary, 4th Edition (2010). "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Scandinavian sea rovers and pirates who ravaged the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th cent.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus. "Viking". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019. Viking... [A] person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and 11th centuries, often staying to live.
Vikings: Any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of NW Europe in the 8th–11th centuries...Random House Unabridged Dictionary (2019). "Vikings". Dictionary.com. Random House. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... Any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuriesCOBUILD Advanced English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
The Vikings were people who sailed from Scandinavia and attacked villages in most parts of north-western Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuriesCollins English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Danes, Norwegians, and Swedes who raided by sea most of N and W Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries, later often settling, as in parts of Britain.Webster's New World Dictionary, 4th Edition (2010). "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Scandinavian sea rovers and pirates who ravaged the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th cent.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus. "Viking". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019. Viking... [A] person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and 11th centuries, often staying to live.
Vikings: Any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of NW Europe in the 8th–11th centuries...Random House Unabridged Dictionary (2019). "Vikings". Dictionary.com. Random House. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... Any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuriesCOBUILD Advanced English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
The Vikings were people who sailed from Scandinavia and attacked villages in most parts of north-western Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuriesCollins English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Danes, Norwegians, and Swedes who raided by sea most of N and W Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries, later often settling, as in parts of Britain.Webster's New World Dictionary, 4th Edition (2010). "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Scandinavian sea rovers and pirates who ravaged the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th cent.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus. "Viking". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019. Viking... [A] person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and 11th centuries, often staying to live.
The term "Viking" is applied today to Scandinavians who left their homes intent on raiding or conquest, and their descendants, during a period extending roughly from 800 to 1050 CE.Mawer, Allen (1922). "The Vikings". In Bury, J. B. (ed.). The Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 309. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 8 June 2020.
The term Viking... is now commonly applied to those Norsemen, Danes and Swedes who harried Europe from the eighth to the eleventh centuries..."Viking". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 9780191727139. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 3 January 2020.
Viking... Scandinavian words used to describe the seafaring raiders from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark who ravaged the coasts of Europe from about 800 ad onwards.Crowcroft, Robert; Cannon, John, eds. (2015). "Viking". The Oxford Companion to British History (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191757150. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 3 January 2020.
Viking is an Old Norse term, of disputed derivation, which only came into common usage in the 19th cent. to describe peoples of Scandinavian origin who, as raiders, settlers, and traders, had major and long-lasting effects on northern Europe and the Atlantic seaboards between the late 8th and 11th cents.
The term 'Viking'... came to be used more especially of those warriors who left their homes in Scandinavia and made raids on the chief European countries. This is the narrow, and technically the only correct use of the term 'Viking,' but in such expressions as 'Viking civilisation,' 'the Viking age,' 'the Viking movement,' 'Viking influence,' the word has come to have a wider significance and is used as a concise and convenient term for describing the whole of the civilisation, activity and influence of the Scandinavian peoples, at a particular period in their history, and to apply the term 'Viking' in its narrower sense to these movements would be as misleading as to write an account of the age of Elizabeth and label it 'The Buccaneers.'Holman, Catherine (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Vikings. Scarecrow Press. p. 1. ISBN 0810865890.
Viking is not merely another way of referring to a medieval Scandinavian. Technically, the word has a more specific meaning, and it was used (only infrequently by contemporaries of the Vikings) to refer to those Scandinavians, usually men, who attacked their contemporaries...Simpson, Jacqueline (1980). The Viking World. Batsford. p. 9. ISBN 0713407778. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 15 September 2019.
Strictly speaking, therefore, the term Viking should only be applied to men actually engaged in these violent pursuits, and not to every contemporary Scandinavian...Davies, Norman (1999). The Isles: A History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198030737.
The Viking appellation... refers to an activity, not to an ethnic group
The term "Viking" is applied today to Scandinavians who left their homes intent on raiding or conquest, and their descendants, during a period extending roughly from 800 to 1050 CE.Mawer, Allen (1922). "The Vikings". In Bury, J. B. (ed.). The Cambridge Medieval History. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 309. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 8 June 2020.
The term Viking... is now commonly applied to those Norsemen, Danes and Swedes who harried Europe from the eighth to the eleventh centuries..."Viking". The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. 2009. ISBN 9780191727139. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 3 January 2020.
Viking... Scandinavian words used to describe the seafaring raiders from Norway, Sweden, and Denmark who ravaged the coasts of Europe from about 800 ad onwards.Crowcroft, Robert; Cannon, John, eds. (2015). "Viking". The Oxford Companion to British History (2 ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780191757150. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 3 January 2020.
Viking is an Old Norse term, of disputed derivation, which only came into common usage in the 19th cent. to describe peoples of Scandinavian origin who, as raiders, settlers, and traders, had major and long-lasting effects on northern Europe and the Atlantic seaboards between the late 8th and 11th cents.
Vikings: Any of the Scandinavian seafaring pirates and traders who raided and settled in many parts of NW Europe in the 8th–11th centuries...Random House Unabridged Dictionary (2019). "Vikings". Dictionary.com. Random House. Archived from the original on 12 December 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... Any of the Scandinavian pirates who plundered the coasts of Europe from the 8th to 10th centuriesCOBUILD Advanced English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
The Vikings were people who sailed from Scandinavia and attacked villages in most parts of north-western Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuriesCollins English Dictionary. "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. HarperCollins. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Danes, Norwegians, and Swedes who raided by sea most of N and W Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries, later often settling, as in parts of Britain.Webster's New World Dictionary, 4th Edition (2010). "Viking". Collins Online Dictionary. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Archived from the original on 7 October 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019.
Viking... [A]ny of the Scandinavian sea rovers and pirates who ravaged the coasts of Europe from the 8th to the 10th cent.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary & Thesaurus. "Viking". Cambridge Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. Archived from the original on 6 May 2019. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 12 December 2019. Viking... [A] person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and 11th centuries, often staying to live.
Viking, also called Norseman or Northman, member of the Scandinavian seafaring warriors who raided and colonized wide areas of Europe from the 9th to the 11th century and whose disruptive influence profoundly affected European history. These pagan Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish warriors were...
Viking society, which had developed by the 9th century, included the peoples that lived in what are now Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and, from the 10th century, Iceland